华南地区高温季节入库散存粮控温保质试验

围包散存小麦和玉米因在高温季节入库,整体粮温偏高,来粮害虫较多并引起局部粮食发热。对试验仓粮食先采用短期熏蒸杀虫处理,然后采用全仓通风与局部"点穴"通风(或二台局部处理机并联使用)相结合的措施分段降温,通风后局部最高粮温和全仓平均粮温均大幅下降,取得了较好的通风降温效果,储粮安全过冬后,来年再择机密闭熏蒸,做好隔热控温措施,粮食水分减量较小,品质保持良好。     

茶刺蛾核型多角体病毒的毒性测定与田间应用

茶刺蛾Iragoides fasciata Moore是我国茶树主要害虫.茶刺蛾核型多角体病毒(Iragoides fasciata nucleopolyhedrovirus,简称IrfaNPV)是抑制茶刺蛾种群的重要因子~([1]).彭银辉等~([2])1982年发现该病毒,对其形态作了初步观察.叶恭银等~([3])报道了该病毒的形态和毒力.     

近红外光谱技术及其在农作物中的应用

叙述了近红外光谱技术的原理与方法,并对近红外光谱技术在农作物领域的应用研究进行了介绍,指出近红外光谱技术作为一种非破坏性的检测技术将在农作物中有广阔的应用前景.     

Quantitative trait loci mapping of forage stover quality traits in six mapping populations derived from European elite maize germplasm

Four forage maize stover quality traits were analysed including in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and digestibility of NDF (DNDF). We mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) in three DH (doubled haploid) populations (totally 250–720 DH lines): one RIL population (358 lines) and two testcross (TC) populations, based on field phenotyping at multiple locations and years for each. High phenotypic and genotypic correlations were found for all traits and significant (p < .01) at two locations, and NDF was negatively correlated with the other traits. QTL analyses were conducted by composite interval mapping. A total of 33, 23, 32 and 25 QTL were identified for IVDOM, NDF, WSC and DNDF, respectively, with three, four, five and two major QTL for each. Few consistent QTL for IVDOM, WSC and DNDF were detected in more than two populations. This study contributed to the identification of key QTL associated with forage maize digestibility traits and is beneficial for marker‐assisted breeding and fine mapping of candidate genes associated with forage maize quality.     

安徽省大豆疫霉根腐病菌的鉴定及rDNA-ITS序列分析

为明确安徽省夏大豆疫霉根腐病的病原菌种类,对采集自涡阳、怀远、固镇3个县的夏大豆病株及土样分离纯化后获得28株菌株,选取6株代表性菌株,通过形态学观察及核糖体DNA-ITS序列分析对其进行鉴定,并测定了其致病型。结果表明,6株菌株在利马豆培养基上菌落白色,质地均匀;菌丝无隔,致密,具近直角分枝;在10%V8C培养液中,游动孢子囊顶生,不脱落,卵形至椭圆形,无明显乳突,有内层出现象,长宽比大于1.6∶1;同宗配合,在利马豆培养基上单株培养产生大量卵孢子,藏卵器球形,雄器大多侧生;接种合丰35大豆品种后出现典型的大豆疫霉根腐病症状。r DNA-ITS序列分析表明,6株菌株与Gen Bank中大豆疫霉Phytophthora sojae的ITS序列同源性高达100%;菌株GY4、GY8、HY11、HY16、GZ10、GZ21的毒力公式分别为1b,2,3a,3b,4,5,6,7;1b,1d,3a,3b;1d,3a,3b,3c,4,5,6,7;2,3c,4,5,6,7;1b,3a,3c,5,8;3a,3b,5,6,7,8;属于6个不同的致病型。研究表明,这6株菌株均为大豆疫霉。     

不同补饲水平对努比亚母羊体况及繁殖性能的影响

选择12月龄努比亚羊75只集中配种,配种后将母羊分随机分为3组,分别补饲复合预混料+尿素、浓缩料和精料补充料,在配种时、妊娠100d、妊娠150d进行体重、体况、体尺测量,同时记录母羊产羔数。结果表明：补饲精料补充料的母羊体重、增重和胸围均大于补饲浓缩料组和补饲尿素组,三组之间存在明显差异（P<0.05或P<0.01）。产羔数与母羊体况BCS和体况指数BCI密切相关,产0只羔羊母羊BCS和BCI在整个试验期间几乎没有变化,产1～3只羔的母羊BCS和BCI整个妊娠期都处于上升趋势。三组母羊产羔数分别为1.00±0.76、1.44±0.51、1.83±0.49只,羔羊出生重分别为2.25±0.18、2.51±0.37、2.64±0.40kg,组间差异显著（P<0.05或P<0.01）。母羊妊娠期体BCS和BCI变化情况一致,三组间存在显著差异（P<0.05或P<0.01）。妊娠150d母羊的体况BCS和体况指数BCI与产羔数显著相关,产羔数 =-0.4177BCS2+3.727BCS–4.9185（R2=0.9984）,产羔数=-0.0018BCI2+0.2795BCI-7.2278（R2=0.9985）。     

