低温胁迫对钝顶螺旋藻细胞过氧化和质膜透性的影响

低温胁迫下,测定了2个不同生境的钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)细胞丙二醛含量和电解质外渗量,对钝顶螺旋藻细胞过氧化和质膜透性进行了研究。结果发现,在相同条件下,MDA含量和质膜伤害程度均为S2>S1,S1质膜过氧化程度小于S2,,抗寒性强于S2;随着低胁迫的增强,2个样品的MDA含量均呈升高趋势,细胞电解质外渗增加,细胞过氧化程度加大,质膜透性增强;经低温锻炼后2个样品的MDA量均比直接低温处理的低,质膜的伤害程度也小,说明低温锻炼能增强钝顶螺旋藻对低温逆境的适应性。     

碱茅种子发芽检测标准方法的研究

于2008年以碱茅(Puccinellia distans Parl)种子为材料,研究在10-25℃、10-30℃、15-25℃、15-30℃、20-30℃变温处理和15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃恒温以及预处理条件下,筛选确定碱茅种子发芽的最适温度和光照条件条件,为碱茅种子质量检测的标准化提供参考依据。结果表明:碱茅种子在20-30℃ 8h高温光照16h低温黑暗条件下发芽率最高,预处理对碱茅种子发芽无显著影响。碱茅种子发芽计数时间确定为第7d进行初次计数,第14d进行末次计数。并在此温度条件下选用5个碱茅种子样品进行发芽测定,可以反映碱茅种子的发芽水平,而且硝酸钾和预先冷冻处理对碱茅种子发芽促进作用不明显。     

农业技术进步构成因素的分解及评价——以浙江省为例

在分解农业技术进步构成因素的基础上,采用德尔菲专家调查的办法,对浙江省促进农业技术进步的生产技术、经营管理方法与政策、服务技术三大类12项构成因素的权重进行了测定和评价。结果显示：农业生产技术对农业技术进步起决定性的作用,贡献度超过了50%;12个单项因素中,动植物品种改良技术贡献最大;管理与服务技术中,对农民的教育培训技术贡献较大。根据评价结果提出一些政策性的建议：加强良种良法的研究和推广;重视农业机械化水平和农民文化素质水平的提高;促进硬技术和软技术的协调发展等。     

二氧化氯对沙门氏菌生物被膜的影响

通过扫描电镜和测定数据表明,在不锈钢表面形成的沙门氏菌生物被膜培养8 h后细菌密度达到3×10⁶ cfu/cm²;沙门氏菌以生物被膜的形式生长比以浮游形式对二氧化氯具有更强的抵抗能力;胰酶大豆肉汤(tryptone soy broth,TSB)等营养物质能明显减弱生物被膜对二氧化氯的敏感性。     

Affine invariant shape recognition with particle swarmoptimization algorithm

Focusing on the problem that affine transformation will exist among the contour images due to variation of the viewpoints, a new approach to extract affine invariant features and matching strategy is proposed for shape recognition. First, the centroid distance and azimuth angle of each boundary point are computed. Then, with a prior defined angle interval, all the points in the neighbor region of the sample point are considered to calculate the average distance for eliminating noise. After that, the centroid distance ratios(CDRs) of any two contour points with angle difference of 180° are achieved as the representation of the shape, which would be invariant to affine transformation. Since the angles of contour points changed non linearly among affine related images, the CDRs should be resampled to build corresponding relationship. It could be regarded as an optimization problem of path planning. In our method, a PSO based path planning model is presented to address this problem. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in shape recognition with translation, scaling, rotation, distortion and noise interference.     

Preconditioned GMRES(m) boundary element method for powerfrequency electric field of key devices within substation

The traditional direct iteration method has low computational efficiency, poor iterative performance and computational difficulties for the analysis of power frequency electric field (PFEF) of key devices within substation, especially involving multi medium.The preconditioning generalized minimal residual (GMRES) boundary element method (BEM) is proposed to enhance computational efficiency of three dimensional PFEF of key devices within substation, where it can’t be solved by the traditional direct iteration method. The basic principle and implementation steps are given. PFEF distribution of switch and break for 500kV substation switch field is presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of preconditioning GMRES BEM for studying large scale PFEF of key devices within substation. The proposed preconditioning GMRES BEM can not only improve convergence rate and residual convergence rate but also reduce computation cost without decreasing accuracy. Therefore, it is superior to direct iteration method and a suitable algorithm to solve the large scale systems arising from the PFEF of key devices within substation.     

