不同温度下单相含蜡原油的蜡沉积规律

针对石油工业中的蜡沉积问题,利用冷指实验装置研究了单相含蜡原油体系冷却液温度、油流温度和同一温差不同温度区间对蜡沉积规律的影响,得到了单相含蜡原油蜡沉积规律的宏观特性,并利用高温气相色谱（HTGC）装置分析沉积物组分的宏观变化。在相同油温条件下,随着冷却液温度的升高,蜡沉积速率减小而沉积物中高碳数组分比例增大;在相同冷却液温度条件下,随着油温从凝点附近增大至析蜡点以上,蜡沉积量先减小后增加最后再减小,沉积物中高碳数组分比例增大;在同一温差条件下,随着温度区间温度的升高,蜡沉积量的变化有波动但油温在析蜡点附近沉积量达到最大值,沉积物中高碳数组分比例一直增大。针对实际管流,环境温度基本恒定,通过升高入口油温减少沉积的发生,因此,在含蜡原油管输中,入口油温的选取对整个管输过程中蜡沉积的形成以及形成后的清理很重要。根据实验结果,入口油温不是越高越好,应保证入口油温低于析蜡点且整个管输过程中高于凝点5℃左右。（图6,参12）     

川西变叶海棠的表型变异

以四川西部炉霍5个典型天然居群的变叶海棠为试材,调查了株高、胸径、冠幅、单果质量、叶面积等10项表型指标,分析了变叶海棠不同居群的表型变异幅度和变异模式。结果表明:不同居群的各项表型指标都存在显著差异;古比、玉麦比和然柳3个居群的株高、胸径、冠幅性状,格鲁居群的叶片性状,以及玉麦比居群的果实性状相对较为优良;各项指标在居群内和居群间均存在较大变异,除了冠幅和叶片宽,其他指标都呈居群间变异大于居群内变异;株高、胸径、叶面积、叶片长、叶片宽、单果质量、果实横轴、果实纵轴都与纬度呈负相关,果实、叶片性状与经度呈正相关,冠幅、叶片和果实性状与海拔呈显著的负相关。采取UPGMA法,以4.34为阈值用欧式距离把5个居群划分为3类。     

猕猴桃叶内矿质元素含量年生长季内的变化

对陕西主栽猕猴桃品种“秦美”不同枝类叶内８ 种矿质元素,在年生长季的含量变化进行了分析测定。结果表明,营养发育枝和短果枝叶内矿质元素含量在年生长季内的变化趋势相似,其中Ｎ,Ｐ,Ｋ 含量变化呈下降态,Ｍｎ,Ｃｌ含量呈上升态,Ｃｕ 的含量变化较小,Ｆｅ 的变幅较大,Ｚｎ 的含量呈交替升降变化;不同元素都有相对较为稳定的时期;对于猕猴桃叶片营养诊断,建议采样的枝条类型为营养发育枝中部的成熟叶片,采样时期为７～８ 月份     

A Medical Image Quantization Method Suited for PACS

Image compression is very important in picture archiving and communication system(PACS). The author studied the statistical distribution of image wavelet subimage coefficients and concluded that the distribution of wavelet subimage coefficients is similar to that of Laplasian distribution. On the other hand, in image reconstruction, the coefficient with different amplitude owns different weight, and different accuracy can be applied to different coefficients according to their different weight. Then, the author has designed a image quantization encoding scheme for PACS. In this scheme, they selected the sample-standard-deviation of coefficients in every subimage as the quantization threshold, and accurately encoded those coefficients with higher weight. Also, this algorithm utilized the visual character of human. The test has proved that the main advantages of this method are the simplicity in computing and predictable encoded coefficients, and a high compression efficiency can obtain too.     

天津泰达高羊茅草坪土壤水分动态研究

通过中子水分仪定期测定土壤含水量,得出高羊茅草坪土壤中水分的变化规律。结果表明,土壤水分状况分为3层,0~20 cm为活跃层,30~50 cm为次活跃层,50~100 cm为稳定层。草坪能够利用0~50 cm土层的水分,但是不能利用50 cm以下土层的水分。并确定出灌溉深度、灌溉饱和点和灌溉补偿点,为制定合理的草坪灌溉制度提供依据。     

