3-RPS并联机构奇异位形及工作空间研究

提出一种求解并联机构无奇异位形工作空间的方法。通过分析3-RPS并联机构在奇异位形时动平台的微分运动与结构约束及关节约束的关系，得到机构奇异位形判别方程和奇异位形曲面方程。探索了工作空间边界，综合分析了机构奇异位形与工作空间的关系。合理选择机构结构参数和关节变化范围，得到了无奇异位形的工作空间。     

翻转卸料双轴桨叶饲料混合机工作性能试验研究

该文介绍了作者设计并研制的新型翻转式双轴桨叶混合机,阐述了其工作原理。为了提高双轴桨叶混合机的混合性能,采用二次回归正交旋转组合试验,对设计样机进行混合均匀度及机内残留率的试验研究,得出了其工作参数的合理组合：混合时间为180 s,充满系数为0.75,桨叶轴转速为56 r/min;机内残留量极小(约为0.015%),满足其作为配合饲料生产,尤其是预混合饲料生产的工艺要求,也为进一步改进设计提供了依据。     

橡胶树Ago蛋白基因家族分析

Ago蛋白基因家族成员与不同的小RNA结合,广泛参与细胞的生长发育及抵抗外源DNA的入侵。对Ago蛋白基因家族成员的研究有利于进一步了解各成员的功能,同时有助研究小RNA的功能。橡胶树的Ago蛋白基因家族及小RNA的研究均较少,为了弄清楚橡胶树Ago蛋白基因家族成员情况及其初步功能,本研究对橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)所有蛋白质序列进行了分析。用HMMER及BLAST等软件分析发现橡胶树有18个Ago蛋白,这些Ago蛋白进行分类及理化性质分析,发现其可分为3类,大多数Ago蛋白定位于细胞核,蛋白序列长度在577 aa至1 237 aa氨基酸之间,等电点在8.66至9.47间。通过qPCR技术研究橡胶树Ago蛋白的表达,发现18个Ago蛋白在不同叶龄间有差异,在白粉病菌对橡胶树进行感染处理后各Ago蛋白的表达也有差异,说明不同的Ago蛋白参与了不同的生理过程。这些结果为进一步研究各Ago蛋白在橡胶树的生长发育及抗病抗逆过程中的功能提供了理论依据。     

Occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance and genotypic characterization in Edwardsiella tarda isolated from cage‐cultured hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) in the Ping River,Northern Thailand

Edwardsiella tarda is a pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in aquatic animals. The emergence of multiple antibiotic‐resistant strains makes antibiotic treatment difficult. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the genotypic characterization of E. tarda isolated from cage‐cultured red tilapia in Thailand. A total of 30 isolates were identified as E. tarda using biochemical and molecular analysis. The disc diffusion method for testing antibiotic susceptibility showed all the isolates were resistant to colistin sulphate and oxolinic acid. High levels of resistance to amoxicillin, ampicillin, ceftazidime, oxytetracycline and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim were observed as well. The multiple antibiotic resistance index ranged from 0.25 to 0.92, indicating that these isolates had been exposed to high risk sources of contamination where antibiotics were commonly used. All the isolates carried the bla_TEM gene based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The tetA and sul3 genes were detected in 90% (27/30) and 26.7% (8/30) of the isolates respectively. Nine different genetic groups of isolates were obtained using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC‐PCR). A correlation between genetic types and multiple antibiotic‐resistant patterns was found. These results highlight the potential risks of multiple antibiotic‐resistant isolates for humans and the environment.     

农机新燃料生物柴油的特性及对环境的影响

生物燃料是以生物质为载体的能源,直接或间接来源于植物的光合作用,是可替代石化柴油的一种可再生能源,现已开始应用于农业机械领域.为此,阐述了生物柴油的特性,重点分析了生物柴油在生产及农机使用过程中产生的污染成分及对环境的影响,通过与传统的石化柴油作对比,指出了生物柴油作为农机新燃料的优势,同时也提出了许多亟待解决的问题.     

