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81.
Walid El-Rodeny Mitsuhiro Kimura Hideki Hirakawa Attia Sabah Kenta Shirasawa Shusei Sato Satoshi Tabata Shigemi Sasamoto Akiko Watanabe Kumiko Kawashima Midori Kato Tsuyuko Wada Hisano Tsuruoka Chika Takahashi Chiharu Minami Keiko Nanri Shinobu Nakayama Mitsuyo Kohara Manabu Yamada Yoshie Kishida Tsunakazu Fujishiro Sachiko Isobe 《Breeding Science》2014,64(3):252-263
To develop a high density linkage map in faba bean, a total of 1,363 FBES (Faba bean expressed sequence tag [EST]-derived simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers were designed based on 5,090 non-redundant ESTs developed in this study. A total of 109 plants of a ‘Nubaria 2’ × ‘Misr 3’ F2 mapping population were used for map construction. Because the parents were not pure homozygous lines, the 109 F2 plants were divided into three subpopulations according to the original F1 plants. Linkage groups (LGs) generated in each subpopulation were integrated by commonly mapped markers. The integrated ‘Nubaria 2’ × ‘Misr 3’ map consisted of six LGs, representing a total length of 684.7 cM, with 552 loci. Of the mapped loci, 47% were generated from multi-loci diagnostic (MLD) markers. Alignment of homologous sequence pairs along each linkage group revealed obvious syntenic relationships between LGs in faba bean and the genomes of two model legumes, Lotus japonicus and Medicago truncatula. In a polymorphic analysis with ten Egyptian faba bean varieties, 78.9% (384/487) of the FBES markers showed polymorphisms. Along with the EST-SSR markers, the dense map developed in this study is expected to accelerate marker assisted breeding in faba bean. 相似文献
82.
Kyoko Suzuki Tsutomu Suzuki Yukio Takahashi Mitsuhiro Okimoto Tetsuo Yamada Noriyasu Okazaki Yuichi Shimizu Masashi Fujiwara 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(1):60-68
The yields and properties of oil and gas fractions coproduced during carbonization of larch wood loaded with Ni 2%, Ni 2%+Ca
1%, and Ni 4% and without catalyst (None) at 700°–900°C were examined to clarify the catalytic effect in terms of conversion
into fluid fuels. The net calorific value of oil occurred mainly below 500°C and increased in the order None < Ni 2% < Ni
4% < Ni 2%+Ca 1%, while the yield decreased in this order. The same order held for the production of gases enriched with hydrogen
at 500°–700°C. Even above 800°C, markedly promoted evolution of hydrogen took place for all catalyst systems. These observations
confirmed the effectiveness of nickel-catalyzed carbonization at 900°C, particularly Ni 2%+Ca 1%, for both upgrading of oil
and gaseous fractions, although the quality of oil was not satisfactory. The catalysis of nickel with and without calcium
is discussed on the basis of the modified Broid-Shafizadeh scheme, and the scheme was altered to adapt to the high temperature
region where oil was no longer produced.
Part of this study was presented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Japan Institute of Energy, Suita, August 2005, and at the
18th Symposium, Session D, of the Materials Research Society of Japan, Tokyo, December 2007 相似文献
83.
Mitsuhiro Aihara Syun-ichi Urayama Minh Tuong Le Yu Katoh Tomoya Higashiura Toshiyuki Fukuhara Tsutomu Arie Tohru Teraoka Ken Komatsu Hiromitsu Moriyama 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):92-103
Magnaporthe oryzae chrysovirus 1 strain A (MoCV1-A) is associated with an impaired growth phenotype of its host fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. In this report, we assayed the virulence and pathogenicity of MoCV1-A-infected and MoCV1-A-free M. oryzae on rice plants. MoCV1-A infection did not affect virulence-associated fungal traits, such as conidial germination and appressorium formation. However, after punch inoculation of leaves on rice plants, MoCV1-A-infected strain formed smaller lesions than the MoCV1-A-free strain did on all rice varieties tested, showing that MoCV1-A infection resulted in reduced virulence of host fungi in rice plants. In contrast, after spray inoculation of rice seedlings, in some cases, MoCV1-A-infected and MoCV1-A-free strains caused different lesion types (resistance to susceptible, or vice versa) on individual international differential rice varieties. However, we did not find any gain/loss of the fungal avirulence genes by PCR, suggesting that MoCV1-A infection can convert the pathogenicity of the host M. oryzae from avirulence to virulence, or from virulence to avirulence, depending on the rice variety. We also confirmed the correlation of these race conversion events and invasive hyphae growth of the fungi in a leaf sheath inoculation assay. These data suggested that MoCV1-A infection generally confers hypovirulence to the fungal host and could be a driving force to generate physiological diversity, including pathogenic races. 相似文献
84.
