The long-term effects of thinning and mixing on species and structural diversity of Chinese fir plantations

New Forests - Plantations are playing an increasingly important role in providing forest products and improving the ecological environment, but they also face many challenges, such as low...     

桑椹菌核病病原及病害防治技术综述

\t\t\t\t\t目的\t\t\t\t\t旨在筛选用于桑葚菌核病防治的高效生物制剂,提高桑葚品质。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t方法\t\t\t\t\t通过田间试验,选用2×10⁸ CFU/g泰诺木霉菌(WP)、3%中生菌素(WP)、 47%春雷·王铜(WP)、3×10⁸ CFU/g哈茨木霉菌(WP)、 4%嘧啶核苷类抗生素(水剂) 5种生物制剂,每种生物制剂设3个浓度梯度,在桑树初花期、盛花期、谢花期分别用5种不同生物制剂不同稀释液喷施桑树。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结果\t\t\t\t\t5种生物制剂对桑葚菌核病具有不同程度的防效,且同一生物制剂随着药液浓度增加,防效呈上升趋势。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结论\t\t\t\t\t2×10⁸ CFU/g泰诺木霉菌可湿性粉剂300～800倍液对桑葚菌核病防效是69.76%～84.02%,与目前生产中应用的化学药剂腐霉利防效相当,因此可作为桑葚菌核病的防治药剂。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t     

植物疫情截获相关影响因素分析

文章从植物疫情截获途径、检验检疫工作内容和流程等方面入手,对植物疫情截获评价指标体系构建过程中应重点考虑的影响因素进行了分析与梳理,提出了影响植物疫情截获评价的直接和间接因素,并对其他可能影响评价效果的因素进行了讨论。     

3WZ-700型自走式果园风送定向喷雾机

针对现代果园低矮密植的种植特点,设计了3WZ-700型自走式果园风送定向喷雾机。通过理论计算和虚拟样机技术,完成整机结构设计和各关键部件技术参数的确定。设计了适应于低矮密植果园的圆环双流道风送雾化装置,确定叶轮直径0.7 m、出风口宽度0.13 m。实现风机转速0～2 000 r/min的无级变速。田间试验结果表明,树膛内部枝叶正、反面雾滴附着率分别为61.22%、20.90%;树膛外部枝叶正、反面雾滴附着率分别为77.22%、37.17%;作业效率为1.02 hm2/h。     

Phylogenetic analysis of S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China

Between 2006 and 2009, seven strains of infectious bronchitis (IB) virus (IBV) were isolated from vaccinated chicken flocks on different chicken farms in China. The pathogenic characters of seven IBV strains were assessed. Each of the seven strains was infective to the test chickens and could induce an immune response. The results from chicken embryo cross-neutralization assays showed that these strains were antigenically distinct from classic IBV strains of H120, M41, Conn, and Gray. Compared to H120 vaccine strain, point mutation, short insertion, and deletion occurred at many positions in the S1 protein of the seven strains. Five of the seven strains had the motif (HRRRR), which was identical to that of the epidemic IBV strains in China. Two new motifs (HRLRR and RRIRR) emerged in the isolated strains. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the S1 gene among the seven isolates was 81.7%-99.7% and 79.0%-99.4%, respectively. These seven strains were also genetically different from the vaccine strains and non-China IBV strains but closely related to large numbers of Chinese strains. The seven isolates and 36 reference IBV strains were clustered into six distinct groups (I-VI). The seven strains were categorized into groups I, II, and III, forming a big phylogenetic branch, which is closely related to Chinese IBVs, whereas the vaccine strains belonging to group VI are genetically distant from groups I, II, and III. The results from this study indicate that different IBV strains cocirculate in the chicken population in China.     

Construction of high-density linkage map and identification of QTLs associated with resistance to black rot in radish (Raphanus sativus) by RAD sequencing

High-density marker-based QTL mapping can serve as an effective strategy to identify novel genomic information to facilitate crop improvement. In this study, we genotyped an F₂ population (KB12-1 × PP12-1) using a RAD-seq approach and constructed a high-density linkage map for radish. After a series of filtering procedures were performed, 17,124 SNPs and 3,336 indels with aa × bb genotyping were retained to obtain bin markers. Then, a linkage map comprising a total of 1,221 bin markers in nine linkage groups spanning 1,467.3 cM with an average marker interval of 1.2 cM was constructed. We evaluated the resistance of the F₂ mapping population to black rot using F₃ progeny, and two major QTLs related to black rot resistance were identified based on this map. Among these QTLs, qBRR2 on Chr.2 explained 26.97% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score of 11.93, and qBRR7 on Chr.7 accounted for 27.06% of the phenotypic variation with a LOD score of 11.83. The additive effect of qBRR2 was positive (14.97); however, qBRR7 had the opposite effect (−11.99). The high-density linkage map and the major QTLs qBRR2 and qBRR7 provide new important information for disease resistance gene discovery and utilization in genetic improvement.     

一种甜瓜新症状病害的病原鉴定及其生物学特性

2018年在北京通州试验基地的一温室内发生一种甜瓜新症状病害,为了能够有效地控制该病害,采集典型发病植株进行病原菌分离纯化,测定其致病性;利用形态学特征和rDNA ITS序列分析法鉴定该病原菌种类,并测定其部分生物学特性.结果表明,该病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌甜瓜专化型Fusarium oxysporum f.sp melon...     

元江鲤与荷包红鲤的生态类型及其杂交后代(荷元鲤)经济性状的分析

以属于华南鲤Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus lacepede的高原河流性野生种元江鲤为父本与经人工选育的地方养殖种荷包红鲤为母本进行杂交获得的F1（荷元鲤），具有明显的杂种优势。     

老江河底栖动物变化动态及渔业利用

１９９１－１９９４年对老江河底栖动物进行了连续４ａ的季节采样,共获底栖动物３２各,其中寡毛类８种,水生昆虫１０种,软体动物１２种,其他２种,底栖动物年的均密度变动于２９７－３７３个／ｍ＾２,年龄生物量变动于８３．６１２－１８．２１７ｇ／ｍ＾２。对底栖动物的季节变动,多样性指数变化进行了分析,并对底栖动物的渔产潜力进行了估算。