不同摘袋时间对日面红梨果实品质及贮藏性的影响

以条黑育果袋在3个不同时期摘袋,研究其对日面红梨品质的影响。结果表明：7月上旬摘袋,果锈、日烧均严重,失水率高。7月下旬摘袋,黑点病多,裂果严重,着色不良。7月中旬摘袋,果锈少,黑点病、裂果、日烧、失水均较少,着色也良好,是摘袋最佳时间。     

南京小龙山植物内生与土壤微生物群落差异及其矿物风化功能的研究计划项目

以南京小龙山植株海州香薷、根际土壤与非根际土壤作为材料得到可培养的植物内生细菌、根际细菌与非根际细菌,通过研究样品间的群落差异,来分析所得菌种对植株、土壤的作用与影响.将可培养细菌加入钾长石中,通过测定分析不同生境细菌对矿物的风化能力,筛选出具有高效释放矿质元素能力的菌株.该研究有助于丰富微生物资源库,了解植物内生细菌与不同土壤微生物的作用与联系,为深入阐明细菌的矿物风化作用机制打下基础.     

一株类NADC30猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的全基因组序列分析

为监测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)流行毒株的基因变异情况,采用RT-PCR方法对某猪场疑似患有猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)的猪组织样品进行鉴定,测序获得全基因,并对该毒株的NSP2基因缺失特征同源性和遗传进化及重组情况进行分析。结果显示:该猪场感染猪体的病原体为PRRSV,该毒株被命名为180404-2fei;180404-2fei毒株的NSP2区存在131(111+1+19)个氨基酸的不连续缺失,与报道的类NADC30毒株缺失特征一致;180404-2fei的NSP2基因与NADC30毒株核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为92.2%和90.1%,180404-2fei毒株的ORF5基因与NADC30的核苷酸及氨基酸序列同源性分别为93.5%和92.0%;遗传进化和重组分析结果表明,180404-2fei毒株属于NADC30-Like亚群,可能是由NADC30与HP-PRRSV重组而来。本研究通过对一株类NADC30 PRRSV的全基因组序列进行分析,为研究PRRSV的遗传变异和PRRS的防控提供了参考依据。     

农抗2-16防治油菜菌核病效果研究

利用农抗２┐１６防治油菜菌核病效果良好。在油菜盛花期喷施农抗２┐１６水剂１００、１５０倍液,对油菜菌核病防效分别达８２．６％和７８．１％,其防效高于４０％治萎灵可湿性粉剂（９００ｇ／ｈｍ２）和５０％多菌灵可湿性粉剂（３０００ｇ／ｈｍ２）,低于３６％粉霉灵悬浮剂（１５００ｍｌ／ｈｍ２）。喷施农抗２┐１６,能有效地减轻主茎发病,降低病情指数。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Buffalo Keap1 Gene and Investigation of Its Expression Pattern in Different Tissues

In this study,the CDS sequence of buffalo Keap1 gene was cloned and analyzed,then its expression pattern in different tissues was also investigated.A pair of primers of buffalo Keap1 gene was designed based on the nucleotide sequence of Bos taurus Keap1 gene from GenBank,and then the buffalo Keap1 gene was amplified.Using the bioinformation techniques,the gene sequence and the protein structure were analyzed.The expression level of Keap1 gene in different tissues were detected with Real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the length of buffalo Keap1 gene coding sequence was 1 875 bp and encoded 624 amino acids.The multiple sequence alignment results showed that buffalo Keap1 gene shared 99%,96%,92% and 90% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of Bos taurus,Ovis aries,Sus scrofa and Homo sapiens,respectively.And the phyogenetic tree also showed the conservatism between several different species.The second structure of buffalo Keap1 protein was predicted as 24 alpha regions,40 beta regions,38 turn regions and 27 coil regions.In addition,the results of Real-time quantitative PCR showed that Keap1 mRNA exists in all seven tissues,but the most abundant expression was in heart and the minimal expression was in liver and spleen.The results provided an foundation for further study of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signal pathway,for enhancing the ability of antioxidant of buffalo embryo in vitro culture.     

鲜猪肉病原菌污染研究进展

鲜猪肉病原菌污染是引起食源性中毒因素之一,近年来有愈演愈烈趋势。论文从鲜猪肉病原菌污染种类(革兰阳性菌和革兰阴性菌)、污染来源(内源性和外源性)、检测技术(病原学、免疫学、分子生物学和光谱学)和控制措施(源头环节控制、加工环节控制和流通销售环节控制)等四个方面进行了综述,以期为鲜猪肉的卫生安全保障提供参考。     

microRNA let-7调控动物个体发育的研究进展

microRNA(miRNA)是一类广泛存在于多细胞动物中的进化保守的大小为18~25nt的非编码小分子RNA,可以通过与靶基因mRNA的非编码区(3′UTR)结合导致mRNA降解,或阻断mRNA翻译而调节基因表达。let-7是在线虫中发现的具有转录后调节功能的小分子RNA,具有高度的保守性,研究发现,let-7参与动物个体多个器官组织的发育过程。作者综述了近年来let-7参与调控脑、神经系统、心肺系统和肌肉发育等组织器官的研究成果,初步阐述了let-7调控组织器官发育的作用机制,以期为进一步探索let-7在动物体内的功能奠定基础。     

Role of neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase in asthma of rats

AIM:To observe the changes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in rat asthma. METHODS:Eighteen rats were randomly divided into two groups on average, including asthma group and control group. The rat model of asthma was established by the ovalbumin (OVA) challenge methods. Blood PMN were isolated andpurified. The protein expression of MPO were detected by immunohistochemistry and chromatometry techniques. NE was detected by ELISA. RESULTS:(1) Immunohistochemistry showed that the levels of MPO expression around bronchus and in purified PMN in asthma group were significantly increased compared with those in control group (P<0.01). Activities of MPO were significantly increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue in asthma group compared with those in control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). (2) Levels of NE were significantly increased in BALF and PMN in asthma group compared with control group (P<0.01). (3) Number of PMN were significantly higher in BALF, bronchus and lung tissue in asthma group than those in control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Levels of PMN counting and expression of MPO and NEare significantly increased in experimental asthma rats. PMN may be involved in inflammation in asthma via increasing the levels of NE and MPO.     

不同果袋类型对紫花杧的套袋效果

以主栽品种紫花杧为试材,探讨不同果袋类型的套袋效果.结果表明:套袋可大幅度降低采收果的果面流胶和雨水污染,极显著地降低果面虫伤率.套袋可改变采收时的果面颜色,但不同果袋类型间存在差异.后熟完成时,果面均为品种固有颜色,不因果袋种类而改变.套袋能促进果实后熟转黄和果色均匀,能显著降低炭疽病的病果率,但不同果袋对蒂腐病的防效存在较大差异.套袋能提高可溶性固形物含量和减轻果实失重.供试品种用外黄内黑复合纸袋套袋效果最为理想.     

Protein security and food security in China

Food security, the need to meet nutritional requirements, and four main problems for food protein security in China are analyzed. From the perspective of residents’ nutritional requirements and balanced dietary patterns, the conclusion is that food security in China is in essence dependent on protein production and security of supply and that fat and carbohydrates supply in China can reach self-sufficiency. Considering the situation of food protein production and consumption in China, policy suggestions are made, which could ensure a balanced supply and demand for food protein and food security in China.