猪部分免疫性状与生产性状间的相关关系研究

对通城、瑞典长白（下称长白）、英国大白（下称大白）纯种以及长大通和大长通三元杂种猪的161头个体的部分免疫性状与其生产性状（生长、胴体、肉质性状）进行相关分析,结果如下：（1）免疫性状与生长性状间的相关：迟发性超敏反应（DTH）、红细胞数（RBC）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、血清总蛋白（TP）与日增重呈弱负相关,r值在-0．17～-0．35之间（P〈0．05）;DTH、IgG、TP与达上市体重日龄呈弱正相关,r值在0．20～0．25之间（P〈0．05）。（2）部分免疫性状与胴体性状间的相关：DTH分别与胴体长、胴体斜长、胴体净重、腿臀比率和腿臀肉骨率呈弱负相关,r值在-0．18～-0．25之间（P＜0．05）;与板油率和内脂率呈弱正相关,r值分别为0．21（P〈0．01）,0．22（P＜0．01）。RBC、TP与胴体长、肋骨数、眼肌面积、胴体净重、屠宰率、腿臀比率、腿臀肉骨率间呈弱负相关,r值在-0．16～-0．36之间（P＜0．05）;与三点背膘厚均值、6～7肋间背膘厚、10肋背膘厚、板油率、内脂率性状间呈弱正相关,r值在0．18～0．35之间（P＜0．05）。TP与胴体斜长和屠宰率呈弱负相关,r值分别为-0．29（P〈0．01）、-0．24（P＜0．01）。IgG与屠宰率和胴体净重呈弱负相关,r=-0．17（P〈0．05）。（3）部分免疫性状与肉质性状间的相关：DTH、TP与滴水损失呈弱负相关,r分别为-0．26（P〈0．01）和-0．19（P＜0．05）。RBC与系水力呈弱正相关,r=0．34（P〈0．01）,TP与大理石评分呈弱正相关,r=0．20（P〈0．05）。相关分析结果表明：部分免疫性状与生长、胴体性状间呈不利相关,与肉质性状间呈有利相关。     

Effects of differently processed diets on growth,immunity and water quality of the sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867)

The type of formulated diet used in aquaculture systems affects the feed efficiency and water quality. In this study, the water quality, growth performance and immunity of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867), fed diets produced using four different processing methods (extruded pellet diet, cold‐bonded pellet diet, flake diet and mash diet) were quantified for 60 days to identify the optimal feed type for culturing of this species. Sea cucumbers grew faster, the feed conversion ratio was much lower, and immunity indicators were higher when fed the extruded pellet diet compared to the other diets. Sea cucumbers fed the extruded pellet diet had the highest specific growth rate (0.96), whereas A. japonicus fed the cold‐bonded pellet diet had the lowest specific growth rate (0.51). The lysozyme activity of sea cucumbers fed the extruded pellet diet was higher (57.52) than that of A. japonicus fed the cold‐bonded pellet diet (39.22), flake diet (37.32) and mash diet (32.68). When animals were fed the mash diet, the ammonia–nitrogen, nitrite–nitrogen and phosphate productions were higher than in animals fed the other diets. These results indicate that the extruded pellet diet is the optimum feed type for use in the culture of A. japonicus.     

野生动物胃肠道微生态多样性研究进展

动物胃肠道中的微生物菌群是一个独特、多变的生态系统,也是在已发现的生态系统中细胞密度最高的系统之一。该系统中聚积着大量的微生物,同时细菌与宿主细胞之间紧密地接触在一起,二者相互作用构成一个统一有机整体。     

增施磷钾对马铃薯提质增产的效果

在马铃薯生长发育过程矿质元素通过参与促进同化物的合成、转运和分配,对马铃薯生长发育及产量形成有重要作用[1].同薯8号每生产Ⅰ t鲜薯吸收N、P、K分别为4.38 kg、0.79 kg、6.55 kg,其中以钾吸收量最大[2].丽水市是浙江省马铃薯主产区之一,马铃薯栽培有良好的基础.但在当地农业生产中由于偏施氮肥,磷、钾肥施用量少,至使土壤中氮、磷、钾比例失调,制约了马铃薯生产.本试验通过对马铃薯高产施肥措施的研究,为马铃薯栽培合理施肥提供依据.     

