Effects of E/Z Isomers and Coating Materials of Astaxanthin Products on the Pigmentation and Antioxidation of Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of four astaxanthin preparations with different ratio of E/Z (trans/cis) isomers and different coating materials on the pigmentation and antioxidation properties of rainbow trout. Five diets were designed as basal diet (without astaxanthin supplementation) and four astaxanthin diets (100 mg/kg diet) supplemented with four astaxanthin products, BASF (79% all‐E, gelatin coated), Wisdom‐B (85% all‐E, gelatin coated), Wisdom‐C (94% all‐E, carrageenan coated), and Wisdom‐D (94% all‐E, gelatin coated). After 4 wk feeding, the flesh astaxanthin content, redness, and yellowness of astaxanthin‐supplemented groups were higher than those of control group at the second and fourth week (P < 0.05). Among these astaxanthin‐supplemented groups, the Wisdom‐B group had the highest flesh redness and astaxanthin content. The astaxanthin‐supplemented groups also had the lower flesh frozen loss and malondialdehyde level than control group at the fourth week (P < 0.05). The results indicated that dietary 100 mg/kg astaxanthin could improve the flesh redness and antioxidation abilities of rainbow trout. The ration of E/Z isomers and properties of coating materials of astaxanthin preparations influenced the pigmentation and antioxidation properties, and Wisdom‐B had a better pigmentation effect on the flesh than other astaxanthin preparations.     

豆科树种根瘤菌与四种豆科植物的接种试验

从５１种豆科树种根瘤中分离获得的６６个菌株与４种豆科植物进行接种试验，幼苗经５０ｄ培养，刺槐，合欢，大豆，豌豆的结瘤率分别为１００％，８７．９％，６９．７％，２５．８％。其中有１２个菌株可同时在这４种豆科植物上结瘤，２９个菌株可同时在刺槐，合欢和大豆上结瘤，４个可同时在刺槐，合欢和豌豆上结瘤，说明豆科对种根瘤菌具有较广泛的共生寄主范围。     

粉煤灰复田立地欧美杨施肥效应研究

对粉煤灰复田立地上欧美杨人工幼林施肥效应进行了研究，结果表明：①Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ和绿肥肥效均极其显著。相比较而言，Ｎ肥和绿肥肥效高于Ｐ、Ｋ肥。Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ和绿肥肥效显著的原因主要是由于立地土壤养分极缺之故；②连续４ａ施肥，最大肥效出现在造林的当年。与对照相比，１５个施肥处理林分树高和胸径在第４年时比对照分别提高４７．７％￣７１．７％和３７．７％￣７１．７％，表明施肥处理肥效极其显著；③粉煤灰复火立地欧美杨     

Analysis of floral scent emitted from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Syringa</Emphasis> plants

Syringa is an important aromatic woody angiosperm that is widely planted in gardens. Its dry flowers are traditionally used to manufacture infusions and spices in China. In this study, the floral volatiles emitted from nine different Syringa species and varieties, viz. S. chinensis, S. p rotolaciniata, S. o blata, S. o blata var. giraldii, S. o blata var. plena, S. v ulgaris ‘Mrs Harry Bickle’, S. v ulgaris ‘Bright Centennial’, S. v ulgaris ‘White Spires’, and S. v ulgaris ‘President Lincoln’ were collected by the dynamic headspace technique, and then identified by automated thermal desorption–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. There were significant differences in components and corresponding contents of floral scent emitted from the nine Syringa species and varieties. Among the detected components, β-ocimene exhibited the highest content, accounting for more than 70 % of the floral scent of S. p rotolaciniata, S. o blata var. giraldii, and S. v ulgaris ‘Bright Centennial’. A significant daytime variation of floral scent emitted from S. p ekinensis was recorded, especially for benzaldehyde, whose content first increased and then decreased. We studied the scent emitted from the in vitro flowers of S. v ulgaris ‘Pres Lincoln’ during the process of natural drying. Alcohol compounds were released in the greatest content, and the content of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol accounted for about 40 % of the total release amount. The results described the emission pattern and mechanisms of floral scent in Syringa.     

