不同水分条件下不同抗旱性苦荞根系生长规律研究

为了探明不同抗旱性苦荞根系形态和生理特性与抗旱性的关系,为干旱胁迫下苦荞高产优质栽培管理及抗旱品种的筛选提供理论依据,采用人工控水的方法,研究并分析了正常供水、重度干旱条件下不同抗旱性苦荞品种迪庆苦荞（耐旱）、黑丰1号（旱敏感）根系生长形态和生理指标变化。结果表明,干旱胁迫显著增加了苦荞根冠比、根系丙二醛（MDA）和脯氨酸（Pro）含量,而最大根长、根体积、根表面积显著降低。随着生育期推进,各处理苦荞最大根长、根体积、根表面积、MDA含量等指标均呈现逐渐增加趋势,根冠比、Pro含量呈现先增后减趋势。品种之间方差分析结果表明,重度干旱胁迫条件下,各测定时期迪庆苦荞的根冠比、最大根长、根体积、根表面积、根系Pro含量均显著高于黑丰1号,MDA含量则显著低于黑丰1号。回归分析表明,不同处理苦荞根表面积、最大根长等指标在测定时期内随时间变化的数学模型均符合指数函数,根体积、MDA含量等指标均符合一元二次方程的规律。干旱胁迫下苦荞根系与地上部分的生长均受到抑制,且表现为对地上部的影响大于对根系;与黑丰1号相比,迪庆苦荞耐旱性更强。     

Analysis and Assessment on Heavy Metal Contamination in Cotton Seeds of Hunan Province

[Objective] In order to guarantee the quality and safety of cotton products and to explore the feasibility of alternative planting, the contamination condition of the heavy metals in cotton seeds in Hunan province was investigated and evaluated. [Method] Fifty-six cotton seed samples, collected in 6 counties of Hunan province, were collected to determine 6 indicators including cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, mercury and inorganic arsenic contents. This was followed by pollution index calculation, correlation analysis, and cluster analysis. [Results] The range of comprehensive pollution indexes of Junshan district, Anxiang county, Nanxian county, Wangcheng and Dingcheng districts varied between 0.366 5–0.577 0, which belonged to a secure level. However, the single pollution indexes of Hengyang county are relatively high. The comprehensive pollution index of Hengyang county was 0.801 6, meaning a mild pollution level. [Conclusion] The pollution status of cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, mercury and arsenic in Hunan cottonseed samples are generally acceptable. Cotton could be a substitute for rice on contaminated soil.     

供应链视角下菌农参与可追溯管理意愿研究

随着市场竞争的加剧以及消费者对食用菌需求的提高,食用菌供应链独立、分散、小规模的特点已经不能满足食用菌行业发展的现状,菌农作为食用菌供应链中的参与主体,在供应链中占有重要的位置,发挥着不可替代的作用。菌农主动参与供应链垂直协作的意愿较为强烈,但影响菌农参与供应链链条的因素很多,这与食用菌生产经营、消费特征、交易收入分不开。在供应链视角下,加快将菌农纳入食用菌行业供应链环节,建设高效的食用菌供应体系,提高菌农组织化程度,对加强食用菌供应链建设,优化食用菌供应模式,提高供应链运作效率具有至关重要的意义。     

吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌JK-SH007产嗜铁素的相关基因克隆及条件优化

为了明确吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌Burkholderia Pyrrocinia JK-SH007是否产嗜铁素,揭示其生防机制,本文通过CAS检测该菌株产嗜铁素的能力,并对其嗜铁素合成相关基因cepR进行克隆及序列分析,同时采用单因素试验及响应面法对菌株JK-SH007产嗜铁素条件进行优化。结果表明,菌株JK-SH007具有明显的产嗜铁素能力,其嗜铁素合成相关基因cepR大小为720 bp,与B.pyrrocinia（EU034001）的亲缘关系最近,同源性为99%,两者序列相似性为97%,13个位点出现SNP;另外菌株JK-SH007 cepR基因编码的氨基酸序列有3个氨基酸发生了替换,两者一致性为97%。该菌产嗜铁素最优培养时间是15 h、pH 8、转速200 r/min、最佳碳源和氮源分别是甘油和氯化铵;PB试验筛选出影响该菌株产嗜铁素的关键性因素分别是pH、加碳量、加氮量;CCD试验结果显示,pH和加氮量的交互作用较明显;最终采用Design-Expert软件分析出菌株JK-SH007产嗜铁素最佳方案为碳源加入量15.00 g/L、氮源加入量10.50 g/L、温度30℃、pH 7.36,优化后菌株产嗜铁素能力由18.59提升到37.86,响应面优化产嗜铁素条件的效果是显著的,嗜铁素产量得到明显提高。     

All-trans retinoic acid attenuates blood-brain barrier injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats through JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on blood-brain barrier after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury in rats and its possible role mechanism.METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, model (CIR) group and CIR+ATRA (10, 30 and 90 mg/kg) groups. The rat model of CIR injury was established by MCAO thread occlusion method. After ischemia for 1.5 h and reperfusion for 24 h, the neurological functional behavioral score, cerebral infarction volume, brain water content and Evans blue content were determined. The activity of matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) was measured by gelatin zymography. The protein levels of claudin-5, occludin, ZO-1, JNK, p-JNK, P38, p-P38 and MMP-9 in the brain tissues were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with CIR model group, ATRA at 30 mg/kg significantly improved neurological function, and decreased cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, Evans blue content and the degradation of tight junction proteins in ischemic area (P<0.01). The activity and protein expression of MMP-9 in ischemic brain tissue were decreased (P<0.01). The phosphorylation of JNK and P38 was inhibited and the protein levels of p-JNK and p-P38 were decreased (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: ATRA reduces the damage of brain tissue and the destruction of blood-brain barrier induced by CIR in rats. The protective effect may be related to inhibiting the activation of JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathway and MMP-9.     

基于蛋白质组学研究光质对番茄果实挥发性物质的影响机理

以‘Micro-Tom’番茄(Solanum lycopersicum L.)为试材,种子发芽后30d移入人工气候室,分别进行红/蓝光组合(1:1、3:1、5:1、7:1)处理,以白光处理为对照。在番茄果实绿熟期、转色期、成熟期取样,测定果实挥发性物质含量及蛋白组数据。结果表明,在转色期和成熟期,对番茄风味有积极作用的己醛、反式–2–己烯醛、β–紫罗兰酮、牻牛儿丙酮、6–甲基–5–庚烯–2–酮、2–苯乙醇、愈伤木酚的含量在红/蓝光3︰1组合处理中最高,而对风味有消极作用的水杨酸甲酯的含量较低,并且在成熟期为0。进一步分析了红/蓝光3︰1组合处理与对照相比的差异蛋白,在成熟过程中番茄果实共鉴定到12个与挥发性物质产生有关的差异蛋白,其中8个上调表达,4个下调表达。通过对12个差异蛋白进行mRNA水平的验证发现,只有转色期的苯丙酮酸互变异构酶(MIF)在蛋白质和mRNA水平表达不一致,其他11个蛋白在两个水平表达均一致。     

不同嫁接方法对番茄嫁接工效和嫁接苗种苗质量的影响

为获得一种适应番茄集约化嫁接育苗的高效嫁接方法,以中研红2号为接穗和砧木,同时播种,比较了劈接、套管嫁接和贴接3种嫁接方法对番茄嫁接工效和嫁接苗质量的影响。结果表明,贴接法的嫁接速率和嫁接成活率显著高于劈接法和套管嫁接法;3种嫁接方法的嫁接苗形态指标无显著差异;嫁接后22 d,贴接法嫁接苗相对叶绿素和可溶性糖含量显著高于劈接法和套管嫁接法。综合来看,砧木和接穗苗龄相同时,番茄贴接法的嫁接工效最高,嫁接苗质量最好,可在生产中推广应用。