基于大数据的农业信息化资源管理方法和对策

"大数据"是继物联网、云计算之后信息技术产业的一次重要技术变革。随着物联网技术的发展,各种传感器设备,农用机械设备的出现,农业数据的来源更加新颖,广泛、类型更加多样。本文结合农业特点,重点分析了农业信息化资源管理的发展现状和农业信息化管理特点,总结了目前农业信息化资源管理方法中存在的问题,并提出了基于大数据的农业信息化资源管理方法和对策,为农业信息化资源管理提供了新的途径。     

基于茶籽壳代替木屑栽培茶树菇配方筛选试验

不同比例的茶籽壳和木屑组合成5个试验配方,比较不同配方对菌丝生长、子实体经济性状和生物转化率的影响。试验结果表明,在供试的5个配方中,配方4（棉籽壳50%、茶籽壳15%、木屑5%、麦麸20%、玉米粉7%、石膏1%、磷肥1%、石灰1%）为优选配方。     

高等院校科研型实验室管理探索——以广东海洋大学食品科学与工程学科为例

探讨高等院校科研型实验室的特点和管理模式,通过健全管理制度,发挥科研项目的引领作用,促进校企合作,建设大型仪器平台,发挥教师、研究生和本科生的作用,提高科研型实验室的管理水平。     

基于SWOT分析的辉县中药材产业战略研究

辉县中药材产业属于该地区老牌第一产业,有着丰富的中药材资源,目前市场上常见的中草药,90％以上均可在这里找到.通过调查问卷的方式,在阐述辉县中药材产业发展现状的基础上,采用SWOT分析方法,对辉县发展中药材产业的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战进行综合分析,并提出了中药材产业发展的战略建议.     

Whistle signal variations among three Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin populations in the South China Sea: a combined effect of the Qiongzhou Strait's geographical barrier function and local ambient noise?

Geographic variations in the dolphin whistles could be useful in assessing association and isolation among populations. Whistle of free-ranging Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) among the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), Leizhou Bei (LZB) and Sanniang Bay (SNB) populations were investigated. A total of 2850 whistles with legible fundamental contour were extracted and 15 acoustic parameters were measured. Contrary to SNB, PRE and LZB had the same relative proportion of tonal type compositions with flat and sine representing the most frequent types. The generalized linear model analysis showed significant acoustic difference among populations and tonal types. All frequency parameters in SNB were significantly higher than those in PRE and LZB, where no significant variation was observed in most of the parameters either at the population level or within each tonal type. Canonical discriminant functions analysis showed a smaller difference between PRE and LZB than between PRE and SNB and between LZB and SNB. Compared with previous recordings, recent recordings demonstrated a consistent pattern of becoming higher in whistle frequency parameters in both LZB and SNB populations, suggesting that noise pollution in LZB and SNB increasing with time according to the acoustic niche hypothesis. Dolphin whistle's geographic variations could be shaped by the combined function of the geographical barrier function of the Qiongzhou strait and local ambient noise. Considering the isolated condition and the relatively smaller population size of the humpback dolphin in the SNB, more effective and proactive conservation actions should be taken to prevent the extinction of small populations.     

福建南平市竹产业标准体系实施、评价与改进建议

推动竹产业高质量发展，标准化工作任重道远，推进标准体系有效实施、开展标准体系评价、动态优化标准体系必不可少。本文以南平市竹产业为例，探索竹产业标准体系实施、评价与改进的方法，以期逐步建立福建省竹产业标准体系实施与评价体系。     

Cultivation Influences on Soil Organic Carbon Associated with Texture in Seasonally Frozen Zones

[Objective] This study aimed to examine indicative roles of texture representing soil organic carbon presence and variability subsequent to cultivation under cold temperate climates with seasonal freeze-thaw events.[Method] Three chronosequences were selected for paired comparisons.Soil samples were collected at six depths with a 10 cm increment.Analysis of variance with general linear model and regression was performed for statistical analysis.[Result] In seasonally frozen soils where fragmentation of macroaggregates was stimulated,soil organic carbon level was positively associated with clay ＋ silt proportion due to a wider textural range,better than sole clay content.Exponential function better fitted the experimental data to present progressively increased effectiveness of clay ＋ silt content in maintaining carbon.Clay content explained 12％-41％ and 14％-43％ of variation via linear and exponential functions,respectively.Accordingly,clay ＋ silt content explained 47％-65％ and 46％-70％.[Conclusion] Texture reflected soil organic carbon occurrence as consequences of reclamation.For seasonally frozen soils with wider textural ranges,it is robust to adapt clay ＋ silt content as dependent variable and exponential function.The generated algorithms provided an available pathway to estimate soil organic carbon losses following cultivation and to evaluate soil fertility.     

基于PLC的碟式太阳自动跟踪控制系统研究

由于太阳辐射方向的时刻改变和太阳辐射能的不稳定性,导致碟式太阳能发电系统利用率始终较低。为了解决这个问题,本文提出了一种基于PLC控制的全天候自动跟踪方式,利用光照强度与光照强度阈值的差值作为跟踪方式切换的判据,不仅消除了程序跟踪造成的累积误差,而且避免了光电传感器在阴天或多云时无法工作的问题。为保证系统在任何天气情况下均可稳定运行,信息反馈元件增加了风速传感器、温度传感器及倾角传感器。另外,在设计系统硬软件时,采取了一系列措施来进一步降低系统运行成本。     

黄河三角洲棉区机采棉品种筛选试验

通过机采棉品种筛选试验,筛选出适宜黄河三角洲地区气候条件和种植制度的机采棉品种。结果表明:鲁棉研37号和K836属中熟偏早品种,吐絮早而集中,株型紧凑抗倒伏,产量水平高,抗病性强,为该地区较适宜的机采棉品种。