Autophagy induces mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons from neonatal rats with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

AIM: To explore the influence of autophagy on the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in the neurons in a neonatal rat hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) model. METHODS: Ten-day-old rat pups (n=30) were randomly divided into sham group and model group. The rats in the latter group were subject to hypoxia-ischemia treatment via unilateral common carotid artery ligation. The rats were sacrificed for brain pathological examination, and the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B-II were detected by immunohistochemical analysis. For the in vitro experiments, the autophagy of primarily cultured rat neurons was observed after hypoxia, and Western blot and mitochondrial function testing were also performed. RESULTS: Compare with sham group, the hypoxia-ischemia treatment caused atrophy and apoptosis of neurons, and ventricular area enlargement of rat brains. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated significantly higher levels of apoptosis- and autophagy-associated proteins, such as cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B-II (P<0.01). In vitro experiments demonstrated that hypoxia induced autophagy and apoptosis in the neurons. Compared with sham group, there were higher levels of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide, and lower mitochondrial membrane potential in the model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: In neonatal HIE rat model, the hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is related to apoptosis and autophagy. It will provide a new idea for administration of autopahgy inducer agents in treatment of HIE.     

磷化氢熏杀其抗性害虫实仓试验

用磷化铝片对储藏在房式仓（仓容５１６ｍ３）中的４００ｔ散装小麦进行熏蒸。储 不小麦水分为１１．５％,储藏平均温度为２９．３℃,小麦用ＰＶＣ（厚度０．１２５ｍｍ）复盖。熏 蒸期间用磷化氢检测管测定ＰＨ3浓度。采用１．０３ｋｇ磷化铝片（可释放０．３４ｋｇ磷化氢） 分成小包进行熏蒸,磷化氢最高值为 １． ０ｍｇ／Ｌ。熏蒸 １６天的 ＣＴ值为 ２１３ｍｇ· ｈ／Ｌ。用 敏感和抗性品系的米象和谷蠹进行生物试验表明．熏蒸１个月后所有的成虫都死亡;熏 蒸４２天所有中度抗性的谷蠹没有发现Ｆ１代成虫出现．米象的印和蛹不能发育为成虫。     

检疫性有害生物发生程度评估方法的建立

通过对检疫性有害生物的发生危害情况进行综合分析研究,揭示了一套检疫性病、虫、杂草的发生面积统计标准以及发生程度4级评估方法,并利用该方法制作了2000～2002年广西23种检疫性有害生物疫情发生情况图.     

高温条件下芥蓝菜薹色泽的形成

通过对高温条件下3个芥蓝品种菜薹色素及其相关因素研究,结果表明:芥蓝菜薹的叶绿素、花青苷和类黄酮含量尖叶夏芥蓝均为最高,荷塘芥蓝次之,中花芥蓝最低。尖叶夏的有机酸含量最高,中花次之,荷塘最低。花青苷含量较高的品种,其苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性也比较高。芥蓝菜薹表皮色泽是叶绿素、类黄酮和花青苷等色素的综合表现,并受表皮酸碱性的影响。     

‘丰香’草莓叶片高效再生体系的建立

 以草莓主栽品种丰香( Fragaria ×ananassa Duch ‘Toyonoka’) 叶片为外植体, 研究了影响组织培养的多个因素, 建立了高效再生体系。结果表明: MS + TDZ 1.5 mg·L ^{- 1} + IBA 0.4 mg·L ^{- 1}培养基最适于不定芽分化。不同滤光膜(绿膜、红膜、蓝膜、黄膜) 对草莓不定芽的分化具显著效应, 绿膜和红膜对芽的分化有明显促进作用, 不定芽再生率达95%以上, 平均每个外植体再生芽数在25个以上; 而蓝膜和黄膜则不利于芽的分化。不同滤光膜光谱差异主要集中在300～700 nm, 红、绿膜在该波段光强较弱,而黄、蓝膜和荧光灯较强。暗处理4周比1、2、3周更有利于提高叶片的不定芽再生率, 此后转到光下培养, 获得的不定芽再生率可达100%。     

One new sesquiterpene from Saussurea laniceps

One new guaiane-type sesquiterpene (1) was isolated from Saussurea laniceps. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. The immunomodulatory activity of compound 1 was evaluated. It was found that compound 1 showed significant inhibition for proliferation of murine T cells in vitro.     

