中国肉类消费全景图和大趋势

中国食物消费进入新阶段,口粮消费下降,以肉为主的动物性产品消费量的增加是未来消费的主要趋势。本文描绘中国肉类消费全景图,并展望我国肉类消费的大趋势。分析认为,我国城镇居民肉类消费仍处在稳步增长阶段,农村居民肉类消费还有成倍增长的空间。     

Plasma concentrations of transdermal fentanyl and buprenorphine in pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus)

Objective

To determine the absorption characteristics of fentanyl and buprenorphine administered transdermally in swine.

草鱼呼肠孤病毒生长特性研究

以草鱼呼肠孤病毒(GCRV)873毒株为试验材料,建立了GCRV荧光定量PCR检测方法;用GCRV873株感染CIK细胞及草鱼,通过对病毒RNA复制水平、子代病毒含量以及细胞病变等情况进行监测,研究其在CIK细胞及草鱼体内的生长特性。在CIK细胞中,GCRV感染后12 h即可检测到子代病毒,36 h时,所有细胞被感染;72 h时,病毒滴度达到最高,为10~(6.75) TCID_(50)/mL。在草鱼的肝、脾、肾中,均能检测到GCRV RNA,其中肾脏中含量最高,其次是肝脏,脾脏中最少。本试验为研究GCRV致病机理及制备细胞灭活疫苗奠定了试验基础。     

甘肃省规模化奶牛场污染状况与防治对策研究

根据农业部2007年畜禽养殖场环境污染调查研究项目,结合甘肃省奶牛养殖业污染状况实际,抽样检测分析了规模化奶牛养殖场的污染状况,重点分析了粪便中全氮、全磷、有机质、铜、锌和污水中COD、氨氮、总磷、铜、锌等主要污染源含量.结果表明,2007年规模化奶牛场粪便、污水中的主要污染源对其周围环境产生了较为严重的污染.据此提出了畜禽养殖污染防治的对策.     

酵母β-葡聚糖对断奶仔猪肠道菌群的影响

随机选取28日龄体重为(7.51±0.72)kg三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪72头,按体重和性别随机分为4个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头仔猪,4个处理组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上,分别添加酵母β-葡聚糖0、0.025%、0.05%、0.1%。试验结果表明,28日龄断奶仔猪日粮中添加不同剂量的酵母β-葡聚糖均能不同程度地提高仔猪肠道中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌的数量,降低大肠杆菌的数量,改善了断奶仔猪肠道正常菌群结构。     

鸡新城疫病毒的分离鉴定与交叉免疫保护试验

为了评价疫苗免疫保护效果,进而筛选出最佳的免疫方案,将分离到的鸡新城疫病毒(Newcas-tle disease virus,NDV)流行毒株制备成灭活疫苗进行交叉免疫保护试验研究。把采集到的疑似发生新城疫的病鸡肺、气管环等组织经处理后接种10日龄SPF鸡胚进行病毒的分离和增殖,并用血清学和分子生物学方法进行毒株的鉴定;用分离到的NDV/Chicken/TC/1/2011毒株制成油乳剂灭活苗,与La Sota疫苗以不同的疫苗组合免疫SPF鸡,进行交叉免疫保护试验。结果显示,共分离到9株新城疫病毒,其F蛋白裂解位点的氨基酸均为112 R-R-Q-K-R-F117,表现为强毒株的分子特征,与致病指数结果一致。分离株灭活苗组和分离株灭活苗+La Sota弱毒苗对试验鸡的免疫保护力最高,其次是La Sota灭活苗+La Sota弱毒苗和LaSota灭活苗,La Sota弱毒苗对试验鸡的免疫保护力最低。NDV分离株与疫苗株La Sota存在明显抗原性差异,这将对新城疫疫苗的发展和疾病控制策略制定至关重要。     

Relation between phenotype of tumor cells and clinicopathology in bovine leukosis

Thirty-three cases of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) and 14 cases of sporadic bovine leukosis (SBL) were examined by immunohistochemistry using 6 monoclonal antibodies against leukocyte differentiation molecules of bovine leukocytes. There were 17 cases of B-1a cell type, 10 cases of B-1b cell type and 6 cases of B-2 cell type in EBL, and 5 cases originating from B cells (B-2 cell type) and 9 cases originating from immature T cells in SBL. The average age for the EBL cases of B-1a cell type was 8.6 years, B-1b cell type was 6.5 years, and of B-2 cell type was 4.5 years. In cases of SBL, immature T cell type patients were younger than B-2 cell type ones. The lymphoma originating from B cells differed from that originating from T cells in morphology. In T cell tumors, the nucleus of tumor cells was round, the edge of the cytoplasm obvious, and tumor cells were sporadically present and proliferated. When compared with T cells, the region among B cells was obscure. But, there was no relation between phenotype and the histologic classification of tumor cells. In EBL, beyond the lymph node, tumors of B-1a and B-1b types had developed in the heart and abomasum, and those of the B-2 type tended to occur in liver. In SBL, B-2 type and T type cells formed tumors in the liver, kidney, thymus, and one case of T-cell type tumor formed on the skin. We would like to propose a new classification of bovine leukosis as EBL, calf type B-cell lymphoma, juvenile T-cell lymphoma and skin type T-cell lymphoma.     

钨酸钠-磷钼酸比色分光光度法测定饲料中的单宁

试验研究了用丙酮溶液提取饲料中单宁,溶液经过滤后,取滤液加钨酸钠-磷钼酸混合溶液,显色后,在760 nm波长处测定吸光度值,标准曲线法测定饲料中单宁含量。单宁在0.50～6.00 mg/l浓度范围内与吸光度值呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为A=0.056 48×C+0.001 08,相关系数为0.999 7,方法的检出限为17.5 mg/kg。该方法操作简便、快速、结果准确,应用于饲料中单宁的测定,结果满意。     

太子参须提取物对鸭流感病毒体外试验初探

为尝试性探究太子参须提取物对鸭H9N2亚型流感病毒体外生长的抑制作用,本文基于TCID50试验检测鸭H9N2亚型流感病毒体外感染不同处理组的MDCK细胞.结果 表明,太子参须提取物高低剂量组(75％、25％)和黄芪多糖阳性对照组均对鸭H9N2亚型流感病毒体外生长产生抑制,且太子参须提取物高剂量组(75％)的抑制作用最优...