I群禽腺病毒的分离鉴定及其致病性研究

为了解Ⅰ群腺病毒（FAV-I）在鸡群中的感染状况,对收集的178份疑似病料进行鸡胚病变、细胞病变特征分析,利用RT-PCR、基因测序和BLAST进行病毒的分离鉴定,成功分离出25株FAV-I,其中20株与血清4型同源性较高,5株与血清8型同源性较高。动物回归试验结果表明,攻毒鸡的临床症状和病理变化与自然发病鸡基本一致。     

湖南省长沙市动物卫生监督执法工作调研

通过对湖南省长沙市动物卫生监督所提升行政执法能力探索的综述,分析了现有制度存在发展理念滞后、体制机制未理顺、监督力量薄弱、执法手段落后、法律法规不够完善等问题,建议从统筹规划、监管体系、工作保障、宣传引导等方面入手,全方位提升动物卫生监督执法能力。     

龙岩地区部分猪场弓形虫病的血清学调查

通过间接血凝(IHA)试验对采自龙岩地区12个猪场的2055份猪血清进行弓形虫病的抗体检测,结果表明猪弓形虫病在龙岩地区呈散发性流行。样品阳性率为5.99%,各猪场之间的抗体阳性率有一定差异,最高为16.22%,最低为0。在母猪群中随着胎次的增加,弓形虫病抗体阳性率也升高,由1～2胎的6.72%上升到5胎以上的12.18%;育肥猪群总体弓形虫病抗体阳性率较低,由哺乳仔猪的10.94%缓慢降至育肥猪的1.62%,呈现出随日龄增加弓形虫病抗体阳性率逐渐降低的趋势。     

A deficient or an excess of dietary threonine level affects intestinal mucosal integrity and barrier function in broiler chickens

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of deficient or excess of dietary threonine (Thr) levels on intestinal integrity and barrier function of broilers. A total of 432 1‐day‐old commercial broilers (Arbor Acre) were assigned to four experiment groups consisting of six replicates of 18 birds. The treatments were designed as follows: 85%, 100%, 125% and 150% of NRC (Nutrient requirements of poultry (9th edn). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1994) recommendations. The results indicated that expressions of jejunal and ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) mRNA were increased linearly or quadratically by increasing Thr (p < .05), and the highest sIgA mRNA abundance was obtained in 125% Thr level. Likewise, the intestinal sIgA content showed similar increasing trend with the intestinal sIgA gene expression in this instance. The high level of Thr inclusion upregulated mucin 2 (MUC2) mRNA expression in the jejunum and ileum (p < .05). In addition, on day 21, the expression levels of jejunal zonula occludens‐2 (ZO‐2) and ileal zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) decreased then increased with increasing Thr level (p < .05), whereas, the mRNA expressions of occludin in the jejunum and ileum had no significant difference amongst groups (p >.05). On day 42, Thr treatments did not affect the mRNA abundance of measured genes in the jejunum and ileum (p > .05). These findings suggested that Thr might be a nutrient immunomodulator that affects intestinal barrier function, moreover, 125% of the NRC (1994) recommendations Thr level was optimum.     

啤酒糟发酵产高蛋白饲料菌种的配伍

以啤酒糟为主要原料,采用多菌种混合固态发酵生产蛋白饲料,并通过菌种的配伍实验对发酵产蛋白饲料菌种的组合进行优化,试验结果表明:挑选的8株菌都能在以啤酒糟为唯一底物的平板上生长,并且菌种最佳组合为固氮菌、白地霉、绿色木霉、啤酒酵母、热带假丝酵母等5株菌,其发酵后的蛋白质含量为31.45%,粗蛋白为39.22%,无机氮转化率为56.42%。     

不同植物蛋白源日粮对山羊血液氮素代谢的影响

本试验旨在研究不同植物蛋白源日粮对山羊血液氮素代谢的影响。选择3头体况良好安装有颈动脉、门静脉和肠系膜静脉插管的徐淮白山羊,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,以3种植物蛋白饲料-豆粕(A)、棉粕(B)和玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(C)作为蛋白源。结果表明:不同蛋白源日粮显著影响动脉和门静脉中尿素氮浓度(P<0.05);显著影响肠系膜静脉中总15N、蛋白态15N和氨基酸态15N丰度(P<0.05),且血液中15N丰度均为C组>A组>B组;各处理组间门静脉排流组织(PDV)和肠系膜排流组织(MDV)中总15N和蛋白态15N净流量差异均不显著(P>0.05),但不同蛋白源日粮显著影响PDV和MDV组织中游离氨基酸态15N净流量,且均以C组最高;各处理组中总游离氨基酸(TFAA)和总肽结合氨基酸(TPAA)浓度均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。综合上述,徐淮白山羊以玉米干酒糟及其可溶物作为植物蛋白源比豆粕和棉粕效果更好。     

细粒棘球蚴Eg95s基因的串联表达及表达系统优化

为研制新型棘球蚴病基因工程疫苗,根据GenBank公布的细粒棘球蚴Eg95基因序列,针对其中一段348 bp高度亲水的优势表位序列设计引物,扩增Eg95s基因,利用同尾酶法基因同向串联方案,获得3拷贝Eg95s串联体。分别用两种表达载体pGEX-6p-1和pET-32a构建重组质粒,转化入3种大肠杆菌表达宿主BL21(DE3)、Rosseta(DE3)和Origami (DE3),对其进行IPTG诱导表达,经免疫印迹分析结果表明,均能正确表达具有免疫原性的Eg95s蛋白。通过重组蛋白的表达量、可溶性、纯化方法等方面的比较,对Eg95s重组表达系统的载体及宿主菌进行了优化,结果表明,3拷贝的串联Eg95s在以pET-32a为表达载体,Rosseta(DE3)为宿主菌的系统中表达最佳。最终获得了表达量高、可溶性好、纯化方便的Eg95s重组蛋白表达系统,为大规模生产棘球蚴病基因工程疫苗提供了科学依据。     

苜蓿雄性不育系杂交制种利用的研究

通过近20年的研究,已选育出遗传性稳定的苜蓿雄性不育系Ms-4,该不育系属于完全不育的类型,适合于制种利用;已寻找确定出强优势的杂交组合--Ms-4×新疆大叶苜蓿,该组合小面积试验比对照增产58.4%,可供杂交制种之用;已开始小面积的杂交制种试验,并已获得杂交种种子,现在正在进行品比、区试和生产试验,预计到2000年我国自己制种出来的第一个杂交苜蓿即可投入生产上推广,该项成果可望成为21世纪我国苜蓿大幅度增产的先进措施之一.     

免疫卵黄抗体预防家蚕血液型脓病的探讨

给母鸡注射纯化的家蚕NPV抗原，获得免疫卵黄抗体，测定效价为1：160。用免疫卵黄抗体进行添食试验，结果表明其对家蚕血液型脓病有一定的预防效果，并且对养蚕生产安全无毒。     

Research Progress of Effect of Oxidative Stress on Broiler and its Mitigation Technology

Oxidative stress is ubiquitous in livestock and poultry production.When the body is in the situation of harmful stimulation in vitro or in vivo,the oxidation system and antioxidant system are in a state of imbalance,leading to metabolic disorders,which depresses the growth and development of animals,decreases disease resistance and quality of livestock products seriously,and has a negative impact on the production and health of livestock and poultry.So it is important to find an effective measure to alleviate the health of livestock and poultry.Lipoic acid,tea polyphenol,VE and other antioxidants play significant roles in reducing oxidative stress.In this paper,the effects of oxidative stress on broiler and mitigation technology research were outlined.