表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对大豆分离蛋白凝胶的影响

为改善大豆分离蛋白(SPI)凝胶的强度,在SPI热诱导或酶诱导形成凝胶过程中添加表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG),制备EGCG/SPI凝胶体系.通过表面疏水性、自由巯基含量、内源荧光光谱和圆二色谱分析体系中SPI的结构改变,发现EGCG的添加提高了SPI的表面疏水性和自由巯基含量,蛋白质链展开,出现松弛和拉伸,分子柔性增加.圆二色谱结果表明无序结构(β-转角和无规卷曲)含量明显增加,β-折叠含量明显减少.进一步研究了热诱导和酶诱导下EGCG/SPI凝胶体系的形成作用力、凝胶强度、流变学特性、持水力及表面形貌的变化,结果表明,EGCG的添加增强了热凝胶中的氢键、疏水相互作用和二硫键,EGCG/SPI凝胶具有更高的持水力、凝胶强度和储存模量,以及更为紧密的三维网络结构.     

芦丁和IAA对绿豆黄化幼苗伸长的影响及对相关基因的RT-PCR

就芦丁(20~100μg/mL)、IAA(0.5~2.0μg/mL)及芦丁(40μg/mL)加IAA(0.5~2.0μg/mL)对绿豆黄化幼苗伸长的影响进行了研究.结果表明,芦丁对黑暗中生长的绿豆黄化幼苗下胚轴和胚根的伸长均有抑制作用,添加IAA促进了这种抑制作用.RT-PCR扩增产物的分析表明,绿豆黄化幼苗经芦丁和IAA分别处理或混合处理之后,其体内吲哚氨基酸水解酶基因、吲哚-3-甘油磷酸合成酶基因及查尔酮合成酶基因的表达在不同处理间表现出差异和多态性,芦丁处理后,其吲哚-3-甘油磷酸合成酶基因不表达.不同的RNA提取程序的比较认为,异硫氰酸胍有助于绿豆黄化幼苗RNA的提取.RT-PCR反应中不同退火温度的比较显示,较高的退火温度(60℃)有助于特异性扩增.     

履带式农机设计及其爬坡运动学仿真

四川丘陵地区平均坡度为18°,适合北方平原地区的农业机械难以适用.结合丘陵地形特点,针对履带式农机在坡道行驶的稳定性问题,利用三维建模技术,建立履带农机车体的三维模型,在多体动力学软件Recur-dyn/Track(LM)中建立履带行走机构模型,并建立农机行驶稳定性数学模型.基于多体动力学软件Recurdyn对农机稳定...     

农村金融组织体系改革与完善的研究Ⅱ—农村金融组织体系？…

分别就农村金融组织体系中的商业性金融、政策性金融、农村信用合作社和农业保险等同改革与完善提出相应的对策,以发挥农村金融体系的整体作用支持农业和农村经济的发展。     

农业高校教师工作满意度的实证研究

以农业高校教师为研究对象,通过问卷调查,对教师的工作满意度现状、影响因素进行了分析。研究显示,当前农业高校教师的工作满意度整体不高;上级管理、发展机会、生活条件正向影响工作满意度,工作压力负向影响工作满意度,而人际关系则可以显著调节上述关系。据此,提出了提高教师工作满意度的对策。     

重金属迁移与土壤性质的关系

Cu, Zn, Pb and Hg runoff from yellow limestone soil and purple soils and the relationships between the mobility of the heavy metals and the soil characteristics were studied in laboratory using a rainfall simulator. The results showed that the concentrations of soluble Zn in surface runoff were significantly negatively correlated with the contents of < 0.002 mm particles and CEC of the soils, indicating that Zn was mostly adsorbed by clays in the soils. The contents of Cu and Hg in surface runoff were positively related to their contents in the soils. The amounts of Cu, Zn, Pb and Hg removed by surface runoff were influenced by the amounts of soil and water losses and their contents in the soils, and were closely related to the contents of soil particles 1~0.02 mm in size.     

不同类型蔬菜中矿质元素含量的比较研究

采用火焰原子分光光度法,测定了保定市市售的3种类型共16种蔬菜中的Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 5种矿质元素,为指导人们日常饮食提供科学依据.结果表明:不同类型蔬菜中矿质元素含量不同,叶菜类蔬菜中的(Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量高于果菜类蔬菜、根茎类蔬菜;而不同品种的蔬菜其矿质元素的含量也存在很大差异,油菜中的Ca和Mn含量最高,分别为7.6 g/100g和8.98 mg/100g;Zn含量最高的为香麦16.72 mg/100g,其次为菠菜12.63 mg/100g,洋白菜的Zn含量最低仅为0.73 mg/100g;菠菜中Fe含量最高138.43 mg/100g,其次为香麦111.11 mg/100g.综合分析结果,香麦、菠菜、油菜的Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量要高于其它种类的蔬菜.     

