提高杂交稻种子纯度海南种植鉴定质量的关键措施

根据多年从事杂交稻种子纯度海南种植鉴定的工作经历,分析了影响海南种植鉴定结果准确性的主要因素,提出了提高鉴定质量的关键措施: 严把种子扦样关、建立稳定的鉴定基地、调配高素质有经验的鉴定人员、采用科学的鉴定技术、实行集中鉴定制度、加强鉴定技术交流和培训.     

Reducing insecticide and fungicide loads in runoff from plastic mulch with vegetative-covered furrows

A common management practice for the production of fresh-market vegetables utilizes polyethylene (plastic) mulch because it increases soil temperature, decreases weed pressure, maintains soil moisture, and minimizes soil contact with the product. However, rain events afford much more erosion and runoff because 50-75% of the field is covered with an impervious surface. A plot study was conducted to compare and to quantify the off-site movement of soil, insecticides, and fungicides associated with runoff from plots planted with Sunbeam tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) using the conventional polyethylene mulch management practice vs an alternative management practice-polyethylene mulch-covered beds with cereal rye (Secale cereale) planted in the furrows between the beds. The use of cereal rye-covered furrows with the conventional polyethylene system decreased runoff volume by more than 40%, soil erosion by more than 80%, and pesticide loads by 48-74%. Results indicate that vegetative furrows are critical to minimizing the negative aspects of this management practice.     

水稻品种与稻瘟病菌分子指纹聚类互作分析初探

本试验进行了41个水稻品种的 GRA-PCR 和15个稻瘟病菌的 REP-PCR 分子指纹扩增和聚类分析;完成了品种和病菌互作人工接种试验。结果表明,供试品种的 GRA-PCR 指纹聚类后,以0.56遗传相似距离点划分时,供试的41个品种可分为两个遗传相似组,其中一组的19个品种大多数为云南省地方老品种,另一组的23个品种多数为近年来生产上的栽培品种。病菌 REP-PCR 指纹聚类后,在不同的相似距离划分时,获得不同的遗传相似组,当以0.08相似距离划分时,各遗传相似组的致病性与供试品种之间有一定的互作关系。