Yosuke Yoshioka Koichiro Shimomura Mitsuhiro Sugiyama 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(1):91-101
In melon (Cucumis melo L.), the amount of fertile pollen decreases at low temperature during winter and early spring and thereby restricts fertilization. A promising way to overcome this problem is to develop parthenocarpic cultivars. Parthenocarpic cucumber and squash, but not melon cultivars are available. In this study, we explored 172 accessions from an East Asian melon collection and identified accessions that exhibited strong parthenocarpic ability throughout the year. Crosses between parthenocarpic accessions and a non-parthenocarpic cultivar, and among parthenocarpic accessions indicated that parthenocarpy may be inherited in a recessive manner and is likely controlled by the same gene or genes in these accessions. The parthenocarpic indices, such as the size and number of parthenocarpic fruits, differed among the cultivation periods, indicating the importance of environmental factors for parthenocarpic fruit development. We conclude that it is possible to breed new cultivars with stable parthenocarpic ability throughout the year by using the identified accessions. 相似文献
85.
Inoue K Obara R Akiba T Hino T Oka H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):6863-6867
Nucleotide-supplemented infant formula has been shown to positively modify the composition of intestinal microflora, emulating the attribute of human milk. Quantification of nucleotides in infant formula is of interest because of its applicability in quality and safety assessments. There is no standard method for the analysis of nucleotides in infant formula. In the present study, ion-exchange liquid chromatography (IELC)- and centrifugal ultrafiltration (CUF)-based protocols were developed for routine determination of additive nucleotides in infant formula. Five target nucleotides, guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP), inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP), uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP), cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP), and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) were measured by IELC with a mobile phase of 50 mM diammonium hydrogen phosphate buffer, pH 4.0, with UV detection at 254 nm. The calibration was linear over the range 0.5-50 microg/mL; R(2) = 0.999. The calculated LOD and LOQ were 0.01-0.05 microg/mL and 0.05-0.5 microg/mL, respectively. Recovery values (spiked concentration levels: 0.5, 5, and 10 microg/mL) ranged from 85.0 +/- 1.4% to 92.3 +/- 2.1% using only CUF preparation. This was applied to measure the concentration of five nucleotides in common infant formulas. 相似文献
86.
Yume KITAGAWA Kaho HAYAKAWA Daichi OIKAWA Kazuki IKEDA Maki IKEDA Daiki HARADA Mitsuhiro FURUSE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(4):511
In modern society, stress caused by relationships and emotions is one of the greatest social problems. Similar to humans, domestic and captive animals live under various stresses. Several stresses have been associated with skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, but there is a lack of reliable and objective indicators for the characterization of this association. This study aimed to define the changes in fatty acid composition and amino acid concentration in the skin following repeated restraint stress in ICR mice. Mice subjected to 30 min of daily restraint stress for 8 days showed changes in the composition of saturated fatty acids, such as an increase in palmitic acid content, which are the substrates of Δ-9 desaturase. Conversely, unsaturated fatty acids decreased with stress treatment, which appeared to be a result of these fatty acids being the substrate of Δ-6 desaturase. Changes in fatty acid composition after stress treatment may be one of the factors that cause skin inflammation. The water-retention capacity may have been lowered by stress treatment because histidine and leucine, which are natural moisturizing factors, were significantly decreased. The collagen content in the skin gradually decreased after repeated stress treatment. Our results indicate that repeated restraint stress may impact skin health through changes in both the fatty acid composition and amino acid concentration in mice. 相似文献
87.
Mikimasa Joh Tetsuya Takatsu Mitsuhiro Nakaya Naoto Yoshida Masayasu Nakagami 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(3):619-628
To examine survival processes in marbled sole Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae larvae, nutritional transition date distributions (NTDDs) were compared between larvae and large juveniles (LJs) in Hakodate
Bay from 2001 to 2003. NTDDs were used instead of hatch date distributions because the onset of increment formation coincides
with the timing of the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutritional sources for marbled sole. LJs were defined as being
large enough to be safe from predation by the sand shrimp Crangon uritai. In 2001 and 2002, the ranges of the NTDDs of LJs largely overlapped with those of the larvae. However, in 2003, the early
cohort (those whose otolith rings formed before 17 March) disappeared from the NTDDs during and after April, and the NTDDs
of LJs were heavily biased toward a later period compared to those of the larvae. In 2003, Oyashio coastal water (<3°C and
≤33.0 salinity) unexpectedly intruded into the bay in late March and lowered the water temperature from 6.3°C on 6 March to
4.1°C on 25 March. One possible cause of mortality in the early cohort of 2003 may be feeding failure caused by the extremely
low water temperature. 相似文献
88.
