关中奶山羊胎儿皮肤显微结构的观察

有关山羊皮肤组织结构的研究一直为国内外学者所关注,他们分别从不同的角度研究了各地区不同品种的山羊皮肤及其衍生物的组织结构[1-6],关中奶山羊是关中地区特有的山羊品种,本试验旨在通过常规组织学研究方法,对关中奶山羊皮肤的整体发育进行详细观察,以探索山羊胎儿皮肤生长发育的规律,从而为定向繁殖、培育地方良种及丰富家畜胚胎学的内容提供理论依据.     

杂交苏丹草中CN-含量的测定

对传统的异烟酸－吡唑啉酮比色法测定CN^-的条件进行了优化，并用于测定杂交苏丹草体内CN^-的含量。结果表明，苏丹草在苗期体内CN^-含量较高，达163mg/kg，以后呈逐渐下降的趋势。     

Magnetic resonance imaging features of spinal epidural empyema in five dogs.

Spinal epidural empyema is defined an accumulation of purulent material in the epidural space of the vertebral canal. Spinal epidural empyema should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs with pyrexia, spinal pain, and rapidly progressing myelopathy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the imaging test of choice in humans. Here, we describe the MR imaging features of five dogs with confirmed spinal epidural empyema. The epidural lesions appeared as high or mixed signal masses in T2-weighted (T2W) images. Increased signal within the spinal cord gray matter at the site of the lesion was detected in T2W images in all dogs. Two patterns of enhancement were detected on postcontrast T1-weighted (T1W) images. Mild to moderate peripheral enhancement was seen in three dogs and a diffuse pattern of enhancement was seen in one. Discospondylitis was identified in three dogs on T1W postcontrast images. Decompressive spinal surgery was performed in all dogs. Bacteria isolated from the abnormal epidural tissue were Enterobacter cloacae, coagulase-positive Staphylococci, Pasteurella multocida, and Escherichia coli. In one dog bacteria were not isolated. These MR imaging features, along with appropriate clinical signs, can allow prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.     

复方泛菌克对犬细小病毒的临床疗效观察

复方泛菌克是(犬毒必治)一种新型高效复方抗菌、抗病毒药物,能迅速消除动物肠毒素和内毒素,增强胃肠吸收能力,提高机体免疫功能。试验用犬毒必治对30只患犬细小病毒的病犬进行治疗,治愈28只,死亡2只,治愈率为93.3%。     

妊娠期营养水平对初产母猪繁殖性能和乳成分的影响

本试验旨在研究妊娠期不同营养水平对初产母猪繁殖性能和乳成分的影响。选用日龄、体重接近的"长×大"二元杂交母猪44头,配种后按体重随机分为4个组,这4组按照妊娠期母猪摄入的不同营养水平分别为75%NRC组、NRC组、125%NRC组、150%NRC组,每组11个重复,每个重复1头母猪,泌乳期自由采食。结果表明:1)母猪妊娠期营养水平对总产仔数无显著影响(P>0.05),150%NRC组窝产活仔数有低于125%NRC组的趋势(P=0.081),125%NRC组窝产健仔数、初生窝重显著高于75%NRC组(P<0.05),有高于150%NRC组的趋势(P=0.083,P=0.090),但与NRC组差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)母猪妊娠期总增重、净增重及配种-断奶增重各组之间差异极显著(P<0.01),随着妊娠期营养水平摄入的提高,泌乳期失重随之增加(P<0.01)。3)母猪泌乳期平均日采食量随妊娠期营养水平摄入的增加而降低,泌乳期消化能摄入量Y3(MJ/d)与妊娠期消化能摄入量X(MJ/d)的回归关系为:Y3=75.60-0.743X(R2=0.572,P<0.01)。4)随着妊娠期营养水平摄入的提高,母猪初乳中乳脂、乳蛋白含量随之极显著增加(P<0.01),常乳中乳脂、乳蛋白含量以125%NRC组最高,营养水平的摄入与乳脂、乳蛋白含量呈二次曲线关系(P<0.01)。结果提示,妊娠期125%NRC水平的营养摄入可改善初产母猪繁殖性能及常乳品质。     

