几种土壤铁锰结核对Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化动力学特性

以几种土壤铁锰结核为试验材料 ,采用流动法 ,用权函数方程、抛物线方程、Elvoich方程及一级方程模型对锰矿物氧化Cr(Ⅲ )的动力学过程进行了研究 ,结果表明上述方程拟合的相关系数均达到显著水平 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,并且以权函数方程和抛物线方程拟合所得的标准差较小 ,由该氧化反应先吸附再氧化的反应机理、拟合方程的特性 ,表明氧化锰氧化Cr(Ⅲ )的反应过程受Cr(Ⅲ )和Mn2 + 的扩散、氧化锰表面覆盖度等因素影响。拟合权函数的k和A值表明其反应先快后慢 ,且锰矿物类型不同 ,初始反应速率有差异 ;随着温度的升高 ,Cr(Ⅲ )的氧化速率增加。     

拮抗细菌A2菌株的鉴定及其对小麦白粉病的防治效果

为适应现代无公害农业的发展,针对小麦白粉病的防治,从保护地土壤中分离得到一株生防细菌A2。通过形态学特征、生理生化特性的观察和测定,结合16S rDNA序列分析并构建系统发育树,对菌株A2进行了初步鉴定。同时,以清水为对照,测定了菌株A2对3432品种小麦白粉病的防治效果。结果显示该菌株主要特征是菌体杆状,内生芽孢、芽孢卵圆形,革兰氏染色阳性,好氧,接触酶反应、乙酰甲基甲醇实验为阳性,能利用柠檬酸盐;该菌株与亲缘关系较近菌株B.subtilis isolate G8的同源性达99%。结合以上两点,将菌株A2初步鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌（B. subtilis）。防效实验显示菌株A2发酵液处理最好防治效果为72.22%;无菌滤液处理最好防治效果为29.24%,与对照相比均具有显著性差异（α=0.05）。表明,拮抗菌株A2菌体与代谢产物对小麦白粉病都具有较强的防治作用,为研制型、无毒、无公害生物农药提供了依据。     

用秋水仙碱诱导非洲菊多倍体的研究

用秋水仙碱处理离体的非洲菊愈伤组织与丛生芽．研究了4种不同浓度的秋水仙碱对非洲菊芽增殖和染色体加倍的影响.结果表明：以0.05％的秋水仙碱溶液处理12h效果较好．变异率达38．46％；叶片表皮细胞的气孔数量减少、体积增大以及植株叶大根粗等外部形态特征均可作为鉴别非洲菊多倍体的间接证据。     

人类宜居的汝城中部盆地气候舒适度研究

通过空气温度和相对湿度的组合确定人对周围环境感觉舒适的程度,采用舒适度列线图确定汝城县近三年逐日气候舒适程度。根据舒适程度分类标准,计算各等级的天数和各年的气候舒适期及其逐月分布状况,取三年平均值。采用Biiltner确认的日舒适有效温度等级,用日舒适有效温度计算式,计算每日逐时舒适有效温度及其持续时间。结果表明汝城县中部盆地,年气候舒适期长达196d,是目前湖南气候舒适期最长的县域。盛夏7月,昼夜24h内,夜间舒适有效温度持续长达9~16h,无极不舒适时间。适宜开展休闲度假、生态养生旅游,是人类居住的理想地域。       

基于环境心理学的科研院所绿化景观设计——以中国林科院京区大院为例

科研院所的绿化景观设计是推进科技创新和弘扬人文精神的重要载体,其建设质量的好坏不仅影响科研院所的美化水平,还关乎院内科研人员及其家属的身心健康。本研究以环境心理学为切入点,采用其涵盖的认知地图、场所观念、领域性研究理论,通过剖析中国林科院院区内的绿化景观现状,分析了科学研究、生活空间、社交场所等绿化景观设计中的环境心理学应用特性,以期为增强科研院所的绿化质量提供理论参考。     

频振式杀虫灯在水稻害虫防治中的应用与研究

为了提高西双版纳稻米品质,减少农药残留,科学合理的虫害防治方法是重要的解决手段之一。频振式杀虫灯是当前运用非常广泛的一种物理诱杀害虫的工具,具有广谱、高效、无污染的特点。试验设立灯控不施药区、灯控施药区、非灯控施药区和非灯控不施药区,安排随机区组试验,调查虫害发生动态,适时开展化学农药防治和跟踪测产。试验结果表明：频振式杀虫灯单灯每晚诱虫量在6.7~224 g之间,灯控不施药区、灯控施药区和非灯控施药区与非灯控不施药区相比,对水稻主要害虫稻飞虱和螟虫的防效均达到极显著水平。同时,初步掌握了频振式杀虫灯对水稻害虫的控害效果,表现在水稻虫害发生量减少、防治成本降低、水稻增产增收等方面的效益较为显著。     

上海农产品加工业的关联及波及效应分析

利用投入产出分析技术和2002年上海的投入产出表数据,实证分析了上海农产品加工业各部门与其他部门的关联及波及特性,结果显示,农业对农产品加工业的依赖性最强,而农产品加工业的发展受农产品加工业本身及第二产业的影响较大;农业及农产品加工业对其他部门的影响程度较小;农业及农产品加工业均为中间投入型产业。     

A Burkholderia pseudomallei toxin inhibits helicase activity of translation factor eIF4A

The structure of BPSL1549, a protein of unknown function from Burkholderia pseudomallei, reveals a similarity to Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1. We found that BPSL1549 acted as a potent cytotoxin against eukaryotic cells and was lethal when administered to mice. Expression levels of bpsl1549 correlate with conditions expected to promote or suppress pathogenicity. BPSL1549 promotes deamidation of glutamine-339 of the translation initiation factor eIF4A, abolishing its helicase activity and inhibiting translation. We propose to name BPSL1549 Burkholderia lethal factor 1.     

Clonal production and organization of inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex

The neocortex contains excitatory neurons and inhibitory interneurons. Clones of neocortical excitatory neurons originating from the same progenitor cell are spatially organized and contribute to the formation of functional microcircuits. In contrast, relatively little is known about the production and organization of neocortical inhibitory interneurons. We found that neocortical inhibitory interneurons were produced as spatially organized clonal units in the developing ventral telencephalon. Furthermore, clonally related interneurons did not randomly disperse but formed spatially isolated clusters in the neocortex. Individual clonal clusters consisting of interneurons expressing the same or distinct neurochemical markers exhibited clear vertical or horizontal organization. These results suggest that the lineage relationship plays a pivotal role in the organization of inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex.     

Research on digital intelligent recognition method of the weave pattern of fabric based on the redundant information

Digital intelligent recognition for the weave pattern of fabric plays an important role to improve automation and artificial intelligence in textile production process. In order to improve the data processing efficiency and minimize the negative influence such as human error in the conventional methods, a rapid, automatic and accurate method for the surface structure analysis and the fabric weave pattern recognition is proposed. First of all, an imaging system was designed to obtain the double-faced images of fabric samples, and then the captured images were treated by projection algorithm in both warp and weft directions to generate a grid net which splits the image into massive nodes. In the following step, the nodes were preliminary classified based on the intensity of the node’s quadrilateral boundary and at the same time, the color of the nodes was calculated by using the color clustering method. To improve the accuracy of node classification, the types and color information of the adjacent nodes, together with double-faced image information, were utilized for error correction. At last, the node information acquired was encoded and expressed digitally by a basic matrix, two one-dimension matrices (row and column) and a color mapping table. Following the procedure above, the digital model of the weave pattern of the sample fabric is established. Experiments have been conducted and show the performance of the proposed method.