地裂缝构造背景与坳陷伸展构造环境的关系

首次从坳陷伸展构造环境的角度出发,分析和总结了前人对冀中坳陷伸展构造环境的研究和系统的建立,探讨了6处河北平原典型构造成因地裂缝发育带区域地质背景和伸展构造环境,认为伸展构造环境为地裂缝发育提供了内部空间、外源动力等条件,并控制了地裂缝发育区域与主要特征。在此环境下,地裂缝的产生是伸展构造环境下第四系土体演化过程中的地质现象之一,地裂缝的差异性主要是由基底起伏、伸展断层(变换断层)、第四系覆盖土体的物理性质、人类工程活动等内外因素造成的。     

Identification and Molecular Characteristics Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Variants

To ascertain a diarrhea case in a pig farm in Shandong province,the pathological changes of dead piglets were observed and nested RT-PCR test was carried out on 7 diarrhea samples for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV).Pathological examination revealed that intestine was detected as enlargement,hyperemia and edema.After histological examination,the typical microscopic lesions of intestine were disappearance of epithelial cells,villus shrinkage and shortening.The result of nested RT-PCR showed that all of the 7 samples could amplify a specific target band of PEDV.Molecular characteristics of two field strains showed that they had an amino acid homology of 92.3% to 92.4% with vaccine CV777 and 96.6% to 98.6% with other previous field strains which sequences were downloaded from GenBank.Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that all of PEDV strains could be mainly divided into two clusters of G1 and G2. G2 consisted of the field strains of our study and other field strains from USA,China and so on,which had the same sequence characteristics of two insertions and one deletion,while G1 consisted of all vaccines of CV777 and several older field strains from China and Korea.These results indicated that our field strains were the dominant strains in recent epidemic diarrhea occurrence.Moreover,its molecular characteristics might be a characterization of differentiating the field and vaccine strains.     

食品中氨基酸的作用及测定方法

氨基酸是生物功能大分子蛋白质的基本组成单位,被广泛应用于食品、医药、保健品等行业.其研究和测定方法一直是人们关注和研究的热点,文章较全面地阐述了食品中氨基酸的作用及相关测定方法.     

砂田甜瓜套作向日葵系统的养分利用研究

2010—2013年在庄浪县进行的砂田甜瓜套作向日葵系统的养分利用研究的结果表明,无论在甜瓜的初花期、座果期、膨大期套作食葵或油葵,套作系统比单作明显提高了作物的吸氮量、吸磷量和吸钾量。氮吸收量比单作增加50%~59%,磷吸收量比单作增加12%~41%,钾吸收量比单作增加33%~68%。     

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cervus elaphus Using AMELY Gene in Y Chromosome

In order to determine the genetic diversity in Cervus elaphus using AMELY gene in Y chromosome,200 blood samples from Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus,Cervus elaphus songaricus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis populations were collected and AMELY genes were sequenced in this study.The haplotype diversity of Y chromosome was analyed,phylogenetic tree was built to explore the genetic diversity and the paternal origins about Cervus elaphus.The results showed that:Cervus elaphus yarkandensis had the most variation sites and the highest nucleotide diversity.The genetic distance between Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and other Cervus elaphus were far.6 haplotypes were identified in this study,named as A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 and A6,respectively.Cervu elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis had separate haplotype.The NJ and ML phylogenetic trees showed that Cervus elaphus songaricus,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis clustered together which Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus kansuensis were form a department,separately.Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus yarkandensis clustered into one branches and there might be gene exchange among Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus kansuensis and other Cervus elaphus.     