影响纳版河流域自然保护区牲畜多样性因素分析

牲畜多样性是畜牧业发展的物质基础,对于牲畜多样性的品种遗传资源已经有所研究,但对于影响牲畜多样性的因素却研究极少,因此,针对影响纳版河流域自然保护区牲畜多样性的因素进行调查研究。研究结果表明,影响牲畜多样性的包括：自然环境（海拔）、土地利用类型、社会环境、人文教育和疾病预防与控制及科学饲养技术5个方面。     

柿果类胡萝卜素化学成份及其含量研究

对柿果中类胡萝卜素化学成份及其含量的季节性变化以及栽培条件的影响等进行了调查,旨在为柿色素代谢及其功能性成分合成与调控等的深入研究奠定基础。结果如下：柿果实中的色素成份为玉米黄质、β-隐黄质、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和番茄红素;果皮中的类胡萝卜素总含量约是果肉中的6-11倍;按类胡萝卜素组成成分的含量由高至低,果皮依次为玉米黄质、β-隐黄质、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和番茄红素;而果肉依次为β-隐黄质、玉米黄质和β-胡萝卜素。结果表明,柿果肉主要色素成份为功能性β-隐黄质。温室栽培磨盘柿果中功能性成分β-隐黄质含量是露地的3倍。供试7品种间色素成分与含量有很大区别。     

The urinary excretion of selenium in sheep treated with a vasopressin analogue

The renal excretion of selenium was investigated in ewes with an excretion of hypotonic urine (control group) and in ewes with a formation of highly concentrated urine. Chronic stimulation of the urinary concentrating activity of sheep kidneys was induced by a long-term treatment with 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP), a synthetic analogue of vasopressin with prolonged effects. Young animals with 22 to 25 kg b.w. were fed a normal protein diet providing a daily intake of 129.25 g of crude protein, 12.03 MJ of digestible energy and 0.18 mg of selenium for 3 weeks. The vasopressin treated sheep (n = 11) were given subcutaneous injections of 12.5 micrograms of dDAVP in glycerol twice daily for one week before the clearance measurement of renal functions. The control group (n = 11) was treated with glycerol only. The administration of dDAVP resulted in a highly significant decrease of the urinary flow rate (from 3.19 +/- 0.50 in control group to 0.33 +/- 0.03 mL.min-1 in dDAVP animals, P < 0.001) without changes in the glomerular filtration rate (80.18 +/- 6.36 in controls vs. 77.86 +/- 6.26 mL.min-1, NS). No effects on plasma selenium level were observed (0.17 +/- 0.03 in controls vs. 0.20 +/- 0.03 mumol.L-1, NS) but the amounts of selenium excreted were found to be highly significantly reduced (from 0.29 +/- 0.05 in controls to 0.03 +/- 0.01 nmol.min-1, P < 0.001) in dDAVP treated sheep. Despite a large reduction in urinary flow rate, the selenium concentration in urine was actually the same in both groups (0.09 +/- 0.01 mumol.L-1) resulting in a sharp fall in the renal clearance of selenium (2.20 +/- 0.54 in controls vs. 0.18 +/- 0.03 mL.min-1, P < 0.01) due to dDAVP. This seems to be a consequence of the large increase in the selenium solvent drag induced by a vasopressin treatment. The results presented suggest that vasopressin may contribute to maintenance of the selenium balance in sheep via its effects on renal function.     

The effect of water depletion on renal excretion of urea and electrolytes in sheep

Experiments were conducted with the sheep of Merino breed given water only at a rate corresponding to 0.5% of their live weight for three days. The animals were given feed ad libitum and during the control measurements water was also available to them ad lib. The fourth day the sheep were given no water and no feed and their renal functions were measured by the standard clearance technique. In the water-depleted sheep the diuresis was naturally reduced and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was also observed to have decreased from 77.6 +/- 5.3 to 62.2 +/- 4.2 ml X min-1, P less than 0.05. A small, though significant, decrease was also recorded in plasma urea concentration as a result of the reduced intake of food. The amount of excreted urea decreased by 41% (from 354.0 +/- 41.6 to 208.5 +/- 25.5 mumol X min-1, P less than 0.01) without significant changes in fractional excretion and tubular reabsorption of urea. After three days of water depletion the sheep exhibited a tendency of slight natriuresis whereas the excretion of potassium was reduced. Water depletion was also accompanied by a significant increase in the osmolality of plasma (from 298.0 +/- 1.3 to 317.0 +/- 1.8 mosmol X kg-1 H2O, P less than 0.001) and urine from 789.0 +/- 95.0 to 1547.0 +/- 53.0 mosmol X kg-1 H2O, P less than 0.001), without changes in the clearance of free water. On the other hand, the osmotic clearance was reduced as a result of suppressed excretion of urea and potassium (from 2.33 +/- 0.21 to 1.61 +/- 0.17 ml X min-1, P less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)