沟通技能态度量表中文版的信度和效度研究

目的 检验中文版沟通技能态度量表(the Chinese version of Communication Skills Attitude Scale,Ch-CSAS)的信度和效度.方法 采用委员会法,经前译、回译与跨文化调整形成Ch-CSAS,预试验后用于267名本科护理专业学生中,以检验其信度和效度.结果 Ch-CSAS为双因子结构,分别称为正向态度和负向态度.各因子及总表的克朗巴赫系数(α)分别为0.799、0.723、0.841,重测信度系数为0.894.结论 Ch-CSAS具有较好的测评属性,可用于对护理专业学生或护士的沟通技能态度的评价.     

河北省天然草地禾本科植物的生活型、生态型及区系分析

对河北省天然草地禾本科植物的生活型、生态型及区系特征进行了分析，结果表明，多年生草本为优势生活型，占78．4％；生态型以中生植物为主，占77．2％，旱生植物占16．0％，湿生植物仅占6．8％；植物区系成分多样，温带分布属最多达42属，占总属数的57．5％，其次为热带分布属，有24属，占32．9％。     

学龄期矮小儿童的自我意识水平探讨

目的:探讨学龄期矮小儿童的自我意识水平.方法:采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(Children selfconcept scale)和自制成长环境因素(家庭环境和学校环境)调查问卷,对在吉林大学第二医院儿童保健门诊就诊的60例矮小儿童及60例身高正常儿童进行测试及问卷调查,研究其自我意识水平并加以比较.结果:两组儿童在成长环境一致的情况下,矮小儿童组除焦虑因子外,其余各因子水平如行为、智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群、幸福与满足感及儿童自我意识总分均低于对照组各因子水平,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:学龄期矮小儿童的自我意识水平普遍偏低.医务工作者对学龄期矮小儿童在进行相关必要治疗的同时,其心理行为问题不可忽视,因此给予矮小儿童相关的心理行为健康指导十分必要.     

Characterization of MC1R and KIT Genotypes in Luchuan Pig Population

In order to assess the purity of Luchuan pig populations, four South Chinese local pig breeds including Putian Black pig, Yuedong Black pig, Dahuabai pig, Bama miniature pig and three foreign pig breeds including Duroc pig, Yorkshire pig and Landrace pig were studied as controls by sequencing of PCR products, MC1R and KIT genotypes in 56 Luchuan pigs were analyzed in this study. Sequencing results indicated that a splicing mutation (G>A) was presented in the first base in intron 17 of KIT gene in both Yorkshire pig and Landrace pig, in contrast, the wildtype GG of KIT gene was presented in Luchuan pig, four south Chinese local pig breeds and Duroc pig.Compared with Hainan wild boar, South Chinese local pig breeds had two missense mutations 95Val > Met and 102Leu > Pro in the coding region of MC1R gene;Compared with Yorkshire pig, Landrace pig and Duroc pig, South Chinese local pig breeds had 5 to 6 SNPs in MC1R gene 5'UTR, and in addtion, an A base deletion in MC1R gene 3'UTR. Furthermore, we found one litter of Luchuan pig with abnormal coat color.The results showed that the presentation of two distinct MC1R genotypes E^D1 and E^p in both litters and the sow,but only E^D1 in the boar. Considering E^p was derived from Pietrain pig, we preliminarily considered that the genome of the sow might be infiltrated with foreign pig breeds. In summary, we detected the genotypes of the coat color genes KIT and MC1R in eight pig breeds, confirmed the molecular differences of coat color between Chinese local pig breeds and foreign pig breeds, which could be useful for the further investigation of the molecular mechanism of pig coat color.     

Effects of bilirubin on oxygen free radicals and caspase-3 in acute lung injury rats

AIM:To investigate the mechanisms by which bilirubin inhibits acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS:30 female Wistar rats were divided into normal group, ALI group and bilirubin treatment group. ALI was induced by intravenous injection of LPS. The contents of OH^-, H₂O₂ and O₂^· in the lung as well as the expression of caspase-3 in the lungs were investigated. RESULTS:(1) The contents of OH^-, H₂O₂ and O₂^· in the lung homogenate and the expression of caspase-3 in the lungs in ALI group increased compared with those in normal group (P<0.05). (2) The contents of OH^-, H₂O₂ and O₂^· in the lung homogenate and the expression of caspase-3 in the lungs in bilirubin treatment group increased compared with those in normal group, but decreased compared with those in ALI models (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:(1) Bilirubin was shown to be able to ameliorate apoptosis in ALI rats. (2) The increase in the contents of OH^-, H₂O₂, O₂^· in ALI group indicated the development of oxidative lung injury, which was ameliorated by bilirubin. (3) Expression of caspase-3 confirmed that the model made by LPS was associated with apoptosis, which was reduced by bilirubin.     