生猪保险查勘定损工作中的生物安全风险防范措施探讨

在非洲猪瘟防控新形势下,各猪场都高度重视生物安全,对生物安全风险防范工作提出了新的要求。在这种情况下,过去生猪保险查勘定损中的一些传统做法已经不能适应新形势,出现了猪场封闭式管理和查勘定损工作相冲突,病死猪理赔监督不到位、死亡原因不明、处理不及时以及部分查勘员生物安全意识淡薄等现象。对此,有关部门和机构应加强生物安全培训,采用网络和电子化等手段变革传统工作方式,在保险机构和畜牧兽医部门间加强联动和信息共享,把查勘定损、无害化处理和疫病监测溯源工作有机结合,把生物安全风险降到最低。     

A Pressure Algometer Is a Useful Tool to Objectively Monitor the Effect of Diagnostic Palpation by a Physiotherapist in Warmblood Horses

There is a lack of scientific evidence for objective evaluation of neck and back musculoskeletal sensitivity in horses, although pressure algometry has been described as an objective tool to quantify musculoskeletal responses by mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) values. This study aimed to evaluate the use of pressure algometry for objectively quantifying the effect of diagnostic palpation applied by physiotherapists on the musculoskeletal function of the equine neck and back. The inter-examiner repeatability of animal physiotherapists was tested, and their subjective clinical scores for the vertebral column area were objectively compared with MNT values measured at the same locations to investigate the potential clinical implementation of the pressure algometer in daily equine rehabilitation practice. Six adult Dutch Warmblood riding school mares were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. The MNT of all horses was measured on 35 predefined sites on the vertebral column in the morning and in the evening of the same day. In the experimental group (n = 3), neck and back surface “temperature”, “pain”, “muscle tone”, and passive “mobility” were scored through palpation by three certified physiotherapists and related to MNT measurements at the same vertebral column locations. Agreement between the physiotherapists was determined from Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (P < .05). These correlation coefficients showed a significant agreement between the scores of individual physiotherapists and with objective MNT measurements. The three physiotherapists agreed best in their subjective gradings of “pain”, but less for “temperature” and “muscle tone”, and least for “mobility”. There was also a significant difference in MNT between individual horses. The physiotherapeutic diagnostic intervention did not significantly alter the MNT of the experimental group compared with the control group. There was a significant difference, however, between morning (7.4 kg/cm²) and evening (6.9 kg/cm²) MNT-measurements within the combined group (n = 6, P < .05). In conclusion, a pressure algometer proved to be a useful tool to objectively monitor the palpation of individual Warmbloods by individual physiotherapists. The correlation of their scores to the objective MNT measurements elucidated that there were differences on which scale (“pain”, “temperature”, “muscle tone”, “mobility”) they merely relied upon in their palpation. Significant effects of physiotherapeutic diagnostic palpation on MNT, however, were not found. The lower MNT of the horses at the second trial in the evening could be a sensitization of the measurement location because of bruising, a learning effect of the horses, or a diurnal fluctuation. The use of pressure algometry has both a potential to quantify clinical neck and back musculoskeletal sensitivity in horses possibly leading to dysfunction, as well as to objectively evaluate treatment results. Repeated measurements on the same day and on the same location along the vertebral column may influence absolute MNT values. The algometer can be used with success provided that the operator has proper and frequent training.     

Cutaneous pythiosis in a dog from Brazil

This report describes a case of cutaneous pythiosis in a 6‐year‐old female mixed breed dog, from the central west region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The cytological and histopathological analyses showed an intense inflammatory infiltrate with presence of numerous hyphal elements, suggesting infection due to Pythium insidiosum. The diagnosis was confirmed by nested‐PCR, which was carried out with specific primers derived from the ribosomal DNA region. The pathogen occurs in Brazil and veterinarians should be aware of the importance of correctly diagnosing this disease and differentiating it from other fungal diseases.     

保护性耕作对黄土旱塬玉米土壤呼吸及微生物数量的影响

研究了实施保护性耕作10年后秸秆还田和免耕对土壤可培养微生物数量和CO2释放的影响,采用LI COR 6400 09土壤气室连接红外线气体分析仪测定了玉米（Zea mays cv.Zhongdan No.2）土壤呼吸速率,采用平板涂抹计数法测定了根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量。结果表明,免耕和秸秆还田处理玉米花期土壤呼吸速率降低了8.3%和7.8%,玉米收获期土壤呼吸速率降低了15.5%和13.6%;土壤10 cm处地温与土壤呼吸速率变化趋势一致,且在传统耕作处理下最高;与传统耕作相比,免耕和秸秆还田不同程度地增加了根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量,但各类微生物数量之间的比例恒定;土壤呼吸速率与3类根际土壤微生物的数量呈负相关,但不显著。可利用免耕和秸秆还田提高黄土旱塬土壤碳库贮量。