退耕还林后续问题研究现状及展望

随着退耕还林工程的深入开展, 退耕还林后续问题引起了众多学者的关注。文中在梳理相关文献的基础上, 概述了退耕还林后续问题的研究现状, 分析了该领域已经取得的成果以及存在的不足, 并指出今后的研究方向。     

小麦品种对小麦白粉病菌侵染信号传递初探

 通过测定抗病性不同的小麦品种在接种小麦白粉病菌后钙调素含量的变化发现其存在差异。如抗病品种钙调素含量高峰出现在接种后4 h,即寄主与白粉病菌接触阶段。而感病品种接种后24 h出现钙调素含量高峰。比较测定了不同的钙调素抑制剂对小麦品种抗白粉性的影响,发现10mmol/L TFP和5 mmol/L CPZ处理使抗病品种变为高度感病,50 mmol/L CPZ处理使小麦感染白粉菌后反应型下降,表明钙调素与小麦抗白粉性有关。     

A survey of the genera of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Microgaster</Emphasis> latreille and<Emphasis Type="Italic">Hygroplitis</Emphasis> thomson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) from China

The genera ofMicrogaster Latreille 1804 andHygroplitis Thomson 1895 from China are presented systematically in this paper. Thirty-two species ofMicrogaster and three species ofHygroplitis are known in China. Diagnosis, character variation, distribution and host of each species among the two genera are presented, including its host and distribution. Keys to the species ofMicrogaster andHygroplitis are given. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 19, 2006.     

乌鲁木齐植物景观特色研究与营造（英文）

乌鲁木齐地处典型的中温带大陆性气候地带,区内山地与平原气候差异大。通过对乌鲁木齐植物景观的现状和现存问题的分析研究,提出了乌鲁木齐植物特色景观营造的理念、原则和目标。     

基于图形处理器的三维表面质量快速评定技术

针对三维表面粗糙度评定中表面测量数据量大且计算复杂度高,常用处理方法不能满足实时测量要求的问题,提出了一种基于图形处理器(GPU)的三维表面形貌测量数据快速评定方法,应用CUDA平台开发了基于GPU的并行处理算法,在此基础上实现了三维表面质量的快速评定。实验结果表明,该方法在保证计算精度的同时,运算效率提高了60倍以上,可满足三维表面质量在线评定的要求。     

基于土地流转的家庭农场经营规模与经济效益分析

在小麦玉米轮作的前提下,分析了黄淮海地区小麦玉米轮作机械化作业模式;以10年承包年限为例,计算了购买农机具10年内作业总费用,将其与租用农机具作业费用进行比较,找到了自购农机具费用低于租赁农机具作业的最低土地面积。在自购农机具的基础上,以40hm^2土地为例计算开始盈利年限。结果表明：在一定范围内,只有通过提高粮食作物的生产规模和承包年限,才能通过土地流转切实提高农民的收入。     

小区育种机械发展现状及展望

新品种培育、良种繁育及种子检测和加工等在内的种子产业是21世纪最具发展潜力的领域之一。从作物育种试验区管理的各个环节出发,介绍了目前国内外作物育种试验区机械化的研究现状,通过分析现有育种机械在小麦田间育种各阶段上的应用状况,说明提高小麦田间育种试验机械化的意义和必要性。分析了我国田间育种试验机械发展中存在的问题,指出了小区育种机械发展的方向。      

Root parameters of forest trees as sensitive indicators of acidifying pollutants: a review of research of Japanese forest trees

The root parameters of forest trees can be indicators of a changing environment. We summarize the results of root studies with regard to the effects of acidifying pollutants, especially soil acidification and aluminum toxicity, on various root parameters of Japanese forest trees under experimentally controlled conditions. All root parameters such as biomass, morphology, nutritional status, and physiology can be regarded as indicators, because, under laboratory conditions, root responses occur prior to the responses in the aboveground parts. However, considering the conditions of forest sites, the nutritional status and physiological changes are better indicators of soil acidification and Al stress than the biomass and morphological response. The currently available data suggest that the most important indicator is the Ca/Al molar ratio in roots of Japanese tree species. In order to predict and detect the initial effects of soil acidification, we postulate that the specific root response to the Ca/Al molar ratio of tree roots should be considered as a parameter for use in long-term forest monitoring sites.