朝鲜鹌鹑遗传多样性微卫星标记分析

选用鹌鹑上的12个微卫星位点,对随机选取朝鲜鹌鹑的40个个体进行多态性检测,共检测到55个等位基因,每个座位平均等位基因数为4.583个。该群体平均多态信息含量和平均杂合度分别为0.6945和0.7111,表明朝鲜鹌鹑属多态性较丰富的群体。     

动物园草食动物肠道寄生虫感染情况和治疗效果回顾性分析

应用离心沉淀法和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法对郑州市动物园22种草食动物共88份粪便样品进行调查。寄生虫总感染率为19.31%,球虫、线虫和鞭虫感染率分别为7.95%、12.50%和2.27%。数据分析显示,寄生虫感染率逐年递减,比2003年降低了39.95%,感染程度也明显减轻。表明该园防控措施具有良好效果,为今后动物园制定有关寄生虫病防治措施提供了参考依据。     

高钙牛奶稳定性研究

钙强化后的高钙牛奶可以提供更多利于人体的钙质,研究了制备高钙牛奶时所需要的钙源、乳化剂以及增稠剂,采用正交试验确定了复配稳定剂的成分及用量,并利用粒径分析仪对高钙牛奶稳定性进行了研究.     

Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma gene in various chicken tissues

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the members of superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. A great number of studies in rodent and human have shown that PPARs were involved in the lipids metabolism. The goal of the current study was to investigate the expression pattern of PPAR genes in various tissues of chicken. The tissue samples (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, intestine, brain, breast muscle and adipose) were collected from six Arber Acres broilers (8 weeks old, male and female birds are half and half). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Northern blot were used to characterize the expression of PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma genes in the above tissues. By semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the results showed the expression level of PPAR-alpha gene was higher in brain, lung, kidney, heart and intestine, medium in stomach, liver and adipose than in spleen, and it did not express in breast muscle. The expression level of PPAR-gamma gene was higher in adipose, medium in brain and kidney than in spleen, heart, lung, stomach and intestine, but it did not express in liver and breast muscle. Northern blot results showed that PPAR-alpha gene expressed in heart, liver, kidney and stomach, and the intensity of hybridization signal was the stronger in liver and kidney than in other tissues, however, PPAR-gamma gene only expressed in adipose and kidney tissues. The results of this study showed the profile of PPAR gene expression in the chicken was similar to that in rodent, human and pig. However the expression profile of chicken also have its own specific trait, i.e. compared with mammals, PPAR-alpha gene can not be detected in skeletal muscle and PPAR-gamma gene can be stronger expressed in kidney tissues. This work will provide some basic data for the PPAR genes expression and lipids metabolism of birds.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒江苏分离株ORF5及Nsp2基因部分序列分析

对2006—2007年分离于江苏省部分发病猪场的PRRSV,采用RT-PCR技术,进行ORF5基因序列以及Nsp2基因部分序列的扩增、克隆并测序。应用DNAStar软件将测序结果与已发表的国内外参考毒株进行比对分析。结果表明,分离的21株病毒ORF5基因大小均为603bp;与国内分离株之间同源性为87.7%～97.0%,与国外美洲型分离株同源性为85.6%～90.5%;21株PRRSV分离株与欧洲型毒株之间的同源性仅为54.1%～56.6%。14株用于扩增Nsp2基因部分序列的PRRSV在全基因组第2778～2780位及第2947～3033位分别缺3个和87个碱基,其中的2个江苏扬州分离株在第2747～2836位又缺失了90个碱基;14个毒株之间同源性为93.2%～99.0%,与VR-2332相比同源性为74.9%～78.5%,与国内河北、河南等地2006年的PRRSV分离株相比同源性为94.1%～99.1%。     

Separating component parts of soil respiration under <Emphasis Type="Italic">Robinia pseudoacacia</Emphasis> plantation in the Taihang Mountains,China

Partitioning the respiratory components of soil surface CO₂ efflux is important in understanding carbon turnover and in identifying the soil carbon sink/source function in response to land-use change. The sensitivities of soil respiration components on changing climate patterns are currently not fully understood. We used trench and isotopic methods to separate total soil respiration into autotrophic (R _A ) and heterotrophic components (R _H ). This study was undertaken on a Robinia pseudoacacia L. plantation in the southern Taihang Mountains, China. The fractionation of soil ¹³CO₂ was analyzed by comparing the δ¹³C of soil CO₂ extracted from buried steel tubes with results from Gas Vapor Probe Kits at a depth of 50 cm at the preliminary test (2.03‰). The results showed that the contribution of autotrophic respiration (fR _A ) increased with increasing soil depth. The contribution of heterotrophic respiration (fR _H ) declined with increasing soil depth. The contribution of autotrophic respiration was similar whether estimated by the trench method (fR _A , 23.50%) or by the isotopic method in which a difference in value of ¹³C between soil and plant prevailed in the natural state (RC, 21.03%). The experimental error produced by the trench method was insignificant as compared with that produced by the isotopic method, providing a technical basis for further investigations.     

皮下包埋两性霉素B对兔真菌性皮肤病治疗效果研究

兔真菌性皮肤病是一类传染性极强的人畜共患接触性皮肤病。试验选取体重相近,已感染真菌性皮肤病的吉戎兔15只,分为3组,每组5只,试验组Ⅰ为对照组,注射生理盐水,组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ皮下分别包埋5mg和10mg的两性霉素颗粒剂。给药前和给药后第10天、第20天和第30天分别称重,并观察测定兔皮毛生长及秃斑恢复情况。结果表明,试验组兔增重均高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),试验末期组II和组Ⅲ秃斑恢复分别达95%和90%。因此,采用皮下包埋的给药方式有效地延长了两性霉素B的药效时间,可有效治愈兔真菌性皮肤病。     

牛胚胎移植技术的产业化研究

本文探讨了引进国外优质奶、肉牛冷冻胚胎建立核心群，以及供体牛选择、超数排卵、胚胎冷冻保存和分割等相关技术，为牛胚胎移植产业化奠定基础。     

从甘肃奶业发展趋势看草业发展的前景

本文从甘肃的特点论述了“尽快把畜牧业发展成一个大产业”，抓住以退耕还林还草为重点的西部大开发机遇，大力发展草业，加快实现种植业“二元结构”向“三元结构”的转变。大力发展奶业，草业和奶业的结合是历史的必然。     

脂肪酸调控奶牛乳腺microRNAs研究进展

脂类是一种可以为动物体储存和提供能量的物质,大量研究证实,日粮中脂类的改变可以改变microRNAs（miRNAs）的表达从而影响机体生命活动。本综述主要概括了脂肪酸对奶牛乳腺miRNAs的调控作用,从奶牛乳腺miRNAs表达特征、调控乳脂合成的miRNAs及外源添加脂肪酸对乳腺miRNAs的调控三个方面进行概述,旨在从转录后调控角度,建立营养物质与乳腺功能的联系,为未来相关研究提供参考。