山西省蚜虫消长与玉米矮花叶病流行关系

玉米矮花叶病是非持久性病毒——MDMV 引起。病毒介体是蚜虫,在山西省主要是麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum Rond)、禾缢管蚜(Rhopalo-siphum padi Linnaeus)、玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch)、桃蚜(Myzus persicae Sulzer)和棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover),麦无网长管蚜[Acythosiphum dirhodum(Walker)]的传毒能力未定。实验表明,传毒蚜虫饲毒最适时间5～30分钟,接毒最适时间30～60分钟,持毒期限6～7小时,有效传毒蚜数3～5头。气温20℃麦二叉蚜的传毒效能最高,是春播玉米的主要传毒蚜虫。传毒蚜的高峰期后16～30天是发病高峰,以玉米拔节至孕穗间发病最快,抽雄后渐缓。病害的发生流行取决于毒源量、传毒蚜的虫口密度及其自然带毒率的提高,这过程进展的快慢是受时间和空间的影响。     

应用花药培养技术培育苹果新类型

通过对苹果不同品种花培植株的试管苗及其高接树的染色体数目观察,看到大部分为单倍体,还有其他倍性的植株.幼龄期元帅花培植株的植物学性状与原品种元帅之间有显著差异,表现分枝多、有针刺、叶片小而薄、茸毛少、有缺刻等野生性状.在花培植株之间,也表现有明显的差别.田间高接后,花培植株随树龄增长逐渐向栽培性状转化,元帅花培植株元80—3已开始结果,表现出明显的短枝型特征.     

碧峰峡森林土壤性状研究

碧峰峡不仅是旅游景点,还是多学科研究的天然“实验室”,地处雅安亚热带区,原始森林植被保护完好,土壤垂直分布明显,地质现象复杂,也是大熊猫、金丝猴出没之地。经研究结果：土壤呈酸性,自然肥力高．经相关分析结果：土壤有机质含量和ＣＥＣ等有关理化特性的相关性,较物理性粘粒与ＣＥＣ间更加显著。     

茄子新品种湘杂早红的选育

以南县紫圆茄的自交系92147为母本，陕西汉中紫茄的自交系96267为父本配制成一代杂种湘杂早红。从定植到始收约35d（天），果实紫红色，卵圆形，果肉白色，肉质细嫩，单果质量250g左右。对青枯病和绵疫病的抗性比湘早茄强。每667m^2产量3000—4500kg，适合春栽。     

巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育问题的探讨

该文通过分析巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育过程中出现的问题,总结出用容器育苗和大田开沟点播相结合来培育接穗,以山桃为砧木嫁接巴旦杏的引种驯化技术.结果表明,容器培育接穗比直接大田点播出苗率、成活率分别提高了10%和15%;巴旦杏与山桃嫁接表现出极好的亲和性,嫁接成活率为90%.     

Key issues and research priorities in landscape ecology: An idiosyncratic synthesis

Landscape ecology has made tremendous progress in recent decades, but as a rapidly developing discipline it is faced with new problems and challenges. To identify the key issues and research priorities in landscape ecology, a special session entitled “Top 10 List for Landscape Ecology in the 21st Century” was organized at the 16th Annual Symposium of the US Regional Association of International Association of Landscape Ecology, held at Arizona State University (Tempe, Arizona, USA) during April 25–29, 2001. A group of leading landscape ecologists were invited to present their views. This paper is intended to be a synthesis, but not necessarily a consensus, of the special session. We have organized the diverse and wide-ranging perspectives into six general key issues and 10 priority research topics. The key issues are: (1) interdisciplinarity or transdisciplinarity, (2) integration between basic research and applications,(3) Conceptual and theoretical development, (4) education and training, (5)international scholarly communication and collaborations, and (6) outreach and communication with the public and decision makers. The top 10 research topics are: (1) ecological flows in landscape mosaics, (2) causes, processes, and consequences of land use and land cover change, (3) nonlinear dynamics and landscape complexity, (4) scaling, (5) methodological development, (6) relating landscape metrics to ecological processes, (7) integrating humans and their activities into landscape ecology, (8) optimization of landscape pattern, (9)landscape sustainability, and (10) data acquisition and accuracy assessment. We emphasize that, although this synthesis was based on the presentations at the“Top 10 List” session, it is not a document that has been agreed upon by each and every participant. Rather, we believe that it is reflective of the broad-scale vision of the collective as to where landscape ecology is now and where it may be going in future. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

螟虫长距茧蜂研究进展

本文综述了对螟虫长距茧蜂的研究概况，包括该寄生蜂的主要生物学习性、对玉米螟自然寄生率及田间防治玉米螟效果等。     

环切对糯米糍荔枝果实大小和裂果的影响

结果母枝和主枝环切处理导致糯米糍荔枝的果实大小显著减小,裂果率显著增加,环切圈以上叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉的含量显著增加,结果母枝中的可溶性糖含量增加,果实中的总糖与蔗糖含量则显著地降低。据此认为,近几年来,糯米糍的果个比20世纪80年代明显减小,裂果增加,很可能与生产中多年连续施行主枝环切(或环剥)技术有关,而碳水化合物运入果实量的减少可能是环切导致果实变小的原因之一。     

饲喂柠条对肉兔生产性能及胴体性状影响的研究

选用45～48日龄平均体重1050g的伊普吕(父系)幼兔64只,分成4组,进行柠条饲喂肉兔试验.对照组饲粮中谷草比例为33.4%,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别用10%、20%和33.4%柠条替代等比例谷草.48天试验结果为:对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组日均采食量、日增重、料肉比分别为89.84g、92.95g、90.77g、79.95g,22.60g、23.30g、19.24g、17.90g,3.98:1、3.99:1、4.72:1、4.47:1.试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与对照组日采食量、日增重、料肉比差异不显著(P＞0.05);屠宰试验结果为:试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ与对照组在胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、心脏、肺脏、肝脏、肾脏等指标方面无显著差异(P＞0.05);而试验Ⅲ组日采食量、日增重均显著较对照组差(P＜0.05).试验结果表明:生长肉兔饲粮中添加10%～20%柠条粉是可行的,且饲粮成本较低.     

抗鸡传染性腺胃炎酶标抗体的制备和应用

在前期从患病鸡腺胃内分离到呼肠孤病毒的基础上，以该病毒为免疫原对兔进行免疫制备高免血清，分离纯化IgG，进行辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）标记，并用ELISA双抗体夹心法对山东省青岛、枣庄、泰安等地区采集的传染性腺胃炎的腺胃样品进行检测，结果表明制备的抗鸡传染性腺胃炎呼肠孤病毒的酶标抗体检测传染性腺胃炎特异性强、灵敏度高、较简便。