性别和添加卵磷脂对育肥猪生长性能、肉质和肌肉胶原含量的影响

本文旨在探讨性别和日粮添加卵磷脂对肥育猪生长性能、肉质、肌肉胶原蛋白含量及胶原合成关键基因表达的影响。试验选择272头二元杂交猪(阉割公猪和后备母猪各半),将其随机分到2×2因子组别中,包括2个性别(后备母猪和阉割公猪)和2个日粮(基础日粮和0.4%卵磷脂)。饲养5周后对猪只进行屠宰,取背长肌进行肉质和胶原蛋白含量的测定。分析骨骼肌参与胶原蛋白合成的关键基因(I型胶原COL1A1,III型胶原COL3A1,α-subunit prolyl4-hydroxylase(P4H)、赖氨酰化氧化酶(Lysyloxidase)和metalloproteinase-1(金属蛋白酶-1,MMP-1)的mRNA相对表达水平。结果显示:卵磷脂提高了阉割公猪和后备母猪的饲料转化率(P <0.05),但对采食量、平均日增重和屠宰率无显著影响(P> 0.05)。卵磷脂对肌肉剪切力、胶原蛋白含量及相关基因表达均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。阉割公猪生长速度和COL1A1基因mRNA相对表达水平均显著高于后备母猪(P <0.05)。但育肥猪性别对最长肌背膘厚度、胶原蛋白含量和相关基因表达水平无显著影响(P> 0.05)。综上所述,卵磷脂在不影响猪肉品质的前提下提高了育肥猪的饲料转化率。因此,在夏季高脂育肥猪日粮中添加卵磷脂有益于生产。     

接种红色荧光蛋白标记根瘤菌对苜蓿幼苗生长及结瘤能力的影响

将含有红色荧光蛋白(RFP)基因质粒的荧光标记根瘤菌S.LZgn5-rfp2,S.12531-rfp4、S.LH343-rfp3接种于甘农5号和WL343HQ紫花苜蓿,分别测定2个苜蓿品种幼苗的生物量、生长指标、固氮酶活性等指标。结果表明:RFP标记根瘤菌与出发菌相比对苜蓿幼苗生长无显著影响,与不接菌的苜蓿幼苗相比有明显的促生效果,能稳定的在苜蓿幼苗体内表达,并具有与出发菌无差异的促生能力,2个苜蓿品种间也无特异性。     

新昌县不同蔬菜重金属污染研究

通过对新昌县蔬菜生产基地6种蔬菜141个样品中的重金属元素As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb的含量进行调查分析,初步了解不同蔬菜重金属污染状况,并进行了蔬菜重金属污染安全评价。研究结果表明,不同品种蔬菜均不同程度地受到重金属污染,蔬菜中As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb的平均含量分别为0.029 4、0.007 4、0.037 3、0.153、0.098 6 mg/kg,均未超出国家蔬菜食品卫生标准;重金属综合污染程度顺序为青菜萝卜茄子茭白黄瓜四季豆,Hg、Cr和Pb是新昌县蔬菜中的主要污染元素;各类蔬菜的综合污染指数均小于1,表明各蔬菜是安全的。     

Prokaryotic Expression of Partial N Gene Fragment of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Reactionogenicity Analysis of the Expressed Protein

This experiment was aimed to study the antigenicity of prokaryotic expression of the N gene fragment of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV),and lay a foundation for establishing an indirect ELISA method of PEDV.The N gene segment was amplified by RT-PCR,then the recombinant plasmid with the vector pET-30a(+) was constructed,which was induced by 0.5 mmol/L IPTG at 37 ℃ for 4 h.Furthermore,the expressed product was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.Sequencing results proved that recombinant plasmid was correctly constructed.The result showed that the PEDV polyclonal antibody could specifically bind to PEDV N protein,which indicated that the recombinant fusion protein had excellent immunogenicity.A prokaryotic expression vector for the fragment of N protein was successfully constructed in this study,which laid a foundation for the development of diagnosis of PEDV.     

