Effect of CREB-shRNA on mitochondrial morphology and cell apoptosis in OGD/R-induced cortical neurons

AIM: To construct recombinant lentiviral vector with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of CREB gene, and to investigate the effect of CREB gene silencing on mitochondrial morphology and cell apoptosis in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced cortical neurons. METHODS: Three lentiviral vectors pLentiLox3.7 (PLL) inserted shRNA fragments targeting CREB gene were co-transfected with the packaging plasmids psPAX2 and pMD2.G to the 293T cells, and the virus particles, which was infected with the primary cortical neurons, was encapsulated. The protein expression of CREB was detected by Western blot. The mitochondrial morphology, cell apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were evaluated by the methods of MitoTracker red, TUNEL and Western blot in OGD/R induced cortical neurons after CREB gene silencing. RESULTS: The pLL-CREB-shRNA1 was the most effective shRNA, which inhibited 80% CREB gene expression in the cortical neurons. The mitochondrial was appeared dot and fragment morphology in OGD/R induced cortical neurons with transfected pLL-CREB-shRNA1 plasmid. In addition, the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased, the expression of Bax, and the apoptosis of the neurons were increased by tranfected with pLL-CREB-shRNA1. CONCLUSION: CREB shRNA recombinant lentiviral vector specifically inhibits the expression of CREB gene. CREB gene silencing promotes the cell apoptosis and mitochondrial morphological changes in the cortical neurons induced by OGD/R.     

Rice–wheat cropping system: tillage,mulch, and nitrogen effects on soil carbon sequestration and crop productivity

Maintenance of organic carbon in soil (SOC) is critically important for sustained agricultural productivity and environmental quality. This paper presents SOC resulting from differences in tillage types and demonstrates how mulch and nitrogen (N) application can mediate the tillage functions on SOC and crop productivities. The results are derived from a 4-year field-scale study carried out in a low-land under sub-tropical hot and humid environment of Nepal. It compared eight treatment combinations, viz., tillage (no-tillage and conventional tillage), mulch (no-mulch and 12 Mg ha^?1 year^?1 of mulch), and N application (recommended versus leaf color chart method) under rice–wheat cropping system. Seasonal grain and biomass yields of these crops were recorded and at the end of the 4-year study, quantified the organic carbon stock of soil; Within 15 cm of surface soil, SOC stock (Mg C ha^?1) was statistically (p < 0.05) higher on no-tillage plots (11.2–11.8) than on conventional tillage plots (9.2–10.5). The treatment effect was more pronounced on winter wheat productivity where conventional tillage combined with straw-mulch exceled the performance of no-tillage. Clearly, no-tillage had the environmental benefit, and conventional tillage had the crop productivity benefit.     

蜻蜓凤梨的组织培养和快速繁殖

用蜻蜒凤梨短缩茎作植体培养,成功地建立了蜻蜓凤梨快速繁殖程序。蜻蜓凤梨短缩茎纵切块接种在ＭＳ培养基上诱导侧芽萌发;侧芽在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ４ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上继代增殖效果较好;不定芽在ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ培养上易生根。     

科研院所大型仪器设备共享平台建设的思考

大型仪器设备是科研院所科技创新、人才培养、成果转化的重要基础条件,在社会科技进步和技术创新过程中起着重要的支撑作用,促进大型仪器设备开放共享和可持续健康发展是目前科研院所需要重视的问题。文章分析了目前国内科研院所大型仪器设备开放共享平台建设的现状和不足,提出了健全大型仪器设备共享平台管理制度、加强专业技术人才的培养和引进、设立大型仪器设备运行维护专项经费和多渠道加强对外宣传等建议,希望为进一步加强大型仪器设备共享平台建设提供积极参考。     

‘月月粉’和野蔷薇花青素合成酶基因的鉴定与表达分析

植物花青素是一种天然的黄酮类水溶性植物色素,对于植物的花和果实的花色决定具有重要作用,花青素在植物体内的生物合成途径研究相对较清楚。但在蔷薇属植物中花青素合成酶基因的功能分析相对较少,通过序列比对和进化树分析鉴定‘月月粉’(Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’,用OB表示)和野蔷薇(Rosa multiflora)中花青素合成酶基因各14个。通过序列比较发现野蔷薇和OB中对应的同源基因序列相似性很高,表明这些基因的保守性很强,但表达谱分析显示这些基因在两个物种中的差异较大,暗示其调控序列可能变异程度较大。通过检测一个野蔷薇自然突变单株中红花和白花中的花青素合成酶基因的表达,推测有部分花青素合成酶基因可能在花青素合成反馈调节中具有重要作用。通过分析启动子序列中顺式作用元件推测OB中花青素合成酶可能受蔗糖和不同激素的调控。本研究可为揭示蔷薇属植物花青素合成调控的分子机制提供依据。     

Growth,behavioural, serum biochemical and morphological changes in female rabbits fed high-fat diet