基因组Ⅰ型和Ⅴ型传染性胰脏坏死病毒的分离与鉴定

为调查造成中国西北某虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss养殖场幼鱼出现持续性死亡的病因,采用组织病理切片观察及分子鉴定的方法对患病虹鳟进行了鲑鳟常见病毒筛查,同时采用系统发育分析、电镜观察、滴度测定及人工回归感染等方法对分离获得的毒株进行了基因型分析、显微结构观察及毒力特性分析等研究.结果表明:患病虹鳟的肝、脾及肾组织细胞发生广泛性坏死,并伴随空泡化及溶解等现象;由病鱼内脏组织制备的组织匀浆悬液均能够感染CHSE-214细胞并产生典型细胞病变(CPE);从该养殖场的不同养殖区域共分离到3株传染性胰脏坏死病毒(infectious pancreatic necrosis virus,IPNV),其中IPNV-F1和IPNV-W2属于基因组Ⅰ型,分别与IPNV中国分离株WZ2016(KX355401)和ChRtm213(KX234591)同源性最高,VP2基因片段序列一致性分别为100％和98.5％,IPNV-W1属于基因组Ⅴ型,与意大利毒株IPNV/O.mykiss/I/PN/208/Mar88(MG543567)同源性最高,二者的VP2基因片段序列一致性为99.1％;接种病毒后的CHSE-214细胞内存在大量呈晶格状排列的无囊膜病毒粒子,3株IPNV分离株在CHSE-214细胞上的平均滴度分别为107.43 TCID50/0.1 mL(IPNV-F1)、107.30 TCID50/0.1 mL(IPNV-W1)和107.29 TCID50/0.1 mL(IPNV-W2);分别以0.1 mL/尾的剂量向健康虹鳟幼鱼腹腔注射各IPNV分离株,在攻毒后60 d内虹鳟未出现死亡,攻毒后30 d时,病毒在组织中的平均滴度分别为104.50 TCID50/0.1 g组织(IPNV-F1)、105.38 TCID50/0.1 g组织(IPNV-W1)和104.13 TCID50/0.1 g组织(IPNV-W2),攻毒后60 d时,病毒在组织中的平均滴度下降为103.43 TCID50/0.1 g组织(IPNV-F1)、104.50 TCID50/0.1 g组织(IPNV-W1)和103.21 TCID50/0.1 g组织(IPNV-W2).研究表明,该发病养殖场同时存在基因组Ⅰ型和Ⅴ型的IPNV,本研究首次从同一养殖场分离到两种基因型的IPNV,可为中国传染性胰脏坏死病(IPN)的防控提供参考.     

农业技术模式转换与对策探讨——以河南省欠发达平原农业区为例

面对当前农村劳动力转移给农业发展带来的挑战和机遇,转换农业技术模式尤为重要.采用理论分析和调查访谈相结合的方法,得出河南欠发达平原农业区农业技术模式转换必须结合本地实际,遵循诱致性轨迹,注重转换过渡模式,即以农民社会资本为纽带进行土地流转,形成土地适度渐进规模经营,以村集体、宗族等为核心发展种子、生物科技、中小型机械设...     

Soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration by consecutive biochar application: Results from a decade field experiment

Biochar addition can expand soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and has potential ability in mitigating climate change. Also, some incubation experiments have shown that biochar can increase soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contents. However, there is no direct evidence for this from the field experiment. In order to make up the sparseness of available data resulting from the long‐term effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon fractions, here we detected the contents and stocks of the bulk SIC and SOC fractions based on a 10‐year field experiment of consecutive biochar application in Shandong Province, China. There are three biochar treatments as no‐biochar (control), and biochar application at 4.5 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 (B4.5) and 9.0 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 (B9.0), respectively. The results showed that biochar application significantly enhanced SIC content (3.2%–24.3%), >53 μm particulate organic carbon content (POC, 38.2%–166.2%) and total soil organic carbon content (15.8%–82.2%), compared with the no‐biochar control. However, <53 μm silt–clay‐associated organic carbon (SCOC) content was significantly decreased (14%–27%) under the B9.0 treatment. Our study provides the direct field evidence that SIC contributed to carbon sequestration after the biochar application, and indicates that the applied biochar was allocated mainly in POC fraction. Further, the decreased SCOC and increased microbial biomass carbon contents observed in field suggest that the biochar application might exert a positive priming effect on native soil organic carbon.     

一类不确定网络控制系统的鲁棒H SymboleB@ 控制

基于一类具有网络时延和参数不确定性的离散系统，考虑系统的网络时延小于一个采样周期，传感器是时间驱动，控制器和执行器是事件驱动。根据文中描述的系统建立模型，运用Lyapunov稳定性理论、鲁棒控制理论和线性矩阵不等式处理方法，推导出闭环控制系统渐近稳定的充分条件，并且得出鲁棒H 控制律和其性能指标γ。最后用数值例子对所得结果加以验证，通过MATLAB LMI工具箱求解，说明文中结果的正确性。