桃酵母双杂交cDNA文库的构建及生长素响应因子4互作蛋白的筛选

[目的]为解析桃果实发育成熟的机制,通过构建成熟期前后桃果实的酵母双杂交cDNA文库,筛选生长素响应因子4的互作蛋白,探究生长素响应因子4对桃果实成熟过程的调控作用.[方法]以硬溶质桃(Prunus persica L.)'突围'为材料,提取果皮的总RNA,建立酵母双杂交cDNA文库,采用Mating法筛选生长素响应因子4的互作蛋白.[结果]构建的酵母双杂交cDNA文库的总库容量1.6×107CFU,重组率100％,插入片段平均长度大于1 000 bp.构建诱饵载体pGADT7-PpARF4重组质粒,在桃果实酵母双杂交cDNA文库中筛选互作的靶蛋白,共获得有潜在互作的蛋白26个,主要功能涉及信号转导与胁迫响应、器官的形成、大分子代谢及蛋白合成与修饰因子.[结论]试验建立的酵母双杂交cDNA文库质量较高,完整性较好,为后续筛选果实成熟相关蛋白奠定基础.     

稀土农用的经济效应和环境生态效应

从农业经济效应和环境生态效应二方面,论述了稀土肥料促进作物生长、发育,提高作物产量,改善作物品质的效应与机理;影响土壤区系中微生物种群数量和土壤脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶及蔗糖酶的功能,继而反馈调节作物生长;缓解酸雨、紫外辐射和重金属伤害作物的生态生理学效应;并以稀土在作物体内分布与富集规律为参考,探讨了稀土农用的安全性。实践证明,稀土农用只要严格控制剂量就能实现增强作物抗逆性和提高作物经济效益的目标。     

发根农杆菌诱导栝楼毛状根的研究

栝楼是一种重要的药用植物,提取物具有多种活性。以栝楼的无菌苗为材料,用A4、15834和LBA9402等3种发根农杆菌浸染茎段,诱导毛状根生成,并研究毛状根分化不定芽的条件。结果显示,3种农杆菌都能诱导栝楼毛状根产生,其中LBA9402诱导率最高,达到52%,且毛状根在6-BA 2.0 mg.L-1 KT 2.0 mg.L-1 NAA 0.5 mg.L-1的培养基上,不定芽分化率达到了24%。对毛状根进行基因组DNA提取,PCR扩增检测出rolB基因的存在,初步证明R i质粒T-DNA已经整合到栝楼基因组中。     

高产土壤条件下双季杂交稻施磷效应研究

为完善双季稻超高产栽培技术体系,以湖南省醴陵市高产稻田土壤－河沙泥为供试土壤,杂交早稻Ｖ４０２和杂交晚稻Ｖ６４４为供试作物,对不同施磷水平的杂交稻和土壤效应进行了研究。结果表明,在高产土壤条件下,施磷仍能促进水稻提早分蘖,增大水稻生育前期的干物质纱量和对氮、磷、钾的吸收量,但对水稻中、后期的干物质积累和氮、磷、钾的吸收无促进作用。施磷处理水稻－生中地上部干特总量稻谷产量与不施磷处理无明显差异。施磷     

Repression of SFRP5 promoter activity by hepatitis B virus X protein

AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanism that hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) inhibits the promoter activity of secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5). METHODS: Serial truncated fragments of SFRP5 promoter were amplified and cloned into luciferase reporter vector pGL3-Basic. LO2 cells were transfected with recombinants, and then infected with the adenoviral vector expressing HBx protein (Ad-HBx) or the analogous adenovirus expressing green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP) for control. The infection efficiency was examined under a fluorescence microscope and the activity of SFRP5 promoter was measured by luciferase assay. RESULTS: Truncated fragments of SFRP5 promoter were successfully constructed. Compared with the pGL3-Basic control, the luciferase activity was 6.32±0.04 of the -478 bp~+47 bp fragment, 5.79±0.32 of the -811 bp~+47 bp fragment, 3.59±0.34 of the -1 235 bp~+47 bp fragment, 3.86±0.39 of the -1 677 bp~+47 bp fragment and 3.26±0.42 of the -2 072 bp~+47 bp fragment, respectively. Overexpression of HBx inhibited the activity of SFRP5 promoter. The average inhibitory rates were 44% for -478 bp~+47b, 46% for -811 bp~+47 bp, 28% for -1 235 bp~+47 bp, 24% for -1 677 bp~+47 bp and 40% for -2 072 bp~+47 bp, respectively. CONCLUSION: HBx suppresses the activity of SFRP5 promoter, leading to down-regulation of SFRP5 expression.