This study aimed to determine whether high-fat diet (HFD) could cause growth, behavioural, biochemical and morphological changes in young female rabbits. Thirty-six female rabbits were randomly divided into two groups fed with either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a standard normal diet (SND) for 5 weeks. Growth and behavioural changes were recorded during the 5-week feeding period. Tissue samples, including blood and adipose tissue, were obtained after slaughter. HFD rabbits weighed more by the end of the feeding period, had a higher percent body weight and adipose tissue weight change and had longer body and bust lengths than SND rabbits. HFD rabbits significantly reduced their feed intake and feeding frequency during the fourth and fifth weeks. HFD rabbits also showed lower frequency of drinking and resting and increased stereotypical behaviour. Besides, HFD rabbits showed significant physiological abnormalities. HFD rabbits had higher serum cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) levels than SND rabbits at the end of the feeding period, and higher free fatty acid (FFA) levels than rabbits in the SND group after the third week of feeding. Serum thyroxine (T4) increased significantly in week 2 and week 5 and triiodothyronine (T3) increased significantly in week four. However, there was no significant change in serum glucose (GLU) and insulin (INS) levels. Additionally, HFD reduced the area and diameter of perirenal and subcutaneous fat cells and increased their density. Our findings suggest that HFD rabbits had higher weight gains, accumulation of fat, and more behavioural changes than SND rabbits. Although high levels of fat in the diet had a low impact on hyperglycaemia, it could lead to hyperlipidemia and hyperthyroidism. Our results also suggest that sustained HFD may cause the proliferation of adipocytes in young female rabbits.     

燕麦耐盐性的生理生化指标网络分析

为探讨盐胁迫下燕麦幼苗耐盐性与生理生化指标之间的关系,采用沙培法对6个栽培燕麦品种进行盐胁迫处理（0、1、2、4、6、8g/kg NaCl）,在播种7、14、21d时测定各处理下幼苗的生长指标和生理生化指标,并用单因素方差、相关性网络、隶属函数等方法进行数据分析。结果表明,耐盐指标间存在显著正相关关系,过氧化物酶活性、叶绿素含量与耐盐指标间存在显著正相关,丙二醛、可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量与耐盐指标间存在显著负相关;种子千粒重与耐盐指标、过氧化物酶及叶绿素含量之间存在显著负相关关系。     

黄腐酸对蒜套棉制度下棉花产量品质及土壤性状的影响

为明确黄腐酸在蒜套棉生产中棉花上的应用效果,实现棉花高产优质高效施肥,进行两季大田试验,试验设不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(BF)、常规施肥配施低、中、高量黄腐酸微生物菌剂(FA20、FA30、FA40)、常规施肥配施黄腐酸叶面肥(BFL50)、常规施肥配施低量黄腐酸微生物菌剂及黄腐酸叶面肥(FA20L50)共7个处理,研究不同黄腐酸肥料与常规肥料配施对蒜套棉制度下棉花产量、纤维品质及土壤养分的影响。结果表明:(1)与常规施肥相比,皮棉产量随着黄腐酸微生物菌剂用量的增加而增大,FA30、FA40皮棉产量较BF显著增产12.07%和22.41%,在苗期和盛花期显著提高土壤硝态氮、铵态氮和速效钾含量,FA40还提高了土壤有效磷含量。(2)常规施肥配施黄腐酸叶面肥处理皮棉产量较常规施肥处理平均增产7.19%,在盛花期叶片SPAD提高7.78%,并显著提高了气孔导度和净光合速率,降低胞间CO2浓度。(3)FA20L50较FA20和BFL50皮棉产量提高7.68%~27.51%,同时提高了纤维长度、整齐度指数和断裂比强度,并提高了土壤硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,土壤磷酸酶活性显著高于其他各处理。FA20L50处理的棉花茎和叶中氮、磷和钾总量与FA40差异不显著,但显著高于其他各处理;在铃壳中的养分总量较其他各处理提高8.96%~47.35%,净光合速率显著高于未施用黄腐酸叶面肥的处理。综上所述,常规肥料配施300kg/hm^2黄腐酸微生物菌剂与750mL/hm^2黄腐酸叶面肥处理田间施用效果最佳,能够提高棉花各生育期土壤速效养分供应,有利于养分在生殖器官中的积累,促进棉花叶片的净光合速率,提高棉花产量及品质。     

Proteomic-based identification of oocyte maturation-related proteins in mouse germinal vesicle oocytes

Oocyte proteins play an important role in oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic development. However, the protein composition of mouse germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes is still unclear. Using one-dimensional Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (1D SDS-PAGE) and Reverse-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (RP-LC-MS/MS), we constructed a protein profile of mouse GV oocytes. First, our proteomics profile identified 1,405 different proteins from 11,000 mouse GV oocytes lacking zona pellucida. Second, with detailed bioinformatics analysis, a group of proteins that play an essential role in oocyte maturation was screened. In addition, the expression and localization of suppressor of G2 allele of skp1(SUGT1, also called SGT1), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (Hnrpk), Seruin, Cullin1(Clu1) and nuclear distribution protein C (Nudc) in mouse ovaries and early embryos were also captured and investigated in this study. Moreover, the protein profile was submitted to the Proteomics Identifications Database (PRIDE) and is available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD014314. Our research provides valuable resources for the study of oocyte proteins and oocyte maturation and helps to clarify the mechanisms of oocyte maturation.