Pharmacokinetics of altrenogest in gilts

Altrenogest, a synthetic progestogen, is characterized by its estrus synchronization in mares, ewes, sows, and gilts. To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile and evaluate its accumulation in gilts, 18 oral doses of 20 mg altrenogest/gilt/day were given to eight healthy gilts at an interval of 24 hr. Plasma samples were collected, and altrenogest was determined by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. WinNonlin 6.4 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters through noncompartmental model analysis. After the first administration (D 1), the pharmacokinetic parameters, including T_max, C_max, and the elimination half‐life (T_1/2λz), were similar to those observed after the final administration (D 18). However, the mean residence time at D 1 was significantly lower than D 18. As a whole, the mean steady‐state plasma concentration (C_ss), degree fluctuation (DF), accumulation factor (R_ac), and area under the plasma concentration–time curve in steady state (AUC_ss) were 22.69 ± 6.15 ng/ml, 270.64 ± 42.51%, 1.53 ± 0.23, and 544.63 ± 147.49 ng hr/ml, respectively. These results showed that after 18 consecutive days of oral administration of altrenogest, plasma concentrations of altrenogest had a certain degree of fluctuation, without significant accumulations.     

氨基色谱柱测定蜂蜜中4种糖方法研究

《中国药典》(2015年)蜂蜜中规定:用Prevail Carbohyrate ES色谱柱,以乙腈-水(75:25)为流动相,示差折光检测器测定蜂蜜中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖及麦芽糖。此次试验证明用普通氨基色谱柱替代Prevail Carbohyrate ES色谱柱,待测组分与其他组分分离良好,精密度试验满足要求,回收率试验结果大于93%,结果准确、可靠,普通氨基柱可替代Prevail Carbohyrate ES色谱柱,用于蜂蜜中糖类物质的测定。     

利用后裔测定验证大白猪基因组选择实施效果研究

旨在通过测定基因组选择选留的大白公猪的后裔生产性能,探究基因组选择实际育种效果。本研究选用913头大白猪构建参考群体,利用ssGBLUP对新出生的823头大白公猪在去势前进行第一次基因组评估,待生产性能测定后进行第二次基因组评估,最终选留10头性能差异显著的公猪留种,比较其后代生长性状表型和育种值及综合选择指数差异。结果表明,两次基因组遗传评估,达100 kg体重日龄、100 kg活体背膘厚和总产仔数3个性状基因组育种值（GEBV）估计准确性分别由0.56、0.67和0.64提高至0.73、0.73和0.67,两次基因组选择基因组母系指数相关系数为0.82,表明在去势前进行公猪基因组选择具有较高的准确性,可实现种猪早期选择。根据各性状GEBV和基因组母系指数,10头公猪被划分为高、低生产性能组,后裔测定成绩表明,两组公猪后代100 kg体重日龄表型均值之差为2.58 d,育种值之差为3.08 d,100 kg活体背膘厚表型均值之差为1.15 mm,育种值之差为1.03 mm,综合母系指数均值之差为9.3,除后代100 kg体重日龄表型均值之差外,其他差异均达到极显著水平。本研究证明,在基因组评估中具有显著差异的公猪其后代在表型值和育种值等方面均存在显著差异,通过基因组选择能够挑选出优秀种公猪,可将其遗传优势传递给后代。     

锡林郭勒盟草原三维数字模型的建立

为了推动草原信息化管理的进一步发展,本研究基于现代化信息技术,主要运用3D-GIS技术、遥感技术、仿真技术等相关技术,以具有典型草原代表性的锡林郭勒盟为示范区,建立了虚拟草原三维数字模型。该研究首先依据草地生态学原理,对草原生态系统信息数据(基础图件及属性数据)进行筛选;然后对筛选后的空间数据进行叠加并建立其与属性数据的关联;最后将草原生态信息镶嵌于三维数字模型之中,实现了在草原三维数字模型中进行草原生态信息查询分析功能。结果表明,运用C/C++语言调用OpenGL图形库从底层开发的草原三维数字模型快捷稳定,渲染速度快,可方便地动态查询示范区草原地理信息,为进一步地研究三维虚拟草原提供技术支持。     

