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991.
992.
Relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination and water use efficiency under regulated deficit irrigation of pear-jujube tree 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ningbo Cui Taisheng Du Shaozhong Kang Fusheng Li Xiaotao Hu Mixia Wang Zhijun Li 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(11):1615-1622
To investigate the relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) of different organs and water use efficiency (WUE) under different water deficit levels, severe, moderate and low water deficit levels were treated at bud burst to leafing, flowering to fruit set, fruit growth and fruit maturation stages of field grown pear-jujube tree, and leaf stable carbon isotope discrimination (ΔL) at different growth stages and fruit stable carbon isotope discrimination (ΔF) at fruit maturation stage were measured. The results indicated that water deficit had significant effect on ΔL at different growth stages and ΔF at fruit maturation stage. As compared with full irrigation, the average ΔL at different growth stages and ΔF at fruit maturation stage were decreased by 1.23% and 2.67% for different water deficit levels, respectively. ΔL and ΔF among different water deficit treatments had significant difference at the same growth stage (P < 0.05). Under different water deficit conditions, significant relationships between the ΔL and WUEi (photosynthesis rate/transpiration rate, Pn/Tr), WUEn (photosynthesis rate/stomatal conductance of CO2, Pn/gs), WUEy (yield/crop water consumption, Y/ETc) and yield, or between the ΔF and WUEy and yield were found, respectively. There were significantly negative correlations of ΔL with WUEi, WUEn, WUEy and yield (P < 0.01) at the fruit maturation stage, or ΔL with WUEi and WUEn (P < 0.01) over whole growth stage, respectively. ΔF was negatively correlated with WUEy, WUEn and yield (P < 0.05), but positively correlated with ETc (P < 0.01) over the whole growth stage. Thus ΔL or ΔF can compare WUEn and WUEy, so the stable carbon isotope discrimination method can be applied to evaluate the water use efficiency of pear-jujube tree under the regulated deficit irrigation. 相似文献
993.
Grapevines are extensively grown in the semiarid and arid regions, but little information is available on the variability of energy partitioning and resistance parameters for the vineyard. To address this question, an eddy covariance system was applied to measure energy balance over a vineyard in northwest China during 2005-2006. Result indicated that 2-year average Bowen ratio (β) of vineyard was 1.0, canopy resistance (rc) 289.3 s m−1, aerodynamic resistance (ra) 9.7 s m−1 and climatological resistance (ri) 117 s m−1. This implied that the annual energy was split almost equally between sensible heat and latent heat. Compared to the corresponding values in other ecosystems reported by Wilson et al. [Wilson, K.B., Baldocchi, D.D., Aubinet, M., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Dolman, H., Falge, E., Field, C., Goldstein, A., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Halldor, T., Hollinger, D., Katul, G., Law, B.E., Lindroth, A., Meyers, T., Moncrieff, J., Monson, R., Oechel, W., Tenhunen, J., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., Wofsy, S., 2002. Energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat flux during the warm season at FLUXNET sites. Water Resource Research 38, 1294-1305.], the vineyard had a higher β, rc and ri than deciduous forests, corn and soybean, and grassland. Such difference was mainly attributed to (1) serious water stress in 2005, which resulted in a greater rc up to 364.4 s m−1; (2) sparse canopy with row spacing of 2.9 m and plant spacing of 1.8 m; (3) warm-dry climate and high attitude (1581 m) along with higher ri and lower psychrometer (54 Pa K−1) in the arid region of northwest China. These characters of vineyard revealed varying process of energy partitioning and surface resistance, and provided a scientific basis in understanding and modeling water and energy balance for the vineyard in the semiarid and arid regions. 相似文献
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997.
基于改进Hough变换的农田作物行快速检测算法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
选取苗期农田作为研究对象,采集了包含行栽作物和土壤背景的农田图像,针对现有作物行定位方法易受外界干扰和处理速度较慢的不足,提出将投影法和直接Hough变换法相结合检测作物行的算法.采用2G-R-B 法和OTSU法将图像二值化,通过快速中值滤波算法去除噪声,再利用垂直直方图投影将图像进行水平条划分获取作物垄平均定位点,最后通过Hough变换检测垄定位点,得到作物行中心线.试验结果表明:基于垂直直方图投影的Hough变换检测作物行中心线的算法在保证高定位精度的同时,算法处理速度比直接Hough变换检测法提高了3倍,得到的定位基准线能代表作物行走向. 相似文献
998.
滑阀节流槽阀口的流量控制特性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出以节流槽内节流面的串并联效应确定二节矩形节流槽阀口面积的原则,推导出阀口面积的计算公式并编制了阀口面积的计算程序;在此基础上对二节矩形节流槽的流量特性进行了试验,试验表明二节矩形节流槽阀口的流量系数是单节矩形槽阀口流量系数的组合,流量系数在阀口开度较小或接近全开时流量系数快速增大,在阀口开度中间区段流量系数较小,在二节节流槽的交界处流量系数增大,流出节流槽方向的流量系数比流入方向约大0.1;提出了反映节流槽阀口流量控制特性的参数阀口流量面积Aq,阀口流量面积为阀口面积和流量系数的耦合函数,与阀口面积及流量系数传统概念相比,阀口流量面积更加合理地表征了阀口几何面积和阀口形状对流量的控制作用. 相似文献
999.
1000.
草方格铺设机器人多体动力学仿真与试 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用Pro/E和ADAMS软件相结合的方法,建立了草方格铺设机器人动力学模型,同时探讨了二者联合建模仿真的一般步骤.模型添加必要的边界条件后,对纵向压轮和横向插刀正常动作时的草方格铺设机器人振动状态进行了仿真.通过仿真,得到了牵引车、纵向铺设机构、横向铺设机构、纵向压轮和横向插刀质心的位移、速度以及加速度曲线.分析了这些曲线出现波动的原因,为进一步的优化提供了数据.通过试验,得到实际状态下的试验曲线,并与仿真曲线进行对照,证实了草方格铺设机器人仿真模型和仿真结果的合理性和可靠性. 相似文献