抗旱耐热白三叶新品种选育初报

鄂牧一号白三叶是以美国瑞加和路易斯安那两个白三叶品种为原始材料，经单株抗性造反份系比较鉴定，多系混合杂交，品种比较和区域试验选育而成，历时１０年。该品种具有高产，抗旱，耐热和粗蛋白含量高等特性，是南方低山丘陵地区有推广应用前景的优良牧草和草坪植物。     

Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.     

硒对鸭镉中毒保护效应的研究

６６只３日龄天府肉鸭随机分为６组,其中一组每日上、下午灌服蒸馏水作为试验对照组,另５组每日早晨灌以１／２０ＤＬ５０（１４．４７ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）的氯化镉水溶液作试验组,试验Ⅰ－Ⅳ组每日下午分别再灌以３．３９、１．６９、０．８５、０．４２ｍｇ／ｋｇ的硒,第Ⅴ组灌服蒸馏水。试验期６周,其发病率和死亡率分另为１０／１１、９／１１、１０／１１、１０／１１、１１／１１、和４／１１、３／１１、２／１１、４／１１     

人参三醇组皂苷对大鼠急性坐骨神经损伤修复相关蛋白表达的影响

研究人参三醇组皂苷(PTS)对大鼠坐骨神经急性损伤蛋白表达的影响。建立大鼠坐骨神经挤压损伤模型,随机分为PTS组,模型对照组及空白对照组,每组各10只大鼠;各组均经腹腔注射给药,PTS组损伤后注射PTS;模型对照组,损伤后注射同剂量生理盐水;空白对照组,不损伤坐骨神经,注射同剂量生理盐水。坐骨神经损伤术后30d,免疫荧光化学染色检测PTS对损伤侧坐骨神经神经丝蛋白(NF-M)、微管相关蛋白-2(MAP-2)、生长相关蛋白(GAP-43)表达的影响,观察PTS对损伤侧神经的影响。大鼠损伤侧坐骨神经NF-M、MAP-2、GAP-43平均光密度表达(9.66±0.99、12.43±1.44、0.344±0.040)与模型对照组(8.21±1.25、11.90±1.14、0.278±0.042)比较有极显著性差异(P0.01)。PTS可促进坐骨神经损伤大鼠NF-M,MAP-2,GAP-43的表达。     

月季种质资源花色基础研究

运用测色仪对227个月季种质资源花色表型进行分类,并运用紫外分光光度计测定总类黄酮,探讨二者之间的相关性。结果表明:在a~*和b~*二维象限图上,7类色系主要集中分布在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ象限,在第Ⅲ象限(蓝色)没有分布,花瓣正面颜色分布较为集中、部分橙红色和深红色品种的反面花色分布较为离散;7个色系的明度均为L~(*B)L~(*F),绝大多数色系的颜色参数a~(*F)/b~(*F)/C~(*F)a~(*B)/b~(*B)/C~(*B),并且玫红色、紫红色、橙红色和深红色的正反面花色a~*、b~*、C~*差异显著;各个色系TA之间差异显著(P0.05),深红色TA含量最高。而TF含量,除了深红色和紫红色差异显著外,其他色系之间差异不显著(P0.05);TA与L~*呈负相关关系(P0.01),与花瓣L~(*B)相关性更大;TA与h°负相关(P0.01)。TA与a~*/C~*呈正相关关系(P0.01),与正面颜色参数值相关性更强,而TF与L~*/h°也呈负相关关系(P0.05)。说明TA和TF共同影响花色的呈现,并且花青苷含量的高低是影响花色深浅的主要因素。     

家禽安全高效给药五注意

一选择最适宜的给药方法 在给家禽投药前,首先要根据用药的目的、病情缓急及药物本身的性质来确定最适宜的给药方法.如预防用药,一般是拌料或饮水等,这样可省工省时;如个别治疗用药,一般是口服、注射,这样做可使用药的剂量准确、效果确实.一般的抗球虫药及抗组织滴虫药,只有在一定时间内连续使用才有效,因此多采用拌料给药.抗生素用于促进生长及控制某些传染病时,也可混于其中给药.     

肝脏与胰腺发育的分子调控

肝脏和胰腺均由内胚层发育而来的消化器官,它们广泛地参与糖代谢、脂类代谢和蛋白质代谢.肝脏和胰腺的发育是一个动态连续的过程,并受到多种信号途径及转录因子的调控.基于上述特点和显著的医用价值,笔者对肝脏和胰腺发育过程中的分子作用机理作了系统地阐述,这将不仅有助于理解与肝脏和胰腺相关疾病的发病机理.同时也为有效地指导相关疾病的预防及治疗工作提供分子理论基础.     

一例奶牛乳房损伤治疗的体会

奶牛乳房划破或被蹄蹬破是常见的外科疾病,预防时应注意处理外露尖锐物、勤于修蹄,对乳房过大或乳房下垂的奶牛及时采取保护措施是防止奶牛乳房损伤的关键。     

A cluster of two psittacosis cases among women farmers exposed to Chlamydia psittaci-infected domestic poultry in Zhejiang Province,China

A cluster of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) cases was reported in Zhejiang Province, China, 2019. This study evaluates the extent of the outbreak and determines the source of infection. Real-time PCR and sequencing of the ompA gene of C. psittaci were performed to identify the cases, the domesticated poultry and close contacts. The index patient was a 76-year-old woman with chronic vertigo, and Case 2 was a 64-year-old female farmer with herpes zoster. Both women bought psittaci-infected chickens or ducks from the same mobile street vendor and raised them for 10 days and 23 days before fever onset. There were no direct contact between the two women. C. psittaci test was positive for the two patients, one sick chicken, three healthy ducks and the vendor's chicken cage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all seven C. psittaci positive samples carried identical ompA genotype A of C. psittaci. Of all of the patients' 148 close contacts, none tested positive for C. psittaci, or developed acute respiratory symptoms. Both patients were discharged after a 4-week hospital stay. In conclusion, the source of this cluster was the poultry infected with C. psittaci, which occasionally cause infections in farmers, but inter-human transmission seems unlikely.     

陕西省动物研究所馆藏标本现状及分析

陕西省动物研究所现有馆藏标本5万余份,是秦岭地区野生动物保护及研究的重要参考资料。为加强标本管理,提高标本使用效率,我们在2008年4月至2009年6月对所内馆藏标本进行了系统分类整理,分析总结了馆藏标本的现实状况并就存在的问题进行了探讨,为标本数字化共享平台建设奠定了基础,并为今后科研院校在动物学研究领域的交流与合作奠定基础。