二氢吡啶(Diludin)对产蛋鸡内分泌的影响

１ ０２４羽３００日龄罗曼蛋鸡随机分４组,分别饲喂二氢吡啶（Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ）添加量０,１００,１５０,２００ ｍｇ／ｋｇ的４种饲粮,于饲喂后第３０日和第８０日采血和屠宰,研究其对蛋鸡内分泌功能的影响。结果显 示：Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ均显著地提高了腺垂体和血清中ＦＳＨ,ＬＨ含量,其中垂体ＦＳＨ和ＬＨ含量随饲喂剂量提高 而增加,血清ＦＳＨ和ＬＨ含量以１５０ ｍｇ／ｋｇ组效果最佳;Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ提高了血清Ｔ３含量,Ｔ４差异不显著, ３０日Ｔ３随饲粮中Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ递增而增加,８０日１５０,２００ ｍｇ／ｋｇ组与对照组差异显著;饲粮中添加Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ 具有改进血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）水平,其中８０ 日 １５０,２００ ｍｇ／ｋｇ组与对照组差异显著;１５０ ｍｇ／ｋｇ Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ显 著提高血清中孕酮（Ｐ４）含量;饲粮中添Ｄｉｌｕｄｉｎ显著提高下丘脑和腺垂体中ｃＡＭＰ含量。     

小麦根系生理研究现状及展望

在大量阅读国内外有关文献的基础上,阐述了小麦根系生理研究的意义、历史和现状,并对其研究前景提出了见解。     

蒸汽爆破对烟梗色度及内在品质的影响

【目的】探索蒸汽爆破条件对烟梗品质的影响,以提高烟梗在卷烟生产中的可用性。【方法】以制丝线上膨胀前烟梗（汽梗）为研究对象,设定维压压力为0.8,1.0和1.2 MPa,保持时间为30,60,和90 s,采用两因素三水平完全试验设计进行蒸汽爆破处理,测定蒸汽爆破处理（T1~T9）后烟梗的常规化学成分、总细胞壁物质、致香物质含量,检测烟梗色度和膨胀度,分析不同汽爆条件对烟梗色度和内在品质的影响。【结果】经蒸汽爆破处理后,烟梗还原糖和总糖含量降低,而烟碱含量增加,其中T5、T6处理烟梗的糖碱比和两糖比接近于优质烤烟质量,氮碱比相对较低,含氮化合物转化及化学协调性较好,其果胶质含量较汽梗分别降低7.71%和14.59%,半纤维素含量较汽梗分别降低23.95%和18.46%,总细胞壁物质和木质素含量相对较低。与汽梗相比,蒸汽爆破后烟梗的亮度（L）、黄度（b）明显降低,红度（a）和色差值（ΔE）均显著增加,饱和度（C）总体降低,其中T1、T3、T4、T5、T7处理烟梗色度同烟叶较为接近;蒸汽爆破后烟梗芳香族氨基酸降解产物、西柏烷类降解产物和类胡萝卜素降解产物显著降低,而美拉德反应物、叶绿素降解产物和中性致香成分总量明显升高,其中T5处理烟梗致香物质总量最高,促进了美拉德反应物的产生,烟梗膨胀度较高（达到153.02%）,膨胀效果较好。相关性分析表明,蒸汽爆破维压压力和维压持续时间与烟梗主要内在品质具有显著相关性,色度与部分化学品质具有显著相关性。【结论】蒸汽爆破维压压力为1.0 MPa,维压时间为60 s时,烟梗膨胀度达到153.02%,汽爆后烟梗的色度和内在品质相对较好。     

生物有机肥DNBF32对黑土中阿特拉津消减及土壤细菌群落结构的影响

试验研究生物有机肥DNBF32对除草剂阿特拉津在玉米田土壤中残留量及玉米生长情况的调控作用,并通过关注土壤细菌群落结构对DNBF32施用响应探讨DNBF32强化阿特拉津消减及调节玉米生长潜在作用机制.田间试验结果表明,DNBF32施用量为150 kg·hm-2以上时,玉米成熟期土壤中无阿特拉津检出.上述施用水平的DNB...     

