Effects of supplemental vitamin E during the mature period on the reproduction performance of Taiwan Native Chicken cockerels

One-day-old Taiwan native male chicks were fed with maize-soybean rearing diets without supplemental vitamin E to 23 weeks of age. From 23 to 52 weeks of age, the cockerels (n = 90) were assigned at random to 5 dietary treatments and fed with maize-soybean diets supplemented with 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate). Pullets (225) of the same age were fed with standard diets throughout. They were artificially inseminated with one dose of 0.04 ml/bird intact and 5-fold diluted pooled semen at 31 to 43 weeks of age and at 49 weeks of age, respectively. The criteria evaluated included: semen quality, fertility and maximum and effective duration of fertility, blood characteristics, body and testes weight. Supplemental vitamin E did not affect cockerels' effective duration of fertility and percentage of fertility. However, when pullets were inseminated with diluted semen, supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E increased the maximum duration of fertility at 49 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving 40 to 160mg/kg supplements had higher sperm viability and motility after 39 weeks of age and those fed 80 mg/kg had higher sperm concentration at 39 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving supplements of more than 40 mg/kg vitamin E had higher body weight gain. Plasma cholesterol and testosterone were not affected by supplemental vitamin E. However, plasma luteinising hormone (LH) concentration was lower in cockerels fed 160 mg/kg. Lack of supplemental vitamin E over 39 weeks was associated with lower semen quality but did not reduce the proportion of fertile eggs laid by inseminated hens, perhaps because the insemination dose compensated for low sperm quality. We found that the maximum duration of fertility might be improved by supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E at 49 weeks of age.     

中蜂甘露蜜中毒的诊治

蜜蜂甘露蜜中毒是由于蜜蜂吸食了大量含松三糖的甘露蜜,引起消化吸收障碍而中毒的一种疾病。多发生于高温、干旱、缺蜜的夏、秋季节。若不即时对症治疗和加强管理,常常给蜂农带来很大经济损失。现将该病诊治情况报告如下。1发病原因本病在我县主要发生在松、柏林地广袤的联片地     

中草药防治鸡霉形体病的研究

将自然感染MG的土杂鸡,随机分为7组,1、2、3组分别为病毒I号,按每kg体重0.25ml、0.50ml、1.00ml给药,4、5、6组分别为泰乐星,按每kg体重50mg、100mg、200mg给药,2次/d,连续7d,7组为空白对照。投药后,进行临床症状及气囊病理评分、MG血清抗体检测和疗效试验。结果显示:病毒I号与泰乐星在缓解临床症状、减少气囊炎病变率、降低气囊病变程度和死亡率等方面两者均无显著差异(P>0.05),而试验组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。说明病毒I号与泰乐星达到同样的治疗效果。     

肝片形吸虫雷蚴与尾蚴的扫描电镜观察

肝片形吸虫的母雷蚴、早期子雷蚴、成熟子雷蚴及尾蚴表被结构经扫描电镜观察：在母雷蚴及早期子雷蚴的口孔周围有乳突分布；雷蚴的围领呈领圈样环绕，围领基部的一侧有一个产孔，产孔的开口处呈唇样的构造，从母雷蚴、早期子雷蚴至成熟子雷蚴的发育，其体表绒毛样构造日趋发达。尾蚴背部密布尖刀形棘，腹部具有许多不规则的突起，其间分布有许多微孔；口吸盘及周围无乳突分布，但在腹吸盘周围分布有排列整齐的指状突起。尾蚴体部与尾部相连处有一环形颈状结构，尾蚴尾干背面为一槽状的皱襞。     

稚蚕人工饲料中几种微量元素的添加效果

测定桑叶粉及基础饲料中钛、铁、硒、稀土元素的含量，分别为６１～９２、５２０～１０００、０．３８４、５．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和３７、６５０～７１０、０．４１４、５．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ。在基础饲料中以６．７～５２．２ｍｇ钛／ｋｇ饲料剂量添加柠檬酸钛，对１～２龄蚕的生长发育未见有促进作用；以柠檬酸混合稀土、柠檬酸钟、柠檬酸镧形式向基础饲料中加入１７．４～１４１．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ饲料的混合稀土或其单体元素铈和镧，其生长发育没有促进而略受抑制。稚蚕饲料中添加１％磷酸高铁（相当于２４００ｍｇ／ｋｇ饲料），稚蚕期的生长发育有明显促进，促进程度随添加时间的延长而进一步加大，这种促进作用不是通过改变饲料适口性来实现的。     