Validation of otolith daily increments for larval and juvenile Japanese halfbeak Hyporhamphus sajori
Mitsuhiro Nakaya Taizo Morioka Kyohei Fukunaga Sachio Sekiya Tadao Jinbo Hiroshi Nagashima Yasuhiro Ueno 《Fisheries Research》2008,93(1-2):186-189
Daily ring formation was verified by examining the growth of the marginal increment on sagittal otoliths of larval and juvenile Japanese halfbeak Hyporhamphus sajori. The relationship between age (x) and number of increments (y) is y = 1.0x + 2.0. The first daily increment was formed during the 2 days before hatching. The relationship between the number of rings deposited after the alizarin complexone (ALC) mark (x) and the number of increments (y) is given by: y = 1.0x − 0.2. The index of completion of the marginal increment was 99 ± 4.1% (mean ± S.D.) at 04:00, and from 24 ± 4.4% at 08:00 it increased with time of day and reached 98 ± 3.6% until the next day at 04:00. Growth of the incremental zone started a few hours after sunrise prior to which the discontinuous zone seemed to be formed. Light rhythms tend to be one of the most important factors for the formation of the marginal increment on otoliths. Based on the relationships between time of day and the marginal increment on otoliths, it would be possible to estimate the predation time for specimens retrieved from stomach contents, and also clearer analysis of the growth history immediately prior to the sampling time. 相似文献
89.
Environmental functions of tropical forest can serve as criteria for forest conservation planning in the tropics. The objective
of this study is to evaluate the environmental functions of tropical forest in Kinabalu Park, Sabah, Malaysia, using GIS and
remote sensing techniques. Field data, statistical data, including weather data with geographic localities, maps and satellite
image are collected. Linear regression models are developed for forests of different geological substrates, based on the relationships
between altitude and biodiversity (Fisher’s alpha index). Biodiversity conservation function map is derived with the statistical
models and a digital elevation model. Coupling with extensive literature review, an evaluation matrix for evaluating soil
and water conservation functions including landslide prevention, flood prevention and drought prevention functions, is constructed.
To evaluate the soil and water conservation functions, a weighted linear combination method is used with GIS layers of topography,
geology, soil depth, rainfall and slope. Forest areas in Kinabalu Park are derived with land cover mapping using Landsat-TM
image. Areas having high values of biodiversity conservation, flood and drought prevention functions are covered with mainly
lowland rain forest. On the other hand, areas with high values of the landslide prevention function are covered with mainly
subalpine forests. Using the environmental functions, a conservation index is computed to represent forests that are important
to conservation. Based on theCI, the lowland rain forest receives highest priority in protection. In fact, it is located in the boundary areas of the park
and thus exposed to illegal activities.
This study would not be possibly accomplished without the map data as well as other data. 相似文献
90.
Sonia Lanteigne Michael Schindler Andrew M. McDonald Kristina Skeries Yassir Abdu Nathalie M. Mantha Mitsuhiro Murayama Frank C. Hawthorne Michael F. Hochella Jr. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(7):3619-3641
Spherical particles have been sampled from soils and silica-rich rock coatings close to major smelter centers at Coppercliff, Coniston, and Falconbridge in the Sudbury area, Canada. Detailed analyses employing optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and M?ssbauer spectroscopy have been conducted to elucidate their nature, origin and potential alteration. The spherical particles are on the nano- to millimeter-size range and are composed principally of magnetite, hematite, Fe-silicates (olivine, pyroxenes), heazlewoodite, bornite, pyrrhotite, spinels (including trevorite and cuprospinel), delafossite, and cuprite or tenorite. The spinels present have variable Cu and Ni contents, whereas delafossite and cuprite are Ni free. Texturally, the spherical particles are composed of a Fe-oxide?CFe-silicate matrix with sulfide inclusions. The matrix displays growth features of a Fe-rich phase that commonly form during rapid cooling and transformation processes within smelter and converter facilities. Examination of weathered spherical particles indicates that some sulfide inclusions have dissolved prior to the alteration of the Fe-silicates and oxides and that the weathering of Fe-silicates occurs simultaneously with the transformation of magnetite into hematite. A higher proportion of Cu vs. Ni in the clay and organic fraction noted in the Sudbury soils is explained by (1) the formation of stronger adsorption complexes between Cu and the corresponding surface species and (2) the preferential release of Cu vs. Ni by smelter-derived particles. The latter mechanism is based on the observations that (a) cuprospinels have higher dissolution rates than Ni spinels, (b) a larger proportion of Cu occurs in the nanometer-size (and thus more soluble) fraction of the emitted particles, and (c) Ni spinels of relatively low solubility form in the alteration zone of heazlewoodite inclusions. 相似文献