Microstructure and properties of Ni-Fe3O4 composite plated polyester fabric

In this study, electroless Ni-Fe₃O₄ composite plating on polyester fabric modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) was investigated under ultrasonic irradiation. Effects of deposit weight on microstructure and properties of Ni-Fe₃O₄ composite coating were studied. Surface morphology, chemical composition and state, crystal structure of the electroless Ni-Fe₃O₄ composite plated polyester fabric were characterized by SEM, EDX, XPS and XRD. Magnetic properties, electrical resistivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of Ni-Fe₃O₄ plated polyester fabric were also evaluated. The presence of co-deposition of Fe₃O₄ in Ni coating on the polyester fabric is demonstrated by an XPS analysis. At a higher deposit weight, there is an increase in particle size and saturation magnetization, and a decrease in electrical resistivity with respect to the rise of deposit weight, respectively. As the Ni-Fe₃O₄ weight on the treated fabric is 32.90 g/m², the EMI SE of the Ni-Fe₃O₄ plated polyester fabric arrives 15–20 dB at frequencies that range from 8 to 18 GHz. The results indicate the Ni-Fe₃O₄ plated polyester fabrics are used as super-paramagnetic, conductive and EMI shielding materials.     

Major Gene Plus Polygene Genetic Analysis of Lint Percent in Upland Cotton

[Objective] Lint percentage is a critical factor in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield; however, there is limited genetic researches available to dissect the genetic characteristics of cotton lint percentage or for illustrating the mechanism of how lint percentage contributes to yield formation.【Methods】This study used the major gene plus polygene genetic model to perform a comprehensive study on genetic variation among lint percentage characteristics. In total, a 250-recombinant inbred line population was constructed for cultivar CCRI 70, a national high-quality cotton, and this population and the cultivar’s parental lines were phenotyped in nine environments in the Yellow River Valley, the Yangtze River Valley and Northwest Inland Region. 【Results】The lint percentage of the female parent sGK Zhong 156 was greater than that of the male parent 901-001 when grown in the nine environments. The lint percentage range of the recombinant inbred lines was 33.91%–40.18%, with an average of 38.01%, and the average was lower than that of the parental values. Thus, the performance was heterotic. The absolute values of skewness and kurtosis were less than 1.0, indicating a normal distribution, and the coefficients of variation ranged from 5.36% to 8.17%. Lint percentage showed the following geographical trend: Northwest Inland Region＞the Yellow River Valley＞the Yangtze River Valley. The genetic model is as follows: in different environments, lint percentage is controlled by two to four pairs of main genes or two pairs of major genes plus polygenes. The heritability of major genes ranged from 1.26% to 83.13%, the multiple gene heritability ranged from 27.35% to 90.83%, and the heritability of major genes plus multiple gene ranged from 92.00% to 99.35%. In the current study, lint percentage was mainly controlled by the major genes model having two major genes plus polygenes and the major gene model having two to four major genes. Among 2015 in Anyang, Henan, 2016 in Anyang, Henan and 2016 in Linqing, Shandong, only the former had four pairs of major genes. 【Conclusion】When the main gene plus polygenic benefits on lint traits is greater than 90%, then a high quality cotton is produced. The results are helpful in elucidating the genetic rules regulating the yield components of CCRI 70, and they provide a theoretical basis for improving cotton yield.     

甜高粱饲用价值及饲喂奶牛技术

近年来我国畜牧业发展迅速,奶牛存栏数量呈现逐年增加的趋势,与此同时,人们对各类奶制品需求量的逐渐增加,进一步带动了以奶牛业为核心的畜牧业发展。目前一些大型畜牧场将玉米(Zea mays)饲草作为畜禽的主要饲料,远不能解决畜牧业快速发展导致的饲草不足问题。甜高粱(Sorghum bicolor)是一种仅次于青贮玉米的优良饲草作物,耐干旱,耐贫瘠,生物产量高,籽粒可以用作配合饲料,茎叶和秸秆可进行青饲、青贮等。本文从甜高粱的刈割、甜高粱不同预处理方式及甜高粱的多功能用途等方面进行综述,对甜高粱饲喂奶牛的效果进行综合对比,并提出饲用应注意事项等,旨在为今后使用甜高粱饲喂奶牛提供一些技术参考。     

富士苹果果实中突触小泡蛋白基因(MdVAMP)的克隆及其表达

花青素是植物中最广泛存在的次生代谢物之一,是不同颜色花和果实色泽的关键色素。花青苷通常在细胞质中合成,于液泡中积累。虽然花青苷的生物合成途径已被深入研究,但它们从细胞质到液泡的转运以及显示红色的机制仍然不清楚。本试验通过RACE技术成功克隆出富士苹果及其芽变中MdVAMP cDNA序列的总长度。该基因cDNA序列全长994 bp,具有660 bp的开放阅读框(ORF),编码219个氨基酸。同源性分析表明,MdVAMP基因与沙梨同源性最高。定量PCR结果表明,MdVAMP基因在‘长富2’苹果及芽变果实摘袋后表达趋势与其花青苷含量变化相一致,芽变果实中MdVAMP基因表达量和花青苷含量均显著高于‘长富2’苹果。进一步在不同富士品种中研究发现,MdVAMP基因表达水平与花青苷含量密切相关。亚细胞定位结果显示MdVAMP主要定位于细胞质。该研究表明,MdVAMP基因可能参与了花青苷的转运和积累,这为进一步研究苹果果皮着色和花青苷转运提供了一定的科学基础。     