水稻叶鞘相关性状的遗传分析

本研究以典型釉粳交(春江06/台中本地1号)的F1代花药加倍的DH群体为材料,系统考察了DH群体及其双亲在抽穗期的叶鞘长、叶鞘重、叶鞘厚等性状上的分布情况.结果表明,叶鞘长度的遗传力较高,受环境的影响相对较小,叶鞘长与叶鞘厚及叶鞘干重间大多呈极显著的正相关.QTL分析共检测到31个与叶鞘有关的QTL,分布于水稻第1、第...     

苹果叶表附生微生物区系及其有益菌的研究 Ⅱ、有益芽孢杆菌的筛选、初步鉴定和电镜观察

在分析了同一生态条件下苹果褐斑病抗感品种的叶部微生物类群的基础上，从已获得的７株Ｂａｃｉｌｕｓ中筛选出３株普遍对苹果轮纹病、炭疽病、霉心病具拮抗作用的菌株，再通过对其菌体代谢液中激素的定性定量分析，筛选出Ｂ０１７（经鉴定为Ｂａｃｉｌｕｓｃｅｒｅｕｓ）作为本实验的益菌．扫描电镜观察表明Ｂ０１７能在苹果叶面定殖和繁衍     

异育银鲫对维生素C需要量的研究

在饲料中添加不同含量的结晶Vc（AA）和包膜从（CAA）饲养异育银鲫，结果发现，当饲料中缺乏Vc时，异育银鲫并没有表现出明显的缺乏症状，当饲料中的Vc添加量为AA400mg／kg或CAA200mg／kg时，异育银鲫的增重率和肝脏、血浆中的Vc含量达到最大。在本研究条件下，作者建议，异育很鲫对维生素C的需要量为200mg／kg饲料。     

毛竹新栽培变种—厚皮毛竹

报道了在江西万载县境内分布的一毛竹新栽培变种———厚皮毛竹。     

稻瘟菌二肽基肽酶V基因DppV的功能分析

为明确二肽基肽酶V（dipeptidyl-peptidase V,DppV）在稻瘟菌Magnaporthe oryzae中的生物学功能,采用在线软件对稻瘟菌DppV进行生物信息学分析,利用实时荧光定量PCR（quantitativereal-time PCR,qRT-PCR）技术分析其在稻瘟菌分生孢子不同萌发时间的表达量,通过基因敲除和功能回补、致病力测定等方法对其功能进行分析。结果表明,稻瘟菌DppV蛋白含有信号肽,定位于胞外,不含跨膜结构域,没有GPI锚定位点,为经典分泌蛋白,含DAP2结构域;其与小麦顶囊壳Gaeumannomyces tritici、早熟禾巨座壳Magnaporthiopsis poae、新烟曲霉Aspergillus novofumigatus和巴斯德伊蒙菌Emergomyces pasteurianus蛋白序列的相似度较高,分别为68.92%、68.41%、51.09%和49.96%;在稻瘟菌分生孢子萌发早期DppV基因均有表达,但当萌发时间为24 h时,其相对表达量最高,为5.61;稻瘟菌DppV基因敲除突变体菌株的菌落生长速度明显下降,产孢量（8.18×10⁴个/cm²）和4个产孢相关基因MoHox2、MoCon8、MoSec22和MoCos1的相对表达量显著降低,分生孢子萌发率（56.21%）明显下降,对SDS、NaCl、山梨醇和H₂O₂胁迫更加敏感,对水稻的致病力显著降低,水稻植株内真菌生物量明显减少,而稻瘟菌DppV基因回补菌株的表型、耐胁迫能力和致病力等则恢复到稻瘟菌野生型菌株的水平。表明DppV基因在稻瘟菌营养生长、产孢、致病力、对外界胁迫的应答及其在水稻体内的定殖等方面起着重要作用。