分子蒸馏技术富集猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸的研究

采用分子蒸馏技术对猕猴佻籽油中的α-亚麻酸进行了富集研究。通过正交试验对影响分子蒸馏的主要因素,即蒸馏压力、蒸馏温度、进料速度、刮膜转速进行了优化,得到刮膜式分子蒸馏装置富集猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸的最佳工艺参数为：蒸馏压力3．0Pa,蒸馏温度110℃,进料速度20滴／min,刮膜转速400r／min,在此条件下α-亚麻酸的质量分数提高到83．69％;4级分子蒸馏后猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸质量分数达到86.27％。     

常见的凸封闭节曲线非圆齿轮副设计

根据非圆齿轮的啮合原理,针对椭圆、偏心圆和巴斯噶蜗线等几种常见的凸封闭节曲线及其共轭的非圆齿轮,推导了节曲线的计算公式,并可利用计算机进行精确求解和某些特性参数的修正计算。对三类齿轮副的传动性能和设计制造方面的优缺点进行了对比分析,为其后续设计和制造提供依据。     

大型复杂机械节点导入建模及有限元分析

针对一般有限元软件在大型复杂机构建模和划分网格方面的局限性,提出了节点导入有限元建模法。采用三维建模软件建立节点布局图,并提取源坐标数据,结合有限元分析软件建立有限元模型,同时完成网格划分,并成功地将此建模方法应用于大型振动筛的建模与分析。结果表明,这种建模方法使计算和存储大为简便,可为设计人员提供设计参考。     

轴-轴承系统动力学摩擦学弹性力学耦合分析

采用动力学仿真软件ADAMS和有限元分析软件ANSYS,结合手工编程的方法,研究了变载荷作用下轴-轴承系统动力学、摩擦学、弹性力学(轴的刚度和强度)耦合分析问题,重点讨论正弦载荷作用下轴-轴承系统的共振响应和考虑动态油膜压力分布时的轴颈表面动应力计算。计算结果表明,动应力在轴颈表面沿轴向和周向的分布与油膜压力沿轴向和周向的分布密切相关;动应力随时间的变化与轴-轴承系统的动力学响应密切相关。     

Natural Marine Products: Anti-Colorectal Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo

Colorectal cancer, a malignant tumor with high mortality, has a poor prognosis due to drug resistance and toxicity in clinical surgery and chemotherapy. Thus, finding safer and more efficient drugs for clinical trials is vital and urgent. Natural marine compounds, with rich resources and original chemical structures, are applied widely in anticancer treatments. We provide a systematic overview of recently reported marine compounds such as alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, polysaccharides, and carotenoids from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. The in vitro studies summarized the marine origins and pharmacological mechanisms, including anti-proliferation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-migration, anti-invasion, the acceleration of cycle arrest, and the promotion of tumor apoptosis, of various compounds. The in vivo studies outlined the antitumor effects of marine compounds on colorectal cancer model mice and evaluated their efficacy in terms of tumor inhibition, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. The clinical studies summarized the major chemical classifications and targets of action of the clinical drugs that have entered clinical approval and completed approval for marine anticancer. In summary, we present the current situation regarding the application of natural anti-colorectal cancer marine compounds and prospects for their clinical application.     

Youssoufenes A2 and A3, Antibiotic Dimeric Cinnamoyl Lipids from the ΔdtlA Mutant of a Marine-Derived Streptomyces Strain

Two new dimeric cinnamoyl lipids (CL) featuring with an unusual dearomatic carbon-bridge, named youssoufenes A2 (1) and A3 (2), were isolated from the ΔdtlA mutant strain of marine-derived Streptomyces youssoufiensis OUC6819. Structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses, and their absolute configurations were determined by combination of the long-range NOE-based ¹H-¹H distance measurements and ECD calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate growth inhibition against multi-drug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis CCARM 5172 with an MIC value of 22.2 μM.     