1LB-240水平摆式双铧犁的研制

犁的使用在农业生产中占有极其重要的地位,特别是铧式犁的使用已有几千年的历史。为此,阐述了1LB-240水平摆式双铧犁的主要结构、工作过程、主要技术参数和试验结果,并对换向机构及核心部件换向销进行设计与分析。试验结果表明,该机具有生产率高、结构新颖、操作方便等特点。     

Evaluating the navigation performance of multi-information integration based on low-end inertial sensors for precision agriculture

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the navigation performance of multi-information integration based on a low-end inertial measurement unit (IMU) in precision agriculture by utilizing different auxiliary information (i.e., GNSS real-time kinematic (RTK), non-holonomic constraints (NHC) and dual antenna GNSS). A series of experiments with different operation scenes (e.g., open sky in wet and dry soils) were carried out for quantitative analysis. For the position drift error during a 20-s GNSS outage, the dual-antenna GNSS-assisted approach did not provide a reduction, and the NHC reduced the maximum error in the lateral and vertical directions by over 80% in the dry soil test, but only by approximately 30% in the wet soil test. The heading error with continuous GNSS assistance can be less than 0.03° and be reduced by more than 90% with the aid of dual-antenna GNSS. Additionally, the NHC reduced the heading error from 0.54° to 0.21° and from 0.34° to 0.25° in the dry and wet soil tests respectively. The results suggested that the multi-information integration improved the positioning and orientation reliability. Moreover, the lateral positioning accuracy required for the control of agriculture autonomous vehicles was achieved at approximately 3.0 mm with over a 60% accuracy improvement brought by the dual-antenna GNSS assistance. In contrast to the vulnerability of a single system, multi-information integration can provide comprehensive navigation information with higher reliability and lower costs. Hence, multi-information fusion will be a great opportunity for agriculture to meet the high-accuracy and high-reliability requirements of precision agriculture.

     

仔猪咬尾症的原因及其防治方法

仔猪咬尾症是仔猪常见的异食癖,常由于营养机能紊乱及饲养管理不当导致的该应激反应发生。常见于仔猪12~14周龄,在每年1-3月份及8-12月份发病率较高,母仔猪较公仔猪发病率高。其特征症状是咬尾仔猪的行动敏捷,被咬仔猪一阵尖叫挣扎,猪尾断节,鲜血淋漓。轻者猪尾被咬掉半截,重者全部被咬掉。被咬仔猪,因失血而发生贫血,生长发育受阻,个别仔猪因失血过多而死亡。如果没有及时处理并采取治疗措施,会导致伤口发生感染,引发局部发炎和组织脓肿、坏死,使肉质下降、减产。文章通过分析仔猪咬尾症的症状、发病原因,并根据病因提出应对的防治措施。阐释仔猪咬尾症在养殖生产过程中的危害及在现代化养殖中如何科学合理地避免因咬尾造成的经济损失。     

Experimental Study on Shear Strength of High Strength Concrete Columns

On basis of the experiment on sixteen high strength concrete columns, their shear behaviors are analysed. The effects of shear-span ratio and axial compression ratio on failure behavior, cracking shear and shear strength are analysed. The authors have discussed the suitability of the design equations for shear strength in the code. This experimental study on shear strength of high strength concrete frame columns is the first one in this field at home and the results can be served as reference for the code of high strength concrete design.     

用免疫荧光、酶标技术检测赭曲霉毒素A的研究

该项研究采用本课题组提纯的赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A·简称OA)和研制的兔抗OA抗体等,进行间接荧光法和ELISA间接法检测OA的试验。通过对不同浓度的OA纯品和含毒饲料浸提液及中毒死亡鸡内脏的间接荧光染色,均能检出分布均匀、大小有别的黄绿色荧光亮点;用OA为被检抗原和兔抗OA抗体与羊抗兔IgG-HRP进行ELISA间接法试验,对含不同浓度OA的试验孔和对照孔的检测,结果均正确稳定。研究结果证明,以上两种检测方法检测OA均具有灵敏、特异、快速等优点。