临床分离食品动物源多重耐药大肠杆菌耐药分子特征研究

本研究从主动外排机制、膜孔蛋白缺失及氟喹诺酮类药物作用靶位改变等几个方面探讨,临床分离的20株动物源性多重耐药大肠杆菌的耐药分子特征。实验结果表明,20株临床分离大肠杆菌gyrA83、gyrA87、parC80的突变率分别为95％、85％、55％。gyrA和parC共同突变的有11株,突变率为55％;20株多重耐药菌大肠杆菌普遍存在主动外排机制,主要介导对部分氨基糖苷类、四环素、氟苯尼考和氟喹诺酮类药物耐药,当添加外排泵抑制剂PAβN后多数菌株庆大霉素、新霉素、四环素、氟苯尼考及氟喹诺酮类药物的MIC都降低了2倍～256倍。利用建立的ELISA方法检测外排泵AcrA蛋白的表达水平,结果证实所有,临床分离菌外排泵表达都增高;20株分离大肠杆菌中,部分菌株缺失OmpC或OmpF蛋白,同时缺失这两个蛋白的只有3株。部分菌株OmpF蛋白条带附近存在有多重耐药相关蛋白（Mar）。本研究结果揭示多重耐药大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药物高水平的耐药表型是主动外排机制、药物作用靶位的改变、外膜通透性的改变及其它机制共同作用的结果。     

过瘤胃氯化胆碱在泌乳奶牛上的应用

将14头荷斯坦奶牛完全随机分为2组,每组7头。试验组从围产前期开始至产后1个月内每天每头饲喂10 g过瘤胃氯化胆碱,测定所有供试牛产后第1个泌乳月内日均产奶量;同时分别在产前1周、产后24 h、产后1、2、3、4周共6个时间点采血,测定血清中血糖、D₃ 羟丁酸、血脂（甘油三酯、总胆固醇, 包括高密、低密、极低密）、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶的含量。结果表明,与对照组相比,饲喂过瘤胃氯化胆碱的奶牛产后第1个月内日均产奶量比对照组提高1.7%（P>0.05）;围产期及泌乳初期血糖能维持在相对稳定的水平;D₃ 羟丁酸含量降低（P>0.05）,血脂、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶均无显著差异（P>0.05）。因此,围产期饲喂过瘤胃氯化胆碱能缓解奶牛产后能量负平衡状态,预防酮病,帮助奶牛快速恢复健康,提前进入产奶高峰期,提高牛场经济效益。     

不同施肥时期及施肥量对草地早熟禾生长发育特性的影晌

研究了不同施肥时期及施肥量对草地早熟禾生长发育特性的影响.研究表明:返青期加强施肥有利于草地早熟禾的生长,同时,可显著提高植株密度以及干物质的积累量.     

Influences of Vit-E on the mtDNA damage and Ca2+ homostasis of hippocampus and antioxidative ability in brain of aging mice induced by D-galactose

AIM: To study the influences of vitamin E (Vit-E) on the mtDNA damage and Ca²⁺ homeostasis in hippocampus and antioxidative ability in aging brain induced by D-galactose.METHODS: D-galactose (1 000 mg·k^-1·d^-1 ) was injected into mice hypodermically for 8 weeks to induce aging animal model, and Vit-E (100 mg·kg^-1; 250 mg·kg^-1) was administered for 6 weeks by ig at the 3rd week of making model. After Vit-E treatment for 8 weeks, water maze test was used to determine the ability of mice’s learning and memory. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), the content of nitric oxide (NO) and activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the brain tissue were detected separately. Fura-2/AM, double-wave-length fluorospectrophotometer and PCR method were used to measure the concentration of calcium ion and mtDNA mutation in the hippocampus cells.RESULTS: Administration of Vit-E improved significantly the ability of learning and memory in model mice, inhibited the activity of NOS and decreased the amount of NO, and increased the activities of GSH-Px and SDH respectively in brain tissues, decreased the concentration of calcium ion (P<0.01, P<0.05), and prevented the damage of mtDNA in hippocampus.CONCLUSION: Vit-E can enhance the antioxidative ability, regulate the homeostasis of Ca²⁺ and inhibit the damage of mtDNA caused by oxidative stress in aging brain, and improve the ability of learning and memory in aging mice.