癸氧喹酯抗鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病机理研究

为探讨癸氧喹酯抗球虫机理,本试验选用1日龄的艾维因肉鸡90羽,随机分为3组,分别为非攻虫对照组(CK1组)、攻虫对照组(CK2组)和处理组(Dec组,饲粮中添加500mg/kg癸氧喹酯),每组3个重复,每个重复10羽,17日龄攻虫,攻虫量为孢子化卵囊5×104个/羽,24日龄全部宰杀。结果表明:Dec组鸡平均增重显著高于CK2组(P<0.05),卵囊减少31.87%(P<0.01),盲肠病变计分较CK2组降低58.3%(P<0.01),ACI较CK2组显著提高了18.5%(P<0.01);Dec组IFN-γ、IgG、TNF-α含量、CD4+/CD8+值较CK2组分别显著提高了53.87%(P<0.01)、14.6%(P<0.05)、21.76%(P<0.01)、42.2%(P<0.05),sIgA含量提高了近29倍(P<0.01)。结果表明,癸氧喹酯能抑制鸡球虫在体内的繁殖,改善由鸡球虫造成的盲肠病变,激活肉仔鸡免疫系统。     

枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长性能及其抗氧化和免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)对罗斯308肉鸡抗氧化能力和免疫性能的影响。试验选用1日龄罗斯308肉鸡216羽,随机分为2组,每组设3个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组在基础日粮中添加B.subtilis105CFU/g。饲养试验期为42d。结果表明:与对照组相比,处理组肉鸡日增重提高了12.20%(P0.05),血清与肝脏的总抗氧化能力(P0.05)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.01)显著增加;血清中丙二醛(MDA)、NO及肝脏中MDA水平(P0.05)显著降低。此外,日粮中添加B.subtilis显著提高了肉鸡胸腺指数、法氏囊指数和血清中IgG水平(P0.05),而对脾脏指数及血清中溶菌酶、白介素-2、肿瘤坏死因子-α等指标无显著影响(P0.05)。结果提示,日粮中添加适量B.subtilis可通过提高肉鸡的抗氧化与免疫功能而改善其生长性能。     

杂交晚籼新组合"荣优225"的选育及高产原因分析

"荣优225"是江西省农科院水稻所选育的高产杂交水稻新组合,2007-2008年在江西省区试中2年平均单产7 016.25 kg/hm2,比对照"金优207"增产6.56%;2009年在南方稻区区试中平均单产7 602.75 kg/hm2,比对照"金优207"增产8.46%.米质达国优2级,且稻瘟病抗性和稻米品质均优于对照,2009年3月通过江西省品种审定.该组合高产的原因:一是在生育期适当延长的基础上显著提高日产量;二是单位面积穗数和单穗重的协同增加,其中以单穗重的贡献率更大,单穗重的提高主要是每穗总粒数的增加所致.最后还对杂交水稻超高产育种进行讨论.     

自花结实鸭梨品种自交亲和分子机理研究

对鸭梨及其自花结实变异品种-金坠梨和魏县阎庄自花结实鸭梨的S基因进行了研究。通过对3个品种基因组DNA进行S基因特异性PCR扩增,扩增产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测发现,在370 bp左右均扩增出了1条带,但不能区分2个S等位基因;经8%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测发现,鸭梨和金坠梨在370 bp左右有2条带,而魏县阎庄自花结实鸭梨只有1条带,表明魏县阎庄自花结实鸭梨系鸭梨的1个S基因发生了变异,从而导致自交亲和;进一步研究表明,魏县阎庄自花结实鸭梨S1基因正常,系S21基因发生了变异,导致自交亲和;金坠梨和鸭梨谱带无差别,自交亲和机理可能是调控S基因表达的修饰基因发生了变异,导致自交亲和。