日本牛的遗传资源

本文扼要回顾了日本牛种资源的发展历史;介绍了日本牛的遗传资源状况和各主要牛种的特征特性;从日本牛的遗传可变性和遗传距离等方面分析了日本牛品种之间的遗传关系;并展望了日本黑毛和牛、日本褐牛、日本短角牛、日本无角牛、见岛牛、口子岛牛等日本牛种资源的发展前景。     

对金湖县散养猪蛔虫病流行的病因调查与分析

金湖县属平原地带,全县约37万人口,生猪饲养业并不发达,主要以一家一户散养生猪为主,目前猪蛔虫感染率较高是困扰该县养猪业发     

Effects of Photoperiod on Stem Cells Activation in Cashmere Goat Hair Follicles

In order to extend the anagen of cashmere goat hair follicles and increase the production of cashmere,this study was performed with artificially shorten the daylight time among Arbas White cashmere goats. Skin tissue sections from cashmere goats were collected to compare the morphologic changes between artificial daylight and natural daylight,and immunohistochemical method was used to study the hair follicle cell proliferation and important protein expression in related signaling pathways. The results showed that strong cell proliferation occurred in cashmere goat hair follicle cells during artificial daylight,plenty of cytokeratin 15 (K15) positive signals were distributed in the outer root sheath,β-catenin protein was actively expressed in hair matrix and root sheath, indicating that the hair follicles were in the anagen growth phase;Meanwhile,cashmere goat hair follicles under natural daylight were in telogen with weak signals. Above all prove that short photoperiod played an important role in promoting hair follicle growth,the artificial short photoperiod could change hair follicle growth cycle and make hair follicles earlier enter to the anagen growth phase,causing a variety of typical gene expressions during hair follicle growth.     

添加复合预混料对奶牛抗氧化作用影响的试验研究

[目的]研究复合预混料对奶牛抗氧化作用的影响.[方法]把20头奶牛随机分成2组,分别为试验组和对照组,试验组奶牛精料补充料中添加2%预混料,180 d后测定试验组和对照组血清中T-SOD、GSH-Px活性和MDA含量.[结果]与对照组相比,试验组可以提高T-SOD和GSH-Px的活性,降低MDA含量.[结论]添加复合预混料可以提高奶牛的抗氧化能力.     

反刍动物微生态制剂研究进展.

微生态制剂通过改善反刍动物瘤胃及肠道微生态平衡,促进营养物质吸收,增强机体免疫和抗热应激能力。利用微生态制剂减少抗生素的使用量,符合人们对绿色、安全食品的需求,从而越来越受到人们的关注。本文综述了微生态制剂的作用机理,以及在反刍动物中的应用,并对其未来的前景和研究方向进行了分析。     

猪毛滴虫病病原及诊治的研究进展

猪毛滴虫病的历史较短,关于该病的研究和病例报道也较少。近年来,随着该病导致保育猪腹泻病例日益增多,猪毛滴虫病对养猪业的危害日益显现。本文就该病的病原、危害性、致病机理、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断以及防治作一综述,旨在为猪毛滴虫病的研究和防控提供参考。     

基于OBE理念下食品营养学课程设计与教学方式的探索

成果导向教育（OBE）是一种符合当前社会对实践应用型人才需求的教育培养模式。以淮阴师范学院生命科学学院为例,探讨了“食品营养学”课程在人才培养目标达成度、教学内容设计、知识模块构建、教学方法应用,以及课程考核5个方面基于OBE理念下的改革尝试,以期为地方高校食品专业和农林生物专业该课程的教学提供借鉴和参考,为探索培养区域型高素质人才提供新的思路。     

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacenta for regulating of placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling

Non-infectious prenatal mortality severely affects the porcine industry, with pathological placentation as a likely key reason. Previous studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) deficiency causes defects in the uteroplacental vasculature and induces embryonic losses in mice. However, its role in porcine placental angiogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, PPARγ expression was investigated in porcine uteroplacental tissues at gestational day (GD) 25, GD40 and GD70 via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, the roles of PPARγ in porcine placental angiogenesis were investigated using a cell model of porcine umbilical vein endothelial cells (PUVECs) to conduct proliferation, migration and tube formation assays in vitro and a mouse xenograft model to assess capillary formation in vivo. The results showed that PPARγ was mainly located in the glandular epithelium, trophoblast, amniotic chorion epithelium and vascular endothelium, as indicated by the higher expression levels at GD25 and GD40 than at GD70 in endometrium and by higher expression levels at GD40 and GD70 than at GD25 in placenta. Moreover, PPARγ expression was significantly downregulated in placenta with dead foetus. In PUVECs, knocking out PPARγ significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and tube formation in vitro and inhibited capillary formation in mouse xenografts in vivo by blocking S-phase, promoting apoptosis and downregulating the angiogenic factors of VEGF and its receptors. Overall, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacental tissue suggests its vital role in endometrial remodelling and placental angiogenesis, and PPARγ regulates placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling.     

马鹿Zfx/Zfy基因的克隆及序列分析

根据GenBank中公布的牛Zfx/Zfy基因的mRNA序列,设计特异性引物,对马鹿Zfx/Zfy基因进行扩增,并对该序列进行分析。结果表明,克隆得到马鹿Zfx基因序列长为2 115 bp,GenBank登录号为KP257294.1,编码696个氨基酸;Zfy基因序列长为2 406 bp,GenBank登录号为KU041539,编码801个氨基酸。依据Zfx/Zfy基因氨基酸序列构建进化树,分析表明,马鹿Zfx基因与人的亲缘关系较近,与聚为一类的野牛、藏羚羊、虎、家猫、家牛、家犬、绵羊的亲缘关系稍远;Zfy基因与家牛、野牛、藏羚羊、绵羊的亲缘关系较近,与其他动物及人的亲缘关系较远。本研究首次克隆了马鹿Zfx/Zfy基因,为研究该基因蛋白质的结构和功能奠定了基础。