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61.
猪附红细胞体病的诊断和防治 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近年我县发生了一种类似猪瘟症状的疾病 ,表现为高热、嗜睡、全身发红等 ,导致猪群 (特别是仔猪 )大批死亡。经采用注射青霉素、链霉素、磺胺类药、退烧解毒药等治疗 ,效果不理想。特别是在使用磺胺类药物后 ,会加重病情。该病在我县呈蔓延趋势 ,给广大养殖户造成了很大的经济损失。后与省畜牧研究所联合研究 ,根据临床症状、病理剖检、实验室检查等 ,确诊为猪附红细胞体病。经对症下药 ,很快控制了该病的流行和蔓延 ,确保养殖业的健康稳定发展。1流行病学特点本病一年四季均可发生 ,但以夏秋多发。蚊等吸血节肢昆虫可传播该病 ,各种年龄、… 相似文献
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‘罗田甜柿’胚乳培养获得十二倍体再生植株 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
取‘罗田甜柿’自然授粉后约70 d 的胚乳, 采用不同细胞分裂素和生长素组合进行离体培养。结果表明: 以1/ 2MS (1/ 2N ) + ZT (玉米素) 1.1 mg/ L + 2,4-D 1.0 mg/ L + CH (水解酪蛋白) 1000mg/ L 诱导产生的愈伤组织易获得再生植株; 形态学和细胞学检测确认再生植株中存在2n=12x=180 的个体。该十二倍体植株对中国原产甜柿的遗传改良可能具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
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66.
Norman Owen-Smith 《Landscape Ecology》2004,19(7):761-771
Large mammalian herbivores are notorious for their propensity towards population irruptions and crashes, yet many herbivore populations remain relatively stable. I explore how resource heterogeneity within landscapes dampens population instability, using a metaphysiological modelling approach considering patch state distributions. Resource heterogeneity is functionally stabilizing through spreading consumption away from preferred resources before these become critically depleted. Lower-quality resources act as a buffer against starvation during critical periods of the seasonal cycle. Enriching resource quality is destabilizing, even if patch diversity is maintained, because food quantity then becomes the limitation. The potential consequences of landscape fragmentation are explored using the Serengeti ecosystem, characterised by broadscale resource gradients, as a hypothetical example. Further insights provided by the model are illustrated with specific examples concerning the effects of patch scales and waterpoint distribution. A metaphysiological modelling approach enables the basic consequences of landscape heterogeneity to be distinguished from further effects that may arise from specific patch scales and configurations, without the distracting detail of spatially explicit models. 相似文献
67.
Judith Hübschen Lilo Kling Ulrike Ipach Volker Zinkernagel Nathalie Bosselut Daniel Esmenjaud Derek J.F. Brown Roy Neilson 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(8):779-788
Xiphinema diversicaudatum and X. index are vector nematode species of economic importance in viticulture regions as they can transmit Arabis Mosaic, Grapevine Fanleaf and Strawberry Latent Ringspot viruses to grapevine. Wang et al. (2003) designed species-specific diagnostic primers from ribosomal genes for both these vector species as well as a vector and a non-vector species X. italiae and X. vuittenezi, respectively. Our study aimed to confirm the specificity and determine the sensitivity and reliability of the primers for the two vector species, X. diversicaudatumand X. indexwhen challenged with closely related longidorid species and general nematode communities typical of vineyard soil. With one exception, no PCR product was observed when the primers were tested against six Longidorus, one Paralongidorus and one Xiphinema non-target species. Occasionally (three out of eight replicate PCR reactions) a weak PCR product was noted when primers for X. index were tested with L. elongatus. Furthermore, when challenged with a range of non-target nematode species comprising the nematode community typical of viticulture soil, no PCR product was amplified. An experimental dilution series of extracted DNA rigorously demonstrated that DNA from an equivalent single specimen of the target virus-vector species, X. diversicaudatum and/or X. index, could be detected amongst 1000 equivalent non-targetX. vuittenezi. Also, extracted DNA from an equivalent single target specimen was detected when added to DNA extracted from the overall soil nematode community. The primers were assessed further by using serial mixtures of actual nematodes rather than extracted DNA to simulate field soil. Using this method, a single target nematode could be detected amongst 200 non-target specimens. Given their specificity, sensitivity and reliability, it appears that these diagnostic primers will be of great benefit to phytosanitary/quarantine services related to the viticulture industry. 相似文献
68.
秦巴山区养羊户适度经营规模的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对秦巴山区陕西省西乡县15个典型陕南白山羊养殖专业户的资金投入、羊群结构、草地资源、经济效益等情况的调查,分析了养羊户的资源利用和生产经营状况,确定了与山羊生产密切相关的12个变量,即种公羊数、基础母羊数、后备母羊数、育肥羊数、羊舍面积、草地补种及施肥费用、医杂费、氨化或青贮饲料量、补饲精料量、工作日、投资额,并确定了各变量的参数值,以利润最大为目标函数,然后运用线性规划模型,计算出不同投资、不同人力及草地资源等条件下的适度经营规模。结果表明,养羊户的投资额是决定适度规模的主要因素。根据投资和羊群基础母羊数量设计的三种典型经营条件下,基础母羊全部留种的经营方式可获最大投资收益率(140.1%);基础母羊数量达到20只以上,自繁种公羊的经营方式的最大投资收益率为74.0%;资金有限,人工授精配种的经营方式的投资收益率最低,为73.1%。 相似文献
69.
维生素E对绵羊鲜精及冻精精液品质的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
日粮中添加维生素E可以提高绵羊鲜精的活率 ,对照组和试验组的活率分别为 0 72± 0 0 7和 0 78± 0 0 6(P <0 0 5 ) ,显著改善鲜精精液品质。采用两步稀释法在绵羊冷冻精液稀释液中添加维生素E ,可以极显著降低冷冻对精子顶体的冷刺激损害程度 ,试验组的活率 ( 0 43 5± 0 0 2 0 )极显著高于对照组 ( 0 3 65± 0 0 2 6) (P <0 0 1) ,精子顶体的总异常率试验组 ( 3 3 72 % )极显著低于对照组 ( 4 4 3 5 % ) (P <0 0 1) ,其中试验组顶体膨胀率和脱落率与对照组分别为 1 2 8%±0 5 8%、2 3 0 8%± 1 45 %与 2 68%± 0 5 9%、2 8 96%± 3 14 %。冷冻精液品质显著改善。 相似文献
70.
Abbas Safari Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh Abdol Ahad Shadparvar Rostam Abdollahi Arpanahi 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):707-714
The aim of current study was to review breeding progress and update information on genetic strategies in Iranian buffaloes. Iranian buffalo is one of the vital domestic animals throughout north, north-west, south and south-west of Iran with measurable characteristics both in milk and meat production. The species plays an important role in rural economy of the country due to its unique characteristics such as resistance to diseases and parasites, having long productive lifespan and showing higher capability of consuming low-quality forage. In Iran, total production of milk and meat devoted to buffaloes are 293,000 and 24,700 tons, respectively. Selection activities and milk yield recording are carrying out by the central government through the Animal Breeding Centre of Iran. The main breeding activities of Iranian buffaloes included the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic trends for performance traits using different models and methods, estimation of economic values and selection criteria and analysis of population structure. Incorporating different aspects of dairy buffalo management together with improved housing, nutrition, breeding and milking, is known to produce significant improvements in buffalo production. Therefore, identifying genetic potential of Iranian buffaloes, selection of superior breeds, improving nutritional management and reproduction and developing the education and increasing the skills of practical breeders can be useful in order to enhance the performance and profitability of Iranian buffaloes. 相似文献