小金蝠蛾酚氧化酶原基因的克隆及表达分析

通过逆转录PCR技术克隆获得小金蝠蛾(Thitarodes xiaojinensis)幼虫酚氧化酶原(TxPPO)基因cDNA的部分序列,对其进行生物信息学分析及组织表达谱分析。克隆该基因cDNA所得的部分序列长度为2654 bp,其CDS全长为2 070 bp,编码的蛋白质由689个氨基酸残基组成,预测分子质量为79.31 ku、等电点为5.91,无信号肽。进一步对TxPPO氨基酸序列分析及系统发育树构建,发现该基因与其他鳞翅目昆虫酚氧化酶原-2(PPO2)聚为一支,同源性较高,相似度为62.45%～63.61%。此外,TxPPO含有与其他鳞翅目昆虫PPO相似的丝氨酸蛋白酶酶切位点、thiolester-like位点、3个保守的血蓝蛋白结构域、2个高度保守的铜离子结合位点及位于铜离子结合位点内的6个保守的组氨酸残基。通过实时荧光定量PCR及Western blot方法对PPO基因在小金蝠蛾幼虫各组织中的表达情况进行检测,RT-qPCR结果显示,该基因在小金蝠蛾幼虫的血细胞中转录水平最高,其次为头部、脂肪体、表皮、中肠组织;Western blot检测结果表明,该蛋白分布于小金蝠蛾幼虫的血浆、头部、表皮组织及中肠组织中,而未在脂肪体检测到其分布。     

Irbesartan alleviates hepatic steatosis in db/db mice by inducing auto-phagy

AIM: To investigate the effect of irbesartan on the fatty liver of db/db mice and whether autophagy is involved in the process. METHODS: Male db/db mice (n=24) were randomly divided into model group and irbesartan group, and 12 db/m mice with similar age and weight were selected as normal control group. After 16 weeks of intervention respectively, the fatty liver-related parameters including body weight, liver index, blood lipid, liver function and pathological changes in the liver were observed. The protein levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR, as well as Atg-7, beclin-1 and LC3B in the liver tissues were detected by Western blot, and the autophagosomes in the liver were observed under electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, the body weight, liver index, blood lipids, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase were decreased in irbesartan group (P<0.05). Moreover, the pathological changes in the liver were significantly ameliorated in irbesartan group than that of model group. Importantly, the protein levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR were decreased with irbesartan administration, while the expression of Atg-7, beclin-1 and LC3B-Ⅱ was increased(P<0.05), which resulted in a distinct increase in autophagosomes. CONCLUSION: Irbesartan alleviates hepatic steatosis in db/db mice by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and upregulating the protein expression of Atg-7, beclin-1 and LC3B-Ⅱ, thereby inducing autophagy in hepatocytes.     

壳聚糖对淡水白鲳生长和非特异性免疫功能的影响

配制添加不同浓度壳聚糖(0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%)的6组实验饲料,网箱养殖淡水白鲳(Colossoma brachypomum)(82.26±5.13)g 60 d,探讨壳聚糖对淡水白鲳生长、非特异性免疫功能的影响和其在饲料中的适宜添加量。结果表明:0.6%组末体重、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率显著高于0、0.2%、0.4%和1.0%组(P<0.05);0.6%、0.8%和1.0%组脏体比显著低于0、0.2%和0.4%组(P<0.05);0.6%、0.8%和1.0%组肝体比显著低于0组(P<0.05);0.6%组溶菌酶活性最高,显著高于0和0.2%组(P<0.05);0.6%组超氧化物歧化酶活性最高,显著高于其它组(P<0.05);0.6%组酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于0和0.2%组(P<0.05);用嗜水气单胞菌对淡水白鲳进行攻毒后的14 d内,0.6%、0.8%和1.0%组的死亡率显著低于0组(P<0.05)。综合各项实验指标,淡水白鲳饲料中添加适量的壳聚糖能提高其生长性能、饲料利用率、非特异性免疫功能以及抗嗜水气单胞菌感染能力,适宜添加量0.6%~0.8%。