添加剂对白三叶青贮的影响

为探讨不同添加剂对白三叶（Trifolium repens）青贮的影响,以营养生长期白三叶为原料,分别设计对照、添加甲酸（6 mL/kg）、蔗糖（2%）处理,袋装密封青贮360 d后取样分析。结果表明,添加甲酸或蔗糖都能显著改善白三叶青贮饲料的发酵品质,极显著降低青贮饲料的pH值、乙酸和氨态氮含量（P<0.01）,极显著增加乳酸含量（P<0.01）。添加甲酸或蔗糖显著提高白三叶青贮饲料的干物质保存率（P<0.05）,显著提高ADF含量（P<0.05）。青贮之后,硝酸盐含量下降。     

吡啶羧酸铬对肉鸭后期作用效果初探

选用21日龄樱桃谷鸭36只,采用有重复对照试验,比较饲粮中添加0．2×10－6吡啶羧酸铬对肉鸭生产性能、屠体品质和血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,吡啶羧酸铬对增重、饲料转化率无显著影响,对屠宰率、胸肌率和皮脂率亦无显著影响;但使心重、血清总甘油三酯显著降低,血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著增加。     

神犬护主擒犯立奇功

安娜是一个单身的年轻女子,独自居住在美国拉斯维加斯的一栋房子里,和她日夜相伴的是一头心爱的杜伯文犬。     

天然气抗氧化刘的研究概况

按照美国食品药物管理局(FDA)定义,所谓抗氧化剂是指作为延滞因氧化所引起的劣变、酸败或变色的物质[1].     

Effect of different hand-milking techniques on milk production and teat treatment in Zebu dairy cattle

The aim of the study was to test three different hand-milking techniques (“pull down”, “thumb in”, and “full hand grip”) and their effects on milk production and teat treatment. This is important since milk production in many tropical areas still rely on hand-milking. The study was carried out at a peri-urban farm in the Bobo-Dioulasso area in Burkina Faso. Twelve indigenous Zebu cows in early lactation were used in the study. The sequences of the treatments (hand-milking techniques) and the milkers were balanced for carry-over effects between successive periods and days, respectively. The sequences were constructed by using special Latin squares. Yield and composition of saleable milk was not affected by milking technique but there were differences between the milkers in milk yield. There was also a significant interaction for saleable milk yield between milker and milking technique. Hemoglobin in milk was measured as an indicator of teat damage. The hemoglobin content was numerically higher in post-milking strip milk samples than in saleable milk. It was concluded that the amount of milk removed depends mainly on the milker and how well the milking technique works for the individual milker. No effect of milking technique was observed on teat treatment.     

A novel dendrimeric peptide induces high level neutralizing antibodies against classical swine fever virus in rabbits

The amino acid sequence (TAVSPTTLR, 829-837aa) on the glycoprotein E2 of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a conserved and linear neutralizing epitope. In the present study, two peptides were constructed based the core sequence of this neutralizing epitope, the dendrimeric peptide (Th-B(4)) containing four copies of B cell epitope fused to one copy of promiscuous T helper (Th) cell epitope and the peptide Th-B containing a single copy of B cell epitope fused to one copy of Th cell epitope. The dendrimeric peptide Th-B(4) elicited high titers of neutralizing antibodies as detected in an indirect ELISA, blocking ELISA and neutralization test and induced a complete protection against CSFV C strain in rabbits. The Th-B elicited low titers of neutralizing antibodies and did not induce a protection in rabbits. These results suggest that the dendrimeric peptide Th-B(4) may be a promising marker vaccine candidate against CSFV and the multimerization is a requirement for development of a peptide vaccine.     

2013—2014年全球猪流行性腹泻重大疫情分析

2013年以来,猪流行性腹泻（Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea,PED）疫情在美洲和亚洲的部分国家和地区暴发流行,对疫情发生国家或地区的生猪生产和猪肉市场供给造成极大影响。对全球PED疫情进行时间序列分析,发现PED流行范围逐步扩大,毒力不断增强,全球病毒基因序列相似,饲料特别是猪血液制品贸易可能是该病跨国界传播的潜在途径。     

Disease incidence in ranch and pastoral livestock herds around Lake Mburo National Park,in South Western Uganda

A longitudinal study was done to monitor incidence of livestock diseases in ranch and pastoral herds around Lake Mburo National Park, in South-western Uganda with a high level of wildlife (impala and zebra) and livestock (cattle and goats) interactions. East Coast Fever (ECF), abortions, helminthosis and starvation due to drought were major livestock disease problems encountered. ECF was a major disease affecting mainly calves, causing mortality both in ranch (8.5%) and pastoral (8.2%) herds. Meanwhile, drought was a more serious in pastoral than ranch herds (p < 0.05), killing 28.5 % and 5.8% of adult female cattle in respective production systems. Other endemic diseases found and controlled by vaccination were FMD, CBPP and blackquarter. In both cattle and goats helminthosis was causing mortalities, 3.3% and 0.8% among calves in pastoral and ranches respectively; and 4.8% and 6.9% among kids and sub-adult goats respectively. Many cases of abortions occurred among pastoral herds. In conclusion, the disease incidence among livestock was the same or relatively low as compared to other areas without wildlife.     

Environmentally sustainable production of food,feed and fuel from natural resources in the tropics

Responding to the challenges posed by global warming, peak oil and biofuels will require a paradigm shift in the practice of agriculture and in the role of live stock within the farming system. Farming systems should aim at maximizing plant biomass production from locally available diversified resources, processing of the biomass on farm to provide food, feed and energy and recycling of all waste materials. The approach that is the subject of this paper is that the generation of electricity can be a by-product of food/feed production. The concept is the fractionation of biomass into inedible cell wall material that can be converted to an inflammable gas by gasification, the gas in turn being the source of fuel for internal combustion engines driving electrical generators. The cell contents and related structures such as tree leaves are used as human food or animal feed. As well as providing food and feed the model is highly appropriate for decentralized small scale production of electricity in rural areas. It also offers opportunities for sequestration of carbon in the form of biochar the solid residue remaining after gasification of the biomass.