马铃薯渣作培养代料的两种侧耳属食用菌菌糠中两种饲用酶活性的检测研究

本研究以培养代料含马铃薯渣的凤尾菇菌糠、小白侧耳菌糠为研究对象,检测其中植酸酶及β-葡聚糖酶的酶活。凤尾菇菌糠植酸酶酶活在pH2.5下为0.0822U/g,在pH5.2下为0.0786U/g。小白侧耳菌糠植酸酶酶活在pH2.5下为0.1052U/g,在pH5.2下为0.1027U/g。凤尾菇菌糠β-葡聚糖酶酶活0.0260U/g,侧耳β-葡聚糖酶酶活为0.0354U/g。结果表明,加入马铃薯渣做培养代料的凤尾菇、小白侧耳菌糠具有一定的饲用酶活性,用其作禽畜饲料加工时,可适量减少饲用酶的加入量,以节约成本。     

蚕粪中提取叶绿素铜钠盐的稳定性研究

以蚕粪为原料,95%的乙醇为溶剂提取叶绿素,并通过化学法制得叶绿素的铜纳盐。采用721分光光度计对叶绿素铜钠盐进行定性、定量测定,确定该色素测定系统中的最大波长为414nm。通过测量吸光值研究了几种常用食品添加剂对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响,并对其耐光、耐热、耐酸碱及耐氧化性、耐还原性进行探讨。结果表明:叶绿素铜钠盐在70℃以下稳定性较好;光照对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响较大;还原剂(Na2S2O3)对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响较大,氧化剂在短时间内对其稳定性的影响不大,但放置的时间不宜超过30min;叶绿素铜钠盐在pH值为6以上的溶液中较为稳定,且有机酸及单糖对其稳定性无明显影响。     

浙江省缙云县农机服务专业合作社发展现状与对策

为发挥农机服务专业合作社在浙江省缙云县农业生产中的作用,归纳总结了缙云县农机服务专业合作社发展的现状和成效,并对该县当前农机服务专业合作社发展存在的问题进行了分析,在此基础上提出了加快发展缙云县农机服务专业合作社的相关措施建议。      

EM发酵鸡粪喂猪试验

为开发鸡粪再生饲料资源、降低饲料成本和研究EM微生物制剂发酵鸡粪的功效，我们对45～90kg阶段的肉猪进行了EM发酵鸡粪饲喂试验。使用25％发酵鸡粪的试验猪的效果及与对照猪(用100％的饲料)的比较如下：1kg增重耗料3.1kg(除去鸡粪)，降低11.4％，日增重638.9g，降低5.7％，1kg增重饲料成本3.88元，降低7.6％，头均增重饲料成本182.94元，降低了43.38元。使用50％发酵鸡粪的试验猪的效果与对照猪的比较如下：1kg增重耗料2.4kg(除去鸡粪)，降低31.4％，日增重551.4g，降低18.6％，1kg增重饲料成本3.48元，降低17.1％，头均饲料成本138.07元，降低85.83元。此外，试验猪舍蝇蚊减少，臭味减轻。     

比利时牧羊犬

<正>我国的养犬爱好者,对比利时牧羊犬(Belgian Shepherd Dog)的认识多半是来自比利时马里努阿犬(Belgian Malinois)。因为自20世纪末期开始,我国逐年进口马里努阿犬,尤其公安、军队、武警、海关等行业,     

Selection and Evaluation of Indexes Commonly Used to Determine Contamination with T-2 Toxin in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei by the Grey Relational Method

Abstract

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of the mycotoxin T-2 toxin in feed on muscle performance in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, evaluate indexes of physiological variables that indicate T-2 toxin contamination in the shrimp using the grey relational method, and determine the dose–response relationships between T-2 toxin and the indexes. Of the 6 physical, 7 biochemical, and 17 nutritional indexes examined, the values of the grey relational coefficients were highest for the hepatopancreas: body weight ratio (HBR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, and serine (SER) content (0.83, 0.68, and 0.82, respectively). Therefore, the HBR, ALT activity, and SER content were selected as appropriate indexes for contamination of Pacific white shrimp muscle with T-2 toxin. Based on their dose–response relationship curves, mean effective doses of 1.45, 1.69, and 1.33 mg of T-2 toxin/kg of feed were obtained for the HBR, ALT activity, and SER content, respectively. These results offer technical reference points for the evaluation and control of T-2 toxin in shrimp feed.

Received April 28, 2016 accepted April 9, 2017 Published online July 26, 2017