广西杂交稻区试组合的抗白叶枯病鉴定

杂交稻具有大幅度提高水稻单位面积产量的潜力,但所应用的杂交稻组合对稻瘟病和白叶枯病必须具有一定的抗性。为了充分发挥杂交稻的增产作用和运用抗病的杂交稻组合达到防治稻白叶枯病发生为害的目的,作者于1981～1995年对本院水稻所杂交稻区     

Periplaneta americana peptide decreases apoptosis of pig-ovary granulosa cells induced by H2O2 through FoxO1

Oxidative stress can induce apoptosis of granulosa cells and lead to follicular atresia, thereby reducing the number of pigs giving birth. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Periplaneta americana peptide (PAP) on the apoptosis of the granulosa cells of pig ovaries (PGCs) induced by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) via FoxO1. PGCs were treated with H₂O₂ to establish a cell apoptosis model. Cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and nitric oxide (NO) content were detected to reflect the oxidative stress. Western blotting, qRT-PCR and overexpression were undertaken to determine the expression of FoxO1 and caspase-3, and immunofluorescence was used to detect FoxO1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. PGCs were treated with 100 μM H₂O₂ for 6 hr, which resulted in oxidative damage and apoptosis and an apoptosis rate for PGCs of 32.95%. Next, PGCs were treated with 400 μg/ml PAP for 24 hr to repair the apoptosis induced by H₂O₂. PAP improved cell viability in H₂O₂-stimulated PGCs, the increased MDA level and NO content caused by H₂O₂ stimulation were reversed and the apoptotic rate of PGCs was reduced. The qRT-PCR and Western blotting results indicated that PAP decreased the H₂O₂-induced apoptosis and the expression of FoxO1 and caspase-3 in PGCs. The effect of PAP was the same following FoxO1 overexpression. FoxO1 was expressed in the nucleus when stimulated by H₂O₂ or overexpression; however, it migrated to the cytoplasm following PAP treatment. PAP decreased the apoptosis of PGCs induced by H₂O₂ by regulating FoxO1 expression and nuclear translocation.     

关于G-f-η单调算子的完全广义非线性隐似变分包含问题

在Hilbert空间中介绍和研究了一类包含G-η单调算子、A单调算子和H单调算子的G-f-η单调算子.利用G-f-η单调算子的性质及广义预解算子技巧,给出了一类完全广义非线性隐似变分包含可解性的证明.     

乙草胺、甲胺磷及其复合对土壤真菌种群的毒性效应

农药的施用会对土壤非靶向微生物的数量、种群结构产生影响,目前关于这方面的研究主要集中在土壤细菌,而真菌的较少.以从中科院海伦生态站采集的农田黑土作为实验土壤,采用室内模拟和PCR-DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)的方法,考察北方常用的除草剂乙草胺和杀虫剂甲胺磷对真菌多样性和种群结构的影响.设定对照,乙草胺3个浓度单独处理(50、150、250 mg·kg-1),甲胺磷3个浓度单独处理(50、150、250 mg·kg-1)和它们复合的9个处理,共16个处理.结果表明,乙草胺单独作用时,增加了土壤真菌的多样性,并且对真菌多样性和种群结构的影响在第1周尤为显著,处理8周后呈恢复的趋势.甲胺磷单独作用时对土壤真菌多样性起抑制作用,使真菌种群结构发生了改变,随着培养时间的延长,其对真菌影响也逐渐减弱,真菌种群多样性和结构在处理8周后可部分恢复.乙草胺与甲胺磷相复合时,土壤真菌多样性的变化因两种农药浓度组合的不同而不同.在培养初期多数复合处理降低了土壤真菌的多样性,至末期时多数处理可增加真菌的多样性.对种群结构的影响在第1周时,中、高浓度甲胺磷与乙草胺的复合以甲胺磷为主导因子,第8周时乙草胺与低、中浓度甲胺磷复合时起到主导作用,经8周培养后,各复合处理土壤真菌种群结构并未恢复到对照水平,复合处理比单因子的生态效应要强,作用方式更复杂.