上海市肉鸽沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及流行血清型和耐药性分析

为了解上海市农贸市场肉鸽群体中沙门氏菌流行血清型和耐药情况,本试验于2011-2014年间从上海市各区农贸市场采集肉鸽新鲜粪便样本92份,用XLD平板和沙门氏菌属显色培养基分离疑似沙门氏菌,革兰氏染色镜检并进行生化试验,共获得沙门氏菌24株,分离率为26.1%。采用Kauffmann-White法和K-B纸片法对24株沙门氏菌进行血清型鉴定和16种抗生素的药敏试验。血清型鉴定显示,24株沙门氏菌可分为鼠伤寒（66.7%）、阿贡纳（25.0%）和科瓦利斯（8.3%）3种血清型。药敏试验结果显示,有75.0%（18株）的分离株表现出不同程度耐药,其中分离株对四环素和磺胺异唑耐药率最高,均达到62.5%,其次为链霉素（58.3%）、萘啶酸（50.0%）、氨苄西林（20.8%）。多重耐药菌株15株（62.5%）,耐4种抗菌药物的菌株最多,占16.7%（7株）。另外,分离菌株对头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、头孢噻甲羧肟、亚胺培南、氧氟沙星等5种药物的敏感率为100.0%,对奥格门丁和环丙沙星有12.5%的中介敏感率。本研究结果表明,上海市肉鸽中沙门氏菌的携带率较高,且菌株多重耐药现象较严重,这为食品中沙门氏菌的防控工作带来较大的挑战和风险,肉鸽沙门氏菌的流行和耐药情况应值得密切关注。     

万年青炭疽病病原菌分离与鉴定

万年青炭疽病是万年青的重要病害之一,其病原菌的分类说法不一,本文按照柯赫氏法则的要求进行了分离培养和鉴定,鉴定结果为丛刺胶盘孢属Vermicularia的万年青炭疽刺盘孢菌Vermicularia （Colletotrichum） montemartinii Togn.Var.rhodeae Trav.。文中对病害的症状、病原菌分离培养及形态特征等作了描述。     

2种植物免疫诱抗剂对蔬菜种子萌发行为的试验研究

摘要：为明确植物免疫诱抗剂对种子萌发行为的影响,采用纸上法,设置不同浓度的0.5%几丁聚糖和1%香菇多糖,对番茄、黄瓜、辣椒、茄子种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数进行测定。结果表明：2种植物免疫诱抗剂对番茄、黄瓜、辣椒、茄子种子萌发均具有较好的促进效果,其中,1%香菇多糖对番茄、黄瓜和茄子种子萌发的效果优于0.5%几丁聚糖,1%香菇多糖800倍液处理的番茄和茄子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数3项指标均最高,分别为92.64%、75.06%、9.47和87.64%、72.24%和9.56,分别较对照组提高10.14百分点、11.78百分点、2.96和24.66百分点、20.06百分点、3.87;1%香菇多糖600倍液处理的黄瓜发芽率、发芽指数均最高,分别为95.15%、11.85,1%香菇多糖800倍液处理的黄瓜发芽势最高,为70.23%;0.5%几丁聚糖600倍液处理的辣椒发芽率、发芽势均最高,分别为99.12%、67.26,1%香菇多糖400倍液处理的辣椒发芽指数最高,为9.45。在田间育苗时,根据不同作物选择适宜浓度的植物免疫诱抗剂并随水施用,可促进种子萌发。     

变压器干燥处理方法研究

介绍了变压器干燥标准及常用方法,并就应用进行说明。     

甜菜碱在果树胁迫中的作用

甜菜碱是一种非毒性渗透调节物质,对维持逆境胁迫下果树的代谢和生存具有重要的生理意义,系统讨论了甜菜碱在植物胁迫条件下的作用机制。由于并非所有植物在胁迫条件下会产生内源甜菜碱,因此外源甜菜碱使植物获得抗性的研究受到广泛关注。现对不同途径添加外源甜菜碱在果树抗逆过程中所起的作用进行举例说明,试图为增强果树的抗逆性提供新的技术措施。