临泽县政策性农业保险助力乡村振兴的实践与思考

临泽县把开展政策性农业保险作为推动乡村振兴的有力抓手,在发展壮大现代农业的同时,有效降低了自然灾害对农业生产带来的风险损失,切实构筑起了农业产业发展风险防波堤。但也面临着一些制约发展的因素。本文综述了临泽县开展政策性农业保险助力乡村振兴发展的情况和存在的问题,并针对性提出发展对策。     

武威某奶牛场犊牛及职工球虫病感染情况调查

为摸清该奶牛场的球虫感染情况,在甘肃省武威市某集约化牛场随机抽10头犊牛粪便及与犊牛直接接触的一线职工10人的粪便为样本,采用麦克马斯特计数方法,检测球虫病的感染情况。结果显示：该牛场球虫总感染率为80%,但OPG均小于5000,属于亚临床型球虫感染,该奶牛场职工没有球虫病感染情况。通过对球虫病感染的检查,诣在为该场犊牛球虫病的防控治疗提供依据。     

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Marine-Derived Alkaloids via Enzymatic Reactions

Alkaloids are a large and structurally diverse group of marine-derived natural products. Most marine-derived alkaloids are biologically active and show promising applications in modern (agro)chemical, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries. Different approaches have been established to access these marine-derived alkaloids. Among these employed methods, biotechnological approaches, namely, (chemo)enzymatic synthesis, have significant potential for playing a central role in alkaloid production on an industrial scale. In this review, we discuss research progress on marine-derived alkaloid synthesis via enzymatic reactions and note the advantages and disadvantages of their applications for industrial production, as well as green chemistry for marine natural product research.     

4个品种猕猴桃发酵酒品质评价

【目的】研究猕猴桃品种对猕猴桃果酒品质的影响,探索理化指标与感官评价的相关性,为通过原料筛选生产优质猕猴桃酒提供依据。【方法】以生理成熟期的金艳、翠香、翠玉和东红4个品种猕猴桃为原料,经过后熟软化、带皮破碎、添加果胶酶及ADT活性干酵母发酵等工序,酿制4个品种猕猴桃发酵酒,测定4种猕猴桃原料的理化指标（可溶性固形物（TSS）、总酸（TA）、固/酸比、pH值等）,分析4种发酵酒在理化参数（TSS、TA、酒精度、残糖、挥发酸、可溶性蛋白）、抗氧化物质（总酚、维生素C、黄酮）、香气物质（酯类、醇类、萜烯类等）和感官品质（外观、香气、口感、风格）等方面的差异,研究不同品种猕猴桃果酒间感官指标与理化指标的关系。【结果】4个品种猕猴桃酿酒原料的TSS、TA和pH,以及4种果酒的TSS、TA、酒精度、可溶性蛋白及总酚、Vc、黄酮等均表现出不同程度的差异,发酵酒的酒精度与后熟果实原料的pH值之间存在极显著负相关。在4种猕猴桃果酒中,共检测出7类83种挥发性化合物,其中共有类型6类,共有物质24种,以酯类化合物的种类最多、相对含量最大。4种猕猴桃酒香气成分总质量浓度由大到小分别为金艳（3 907.28 μg/L）＞东红（3 493.22 μg/L）＞翠玉（3 176.01 μg/L）＞翠香（2 768.17 μg/L）。4种猕猴桃酒的感官评分中,外观和总分存在一定差异,总分由高到低依次为东红＞金艳＞翠香＞翠玉。感官指标与理化指标的相关性分析表明,不同品种猕猴桃果酒的外观与其可溶性蛋白质量浓度呈显著负相关,香气与芳樟醇和萜烯类物质质量浓度呈显著正相关,口感与原料果实的固/酸比呈显著正相关,而与黄酮质量浓度呈显著负相关。【结论】4个猕猴桃品种中,东红猕猴桃果酒的外观、香气、口感及与感官测试相关的理化指标表现最优,最适于酿制猕猴桃酒。