Study on Nitrogen Distribution in Leaf, Stem and Sheath at Different Layers in Winter Wheat Canopy and Their Influence on Grain Quality

Vertical distribution of nitrogen in wheat canopy, nitrogen remobilization and their influence on grain quality of winter wheat were studied. Two winter wheat cultivars, Jingdong8, a common cultivar, and Zhongyou9507, a high quality cultivar, were selected. Leaf nitrogen showed an obvious decreasing trend from the canopy top to the ground surface for all treatments in growth duration. There was no apparent vertical nitrogen gradient in stem and sheath of Zhongyou9507 compared with Jingdong8. Zhongyou9507 had more nitrogen remobilization from leaf, stem and sheath than Jingdong8 from middle grain filling to waxening, especially the nitrogen remobilization amount in stem and sheath, which was higher than that in Jingdong8 during growth duration. Higher vertical nitrogen gradients in Jingdong8 at anthesis had disadvantages on its grain quality. But higher vertical nitrogen gradients between middle and lower layers of Jingdong8 at grain filling stage enhanced its grain quality. Higher vertical nitrogen gradients in upper layer at anthesis and upper layer leaf and middle layer stem and sheath at grain filling stage had advantages on protein accumulation in grain of Zhongyou9507. There were positive correlations between foliar nitrogen remobilization amount and grain quality at later growth stage for the two cultivars. There was a positive correlation between quality of Jingdong8 and stem and sheath nitrogen remobilization amount from anthesis to early grain filling, and that of Zhongyou9507 emerged from anthesis to early grain filling and from middle grain filling to waxening. Contribution of leaf nitrogen to the quality of Jingdong8 was larger than nitrogen from stem and sheath. High protein content of Zhongyou9507 was attributed to the nitrogen condition in its leaf, stem and sheath. Nitrogen in stem and sheath played a more important role on the grain quality of Zhongyou9507 than on that of Jingdong8.     

水稻乳苗抛栽与其它栽培方式干物质生产特性的比较研究

对水稻乳苗抛栽和手插秧、抛秧、水直播的干物积累与分配进行了分析。结果表明，不同群体经济产量与总干物质积累量、抽穗期至灌浆期的干物质积累速度之间的正相关达极显著水平，与抽穗前干物质积累量的正相关未达显著水平，与抽穗后的干物质积累量呈极显著正相关。水稻乳苗抛栽干物质积累速度低，抽穗灌浆期至成熟期绿叶和茎鞘干重比例较高，抽穗后干物质积累量低。     

蝴蝶兰原球茎组织学研究

采用常规方法对蝴蝶兰原球茎结构进行了解剖研究。结果表明：蝴蝶兰原球茎表面存在透明的根状纤毛。中间有分生区。顶端有生长点,在原球茎上部有气孔。在原球茎外层组织中存在成簇的“棒状结构”．是兰花原球茎所特有的。在部分原球茎细胞中存在真菌的菌丝,是与兰花共生的真菌。     

Study on Effect of Pesticides on Rice Leaf Photosynthate Export Rate with Tracer Kinetics

Impacts of three pesticides, triazophos, jingganmycin and bisultap, on the export rate of photosynthate of rice leaf were studied with 14C for rice varieties, spraying time and application rate. Dynamics data of photosynthate of labeled rice functional leaves of different treatments were recorded with living plant nutrient detection instrument with multi-probes through tracer method of radioactive nuclide. Compartment analysis model and mathematical equations were constructed using principle and method of kinetics analysis,calculating constant (K) of export rate. The result showed that the export rate of photosynthate of labeled leaf reduced after pesticide treatments. The reduction of the export rate was positively related with the pesticide application rates and mainly attributed to decrease of photosynthetic rate.     

Visual Programming of Stochastic Weather Generator and Future Applications on Agroecological Study

Based on former studies on weather simulator modules in IPMist laboratory, study on visual programming of stochastic weather generator (VS-WGEN) was continued. In this study, Marlkov Chain,Monte Carlo, Fourier Series, and weak stationary process were used to generate the daily weather data in software Matlab 6.0, with the data input from 40 years' weather data recorded by Beijing Weather Station. The generated data includes daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation and solar radiation. It has been verified that the weather data generated by the VS-WGEN were more accurate than that by the old WGEN, when twenty new model parameters were included. VS-WGEN bas wide software applications,such as pest risk analysis, pest forecast and management. It can be implemented in hardware development as well, such as weather control in weather chamber and greenhouse for researches on ecological adaptation of crop varieties to a given location over time and space. Overall, VS-WGEN is a very useful tool for studies on theoretical and applied ecology.     

酶法链淀粉流变特性的研究

用异淀粉酶对淀粉进行切枝，研究了酶变性后淀粉糊的流变特性及其影响因素。结果表明：在ω（淀粉糊）为2%-6%，湿度25-70℃的实验条件下，酶解链淀粉呈现假塑性流体特征，具有触变性和剪切稀化性质，淀粉糊的链淀粉含量，浓度，温度等因素对其表观粘度有较大的影响。