两年制硕士研究生创新教育探析

分析了我国目前硕士研究生创新教育中存在的问题,指出了两年制硕士教育的改革需要指导教师,从创新意识和创新基础两方面加强对学生的指导,同时要为研究生创造适宜的创新环境,才能保证硕士研究生的教育质量。     

甘肃省小麦条锈菌流行小种的RAPD标记

本研究利用160条随机引物,对甘肃省小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici)8个主要流行生理小种进行了RAPD片段的筛选,最终找到了4个流行生理小种条中32号、条中33号、Hybrid46-8号、shui-4的特异性RAPD标记,分别为S301、S19、S39、S36和S2140。结果表明:通过寻找小麦条锈菌生理小种的特异性RAPD片段,能从分子水平准确、快速检测小麦条锈菌各生理小种。     

玉米杂种优势与相关酶活性的关系

玉米淀粉的杂种优势表现最优,本试验对普通玉米8个自交系和配组的杂交组合的淀粉合成酶活性进行了研究,通过比较玉米淀粉合成过程中的酶活性,研究玉米杂种优势与几种酶活性的关系。结果表明,AGP、SSS、GBSS、SBE和DBE酶的活性在8个亲本(自交系)之间没有差异。除DBE酶活性在F1杂交组合中差异显著,其它4种酶差异均不显著;另外,GBSS酶活性在亲本(自交系)自交系与F1杂交系之间存在差异。组合中GBSS的中亲优势最高,中亲优势平均值为8.14%,范围在-60.50%～130.85%之间,有15个组合表现出正向超中亲现象。本研究中,AGP、SSS、GBSS、DBE和SBE这5个酶对玉米的产量、株高、穗粒重和千粒重等性状影响不大,而AGP、SSS、GBSS、SBE和DBE这5个酶对穗长有影响。     

西瓜及砧木根系分泌物对西瓜枯萎病菌的化感效应

为了解砧木的抗病机理,提取砧木日本南瓜(RBNG)和野生西瓜(YSXG)及西瓜品种超甜花龙(CTHL)的根系分泌物,测定其对西瓜枯萎病菌的生物活性。结果表明,砧木对枯萎病菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的相对抑制率显著高于西瓜品种;3种材料均引起菌丝体MDA含量先下降后上升,而砧木引起下降的幅度较小;3种材料均引起菌丝体SOD活性先上升后下降,而砧木引起下降的速度较快;砧木引起菌丝体POD活性呈缓慢下降趋势,而西瓜品种则引起先快速上升后迅速下降;3种材料引起菌丝体可溶性蛋白含量均呈下降趋势,而砧木在前期引起下降的速度较快;砧木引起菌丝体可溶性糖含量呈直续下降趋势,而西瓜品种却引起先下降后上升。     

三叶草斑潜蝇hsp70的克隆及其表达量在高低温胁迫下的变化

为了明确高低温胁迫对三叶草斑潜蝇hsp70表达量的影响,采用RT-PCR和RACE技术获得了1条三叶草斑潜蝇诱导型热激蛋白基因hsp70,命名为Lthsp70-1,并利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测其在温度胁迫后的表达量.该基因的开放阅读框为1923 bp,编码640个氨基酸.氨基酸序列中含有HSP70家族的签名序列IFDLGGGTFDVSIL和IVLVGGSTRIPK、DnaK特征基序IDLGTT(Y)S(C)V、非细胞器基序RARFEEL,以及C末端的保守序列EEVD.实时荧光定量PCR结果显示:成虫在31～33℃范围内,其hsp70表达量随温度升高而上升,33℃时达到最高峰;35～39℃时,hsp70表达量迅速下降;蛹经0℃胁迫0.5～2.0 h,其hsp70表达量随时间延长呈上升趋势.由此可见,高低温胁迫均能诱导三叶草斑潜蝇hsp70的表达.     

口蹄疫病毒突破宿主细胞天然免疫应答的机制

口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)感染宿主必须突破天然免疫应答,细胞天然免疫应答是宿主天然免疫应答最关键的组成部分。FMDV只有突破宿主细胞天然免疫才能在细胞内生长、繁殖和传播,为达到这一目的要利用多种途径来抗衡甚至破坏宿主细胞天然免疫应答。然而FMDV突破宿主细胞天然免疫应答的机制至今尚不十分清楚,深入了解FMDV突破宿主细胞天然免疫应答机制,有助于人们进一步认知FMDV致病机理,开发新型疫苗和生物治疗药物以应对口蹄疫的暴发和流行。本文从FMDV感染后宿主细胞的转录和翻译系统,病毒抗原性多肽的递呈、天然免疫细胞功能损伤和免疫病理作用四个方面对FMDV突破宿主细胞天然免疫的机制作以综述。