在体外模拟瘤胃发酵条件下N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸稳定性的研究

通过两个试验,研究在体外模拟瘤胃发酵条件下N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸的降解率。试验1:N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸在pH值6.5、温度为39℃的缓冲液中孵育9h,其降解率为3.3%。试验2:运用瘤胃体外发酵技术研究N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸不同添加量对pH值、氨态氮、微生物蛋白动态变化的影响。结果表明,添加0.4、0.6gN-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸发酵3～6h,均能够显著降低体系的pH值;添加0.6gN-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸发酵12h能够显著提高氨态氮的浓度;N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸在发酵过程中不影响微生物蛋白产量。以上结果显示,N-乙酰-DL-蛋氨酸在体外模拟瘤胃发酵的条件下可以稳定存在。     

聚丙烯腈／丝素共混溶液的制备及其性质

聚丙烯腈(Polyacrylonitrile,简写PAN)纤维俗名腈纶,是较早实现工业化生产的合成纤维之一。目前产量在世界合纤总量中的比例约排在第四位。腈纶具有良好的耐光、耐候、耐热及耐辐射性,而且其蓬松性和保暖性可与羊毛媲美,素有“合成羊毛”之称。腈纶的优良性能使其在服装、装饰、产业三大领域都有应用。腈纶     

卵黄免疫球蛋白的应用进展

卵黄免疫球蛋白是一种来源丰富的多克隆抗体。由于卵黄抗体不能激活哺乳动物的补体系统,不与哺乳动物的Fc受体、类风湿因子、葡萄球菌蛋白A和葡萄球菌蛋白G结合,因而作为诊断试剂具有较高的敏感性。卵黄抗体具有良好的免疫活性,作为防治药物具有见效快,疗效高,无毒副作用,无残留等优点,目前卵黄抗体已得到了广泛应用。本文综述了卵黄抗体在动物病毒性疾病、细菌性疾病和寄生虫病诊断、预防和治疗等方面的应用及前景。     

犬乳腺肿瘤病的诊治1例

乳腺肿瘤是母犬最为常见的一类疾病,老龄母犬多见,公犬少见。美国的一项调查发现,乳腺肿瘤占犬类所有肿瘤的13．4％,而这些肿瘤有41．7名发生于未节育的母犬。据统计,纯种犬发病率高于杂种犬。肿瘤中恶性肿瘤约占40％。     

“赛豹”追踪侦破女尸案

2010年以来,云南红河州个旧市一些不法分子大肆对锡矿石进行盗抢,给国家造成重大经济损失。为此,个旧市委、市政府决定对矿山进行一次专项整治,制止大规模集体盗抢违法行为的发生,个旧市公安局于3月12日抽调了4头警犬进驻治安较为复杂的1800矿区参与治安专项整治,掀开了矿山整治的序幕。目前,1800矿区的盗抢案件大幅度下降,警犬在专项整治中发挥了重要作用,收到了良好成效。     

不同神经类型德国牧羊犬鉴别训练初探

德国牧羊犬是世界各国警方常用的犬种,它以兴奋性高、嗅觉灵敏、工作欲望强、警用特点显著而活跃在警务活动的各个领域,尤其是在气味鉴别这一领域.本文通过对兴奋型、活泼型、安静型等神经类型德国牧羊犬的鉴别训练情况进行比较分析,进而找到最适合鉴别训练神经类型的德国牧羊犬,以缩短鉴别训练周期,提高工作效率.     

弱胎仔犬浅议

弱胎是在犬的繁殖过程中经常遇到的问题。部分初生仔犬在体重、体质、哺乳能力和抗逆性等方面弱于正常仔犬,生活能力低下,死亡几率较高,我们把这部分仔犬称为弱胎仔犬。据不完全统计,弱胎仔犬占仔犬总数10%～20%左右。当同窝仔犬总数在5个以下时,弱胎现象表现得并不明显,同窝仔     

怎样正确购买受体牛

胚胎移植成功与否受体牛选择占有举足轻重的作用,下面谈谈怎样正确购买和选择受体牛。1品种受体牛品种的选择是做胚胎移植时应该首先考虑的问题。本地品种做受体会出现下列问题:受体牛体格小难产率高;由于都是役用牛产奶量很低,所产的牛乳不够犊牛吃;如是杂交牛,生殖器官发育往     

Mutant-prevention concentrations of enrofloxacin for Escherichia coli isolates from chickens

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development of enrofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli isolates obtained from chickens by determining mutant-prevention concentrations (MPCs) and sequence the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC genes in selected isolates. SAMPLE POPULATION: 15 chicken-derived E coli isolates. PROCEDURES: For all isolates, MPC and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of enrofloxacin were determined. The MPCs and maximum serum drug concentrations attained with enrofloxacin doses recommended for treatment of E coli infections in chickens were compared. Mutation frequencies and QRDR sequence changes in gyrA and parC were also determined. RESULTS: In 2 of 15 E coli strains, MPCs were low (0.016 and 0.062 microg/mL), MPC:MIC ratios were 2 and 4, and the GyrA and ParC proteins had no mutations. In 9 susceptible isolates with a GyrA point mutation, MPCs ranged from 2 to 16 microg/mL. For isolates with double mutations in GyrA and a single mutation in ParC, MPCs were > 32 microg/mL (several fold greater than the maximal plasma concentration of enrofloxacin in chickens); mutation frequencies were also much lower, compared with frequencies for single-mutation isolates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For E coli infections of chickens, MPC appears to be useful for determining enrofloxacin-dosing strategies. The high MPC:MIC ratio may result in enrofloxacin-treatment failure in chickens infected with some wild-type gyrA E coli isolates despite the isolates' enrofloxacin susceptibility (MICs 0.125 to 1 microg/mL). For infections involving isolates with high MPCs, especially those containing mutations in gyrA and parC genes, treatment with combinations of antimicrobials should be adopted.     

L-arginine prevents reduced expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in pulmonary arterioles of broilers exposed to cool temperatures

This study investigated nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in the endothelium of pulmonary arterioles of broilers during the development of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS). PHS was triggered by exposing broilers to sub-thermoneutral (cool) temperatures and an additional 1.0% L-arginine was added to the basal diet to evaluate the effects of supplemental L-arginine on nitric oxide (NO) production, endothelial NOS expression, and the incidence of PHS. Cumulative mortality from PHS, right/total ventricle weight ratios (RV/TV), and body weights were recorded. Plasma NO concentration and NOS expression in the endothelium of pulmonary arterioles with an outer diameter ranging from 100 to 200 microm were determined. Birds exposed to cool temperatures had increased pulmonary hypertension and PHS mortality and diminished endothelial NOS expression. Supplemental dietary L-arginine reduced PHS mortality and elicited higher NOS expression within the pulmonary endothelium coincident with elevated NO production. The results demonstrated that broilers developing PHS exhibited diminished NOS expression in the endothelium of their pulmonary arterioles. Supplemental L-arginine prevented the reduced expression of NOS in the pulmonary endothelium, which might contribute to the increased production of NO by the pulmonary vasculature.