白腐菌降解玉米秸秆条件的优化试验

针对白腐菌对木质素的独特降解能力和玉米秸秆在制取燃料乙醇方面的应用,对白腐菌降解玉米秸秆的降解条件进行优化,通过正交实验得出较好的发酵培养基的组成:玉米秸秆为5g,酒石酸铵为1 g/L,pH值为4.5,微量元素的体积为15mL, VB1的质量为100ug, 吐温80的质量浓度为0.01%,最佳诱导剂是二甲苯胺,表面活性剂是吐温80,最佳通气状况是用4层纱布封口.     

导叶相位角度对管道输油泵水力性能的影响

为提高管道输油泵水力性能,以某型号大型管道输油泵为研究对象,针对导叶相位角度对其水力性能的影响进行研究.采用Pro/E与Gambit软件对该输油泵全流道内流场进行三维造型与网格划分.应用计算流体动力学软件CFX对输油泵在6个导叶相位(0°,6°,12°,18°,24°和30°)及5个流量工况(0.8Q_d,0.9Q_d,1.0Q_d,1.1Q_d和1.2Q_d)下的内流场进行定常数值计算,得到了不同导叶相位下输油泵的性能曲线,对比分析了不同导叶相位下输油泵的内部流动情况.研究结果表明:不同相位时,在设计工况下扬程差别较大,扬程最大相差6%,大流量及小流量工况下扬程的差别较小;设计工况下效率差别较小,大流量及小流量工况下效率的差别增大,效率最大相差2%;导叶叶片背面出口处的低速区是影响输油泵水力性能的重要因素,不同导叶相位下,蜗壳隔舌处的流场不同,进而影响输油泵的水力性能;受导叶流道出口低速区的影响,导叶相位为6°,12°及18°时,蜗壳扩散段流态较差,导致输油泵效率偏低,且蜗壳出口速度分布非常不均,不利于输油泵高效平稳地运行.     

韭菜农药残留现状及防控技术

韭菜生产中往往大量使用化学农药,造成韭菜农药残留超标,食用韭菜中毒事件频频发生。本文分析了现阶段韭菜中农药残留的现状,介绍了农药残留的防控技术,为更加合理科学地使用农药提供相应对策。     

Soybean plant height QTL mapping and meta‐analysis for mining candidate genes

Plant height is closely related to seed yield of soybean. The goal of this study was to identify important loci affecting soybean plant height using meta‐analysis based on a reference physical map. Plant height related to QTLs was mapped across eight years with a RIL population by WinQTLCart v2.5. 182 QTLs related to plant height of soybean from database and our research were collected, and each QTL was projected onto the soybean physical map by software BioMercator v2.1. The confidence interval of meta‐QTL ranged from 0.09 to 5.07 Mb, and the mean phenotypic variance ranged from 4.9% to 73.0%. Furthermore, 4,259 candidate genes were located in these consensus QTLs, and 40 of them were involved in the plant growth and stem elongation and annotated as plant hormone signal transduction (pathway ID ko04075) in KEGG pathway. These results would lay a foundation for fine mapping of QTLs/genes related to plant height and marker‐assisted selection for breeding in soybean.     

微波加热技术对茶叶品质的影响

微波加热技术对茶叶品质的影响试验表明：微波加热技术用于茶叶加工中的杀青和干燥作业,与传统加热方法比,可提高茶叶加工质量,改善茶叶品质,并使叶绿素、维生素C等有益物质少受损失。     

不同氨基酸组合对真鲷(Chrysophrys major)诱食效果的研究

试验以真鲷为试验对象,采用迷宫法,以丙氨酸、甘氨酸、精氨酸和组氨酸作为诱食剂原料,经不同组合后测定其对真鲷的诱食效果。结果显示,甘氨酸+组氨酸的诱食效果最好,其各种组合的诱食效果依次为甘氨酸+组氨酸>甘氨酸+丙氨酸>甘氨酸>组氨酸>丙氨酸>丙氨酸+精氨酸>丙氨酸+甘氨酸+组氨酸>精氨酸+组氨酸>甘氨酸+精氨酸>甘氨酸+丙氨酸+精氨酸>丙氨酸+组氨酸>精氨酸>丙氨酸+精氨酸+组氨酸>甘氨酸+丙氨酸+精氨酸+组氨酸。