DNA Barcoding:An Effective Tool for Species Identification of Lepidopteran Oak Pests

[Objective] The paper was to improve the efficiency and accuracy of early forecast of Lepidopteran oak-infesting pests.[Method] DNA barcoding technique was established for quick species identification using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) as the standard gene.This barcoding technique was used to amplify and sequence genomic DNA samples from eggs and pupae of 11 species of Lepidopteran pests collected from oak.[Result] The DNA barcoding standard genes of 594-708 bp were determined from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.There were differences of 0-2 bases in DNA barcode sequences between conspecific eggs and pupae,with the sequence identity of 99.7%-100%.The average content of A,T,G and C of DNA barcode sequences from Lepidopteran insects were 30.7%,38.5%,14.9% and 15.9%,respectively.The obtained DNA barcode sequences had 91.4%-100% identity and 0-8.6% difference degree with GenBank-deposited DNA barcode sequences from organisms of the genetically-closest relationship.Among them,DNA barcode sequences from egg and pupa samples of 10 Lepidopteran insects(No.1-20) had 99%-100% identity and 0-1.0% difference degree with homologous sequences in GenBank database,while the remaining samples(No.21-22) had high difference degree(8.6%) with homologous sequences.[Conclusion] The established DNA barcoding technique is an effeetive tool for species identification of Lepidopteran pests using genomic DNA from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.     

短期禁牧对天山北坡蒿类荒漠群落特征及其稳定性的影响

本研究以天山北坡蒿类荒漠为研究对象,采用野外调查取样的方法,探讨不同区域荒漠围栏内外群落特征和物种多样性对禁牧的响应规律,分析禁牧对生态系统稳定性的影响。结果表明,1)禁牧能改变荒漠植被功能群结构,禁牧后不同生态经济类群群落盖度和生物量分别上升40.2%~57.0%和44.4%~81.0%;2)荒漠群落物种多样性指数对短期禁牧的响应较小,但从区域上看,玛纳斯荒漠放牧区Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数比博乐和奇台显著高16.7%~20.0%,而禁牧区Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数高了8.6%~17.7%;3)短期禁牧有利于荒漠群落稳定性的维持,且稳定性可能与禁牧年限和生态环境的变化均有一定的关系。因此,短期禁牧能显著提高荒漠草地生产力,有利于群落物种多样性和群落稳定性的维持。     

阿维菌素驱除兔蛲虫试验报告

朝阳市近年养兔业得到了很大发展,兔寄生虫病对养兔业的危害已引起人们重视。在朝阳市兔体寄生虫调查中发现,兔蛲虫对兔的感染率很高,从外贸冷冻加工厂、康宁医院兔场、朝阳县一粮库兔场、龙城区西大营子集市、双塔区凌北集市购入的233只兔剖检所得,兔蛲虫感染率为81.1%(189/233),感染强度为50(2~1 220条),感染兔均有不同程度的肠炎变化,严重感染者毛焦、消瘦,生长缓慢,易继发其它疾病,严重影响养兔的经济效益,对养兔业发展造成威胁。为寻求一种较好的驱治兔蛲虫的药物,2005年9~10月作者利用康宁医院兔场和航发兔场饲养的兔及从市郊各集市购…     

对畜牧业旅游功能开发的思考——以西安秦岭野生动物园为例

发达的畜牧业是现代农业的重要标志,也是推进社会主义新农村建设的重要内容。如何发挥畜牧业的新功能,实现畜牧业的持续健康发展是当代农业的一个发展方向。文章从畜牧业的功能入手,分析了人们对畜牧业旅游功能认识的瓶颈,并以西安秦岭野生动物园为例,对西安畜牧业旅游功能的开发进行探讨。     

蝗虫痘病毒对黄胫小车蝗生长发育和产卵力的影响

试验观察结果表明,蝗虫痘病毒除对黄胫小车蝗有显著致死作用外,使感病寄主在接种13～33d后,食量比对照减少28.73%～70.40 %导致生长发育缓慢,接种后13～18d,对照组生长率为36.3mg/d,而处理组则分别为14.9、14.5和9.6mg/d,仅为对照的1/4～1/2。寄主羽化极不整齐,对照组整个历期只有5d,而处理组则为16～46d,随着接种剂量的加大,这种“拖延”趋势越发明显。寄主产卵量明显降低,甚至根本不能产卵。处理组寄主“畸形”和“自相残杀”的情况也较对照组严重。