锦叶栾新品种引种及繁育技术研究

2013年开始锦叶栾新品种引种及繁育技术研究,通过不同立地条件、不同嫁接方法摸索总结出一套科学的锦叶栾新品种繁育技术,研究表明:硬枝劈接嫁接法的成活率为75％,其保存率为72％,嫁接成活效果最好.为长治市增加物种资源,同时也为锦叶栾新品种大面积推广应用提供了科学技术支持.     

Study on biological and ecological characteristics ofIps subelongatus Motsch

Ips subelongatus Motschulsky were raised indoors and in the field using fresh baits for study of biological and ecological characteristics during 1992–1994. The life cycle of the pest in Lishu County, Jilin Province was described. The study results indicated that temperature was a main factor affecting the development ofIps subelongatus. The initial temperature for development of egg, larva, pupa and adult was 6.1, 8.0, 10.3 and 9.8°C, respectively. To complete one-generation needs, respectively, 48 d at temperature of 18°C, 39 d at 20°C and 33 d at 22°C. The pest has different number of generations in different area as a result of temperature change. In Jilin Province, it generally has three generations, except that some individuals have 2 generations. The nature enemies for this pest areThanasinus substriatus, Tomimicobia seitneri Ruschk,Coeliodes sp. etc. Foundation item: This paper is part of key subject of the Ministry of Forestry (formerly)—The Systematic Control Technique ofIps subelongatus Motschulsky. Biography: G{upao} Chang-qi (1952-), male, research fellow in Jilin Forestry Academy. Responsibe editor: Chai Ruihai     

低温胁迫下草坪草抗寒性的研究进展

通过介绍低温对草坪草的影响和作用机理,系统地综述了在低温胁迫下草坪草的光合特性、水分生理代谢、细胞质膜相对透性、保护酶系变化、碳水化合物贮藏、可溶性蛋白质含量、以及脂肪酸的变化在低温胁迫方面的研究进展,提出了今后进行草坪草抗寒性研究的趋势和建议。     

对黑龙江省绥棱林业局森林资源现状的分析

通过对绥棱林业局森林资源数据的分析,提出培育森林资源和加强生态建设的措施和建议。     

Characteristics of runoff and sediment generation of forest vegetation on a hill slope by use of artificial rainfall apparatus

We studied the impact of forest vegetation on soil erosion,surface runoff, and sediment generation by using field simulated rainfall apparatus. We measured runoff and sediment generation of five 4.5 × 2.1m runoff plots (a bare soil as a control; two Pinus tabulaeformis forestplots and two Platycladus orientalis forest with row spacing of 1 m × 1m and 1.5 m × 1.5 m, respectively) in Beijing Jiu Feng National ForestPark under three rainfall intensities (0.42, 0.83, 1.26 mm per minute).Forest vegetation significantly reduced soil erosion and sediment yield.Mean total runoff volume in the four tree stand plots was 93% of that inthe control plot, demonstrating the limited effectiveness of forest vegetation in runoff control. With increasing rainfall intensity, runoff reductionin forest plots declined from 28.32% to 2.1%. Similar trends in runoff coefficient and the relationship between runoff volume and rainfall duration was observed. Mean total sediment yield and mean sediment yield reduction rate under different treatments was 55.05% and 43.17% of those in the bare soil control plot, respectively. Rainfall intensity playedan important role in runoff and sediment generation processes, and had agreater impact on runoff than on soil erosion and sediment generation.When considering several factors in runoff and sediment transport processes, the P. tabulae form plot with row spacing at 1 × 1 m had a greater effect on soil and water conservation than did other forested plots.     

森林可燃物湿度研究综述

森林可燃物湿度对林火蔓延和有效辐射率均有重大影响。它又是预测林火发生、林火行为、火险等级的主要根据。本文在回顾森林可燃物湿度研究的同时, 综述了可燃物湿度研究的两个重要的概念—平衡含水量和时滞, 简述了相对湿度理论, 概括了主要研究方法的优缺点。文中还列出了现代可燃物研究的主要成果, 指出了可燃物湿度研究的发展方向。     

基于DEM的辽宁省猴石森林公园的视域分析

利用GIS视域分析功能,基于地形特征,对辽宁省猴石国家森林公园内可达景点、不可达景点和游道的视域特征进行分析,其中,游道的视域特征以游道上间隔50m的75个样点来表征.结果表明:公园内可达景点分布较为合理,一类位于游道两侧山坡上,视野开阔,90%景点的视域面积达100hm2以上;另一类分布在近游道两侧,视域面积40～70hm2.不可达景点可视性良好,75%的景点视域面积达100hm2以上,观赏价值充分体现;游道分布较为合理,全程可观赏到公园总面积的41.71%,游道内的平均视域面积为(61.%±23.52)hm2.视域内地形呈一定程度起伏,平均高差350m,兼具一览无余的豁达之美与峰回路转的曼妙之美.研究以游览者的景观视觉特征分析为目的,探讨森林公园景点和游道规划的定量依据,是对目前旅游区景观视觉特征评价的重要补充,是旅游区总体规划和综合管理的重要依据之一.     

我国木质林产品贸易与森林生态安全耦合度研究

“两头在外”是我国林产品贸易的典型特征, 它意味着对国内和国外森林资源的大量消耗。木质林产品贸易和森林生态安全的协调是开放条件下实现我国森林可持续发展的必经之路。文中运用耦合理论研究1961-2010年我国木质林产品贸易和森林生态安全之间的协调问题, 结论认为:1)2004之前森林生态安全指数高于木质林产品贸易指数, 2005-2008年则低于木质林产品贸易指数, 1991年之后木质林产品贸易指数的波动幅度显著大于森林生态安全指数。2)1961-1999年森林生态安全指数与木质林产品贸易指数的协调状态在初级协调和勉强协调之间波动; 2000年之后二者的协调进入稳定阶段, 并在2003年由初级协调进入中级协调阶段。     

太白山药用植物资源及其保护利用

太白山是秦岭主峰,其得天独厚的自然条件孕育了丰富的药用植物资源,这些药用植物长期以来在当地居民与疾病作斗争中发挥了重要作用。调查结果表明,太白山有药用植物510种,其中,属国家一级保护的2种。分析了药用植物资源现状,提出了今后保护的建议和对策。     

利用试差法确定林业抽样调查中的样本容量

本文针对正态总体的情形,讨论了如何利用试差法确定样本容量,即利用 n=1+s~2/(Δ (?)~2)·t~2_(n-1)(a) 式反复迭代,直到求出的n值差异很小为止,这时的n值即为所求的样本容量。文中并给出了试差法在林业中的应用实例。