华南型黄瓜新品种‘力丰’

‘力丰’黄瓜是以耐热自交系‘冠农–863’为母本,抗病自交系‘揭阳乌皮青–311’为父本配制而成的杂交一代华南型新品种。植株生长势强,早熟性及丰产性好。瓜圆筒形,瓜长25 cm,单瓜质量400 g左右,品质良,风味佳,耐贮运。耐热,抗枯萎病,一般产量60.0 t·hm~(-2),适合华南地区春秋季及东南亚地区种植。     

Involvement of TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome in contrast medium-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells

AIM: To investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were involved in contrast medium (CM)-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS: Iopromide was used to injure NRK-52E cells in the study. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speckle-like protein (ASC), caspase-1 and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot. The releases of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA. The apoptotic rate was evaluated by Hoechst staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by JC-1 staining. siRNA was transfected into the NRK-52E cells to silence NLRP3 expression. RESULTS: CM decreased the viability of NRK-52E cells (P<0.05). CM also elevated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, TLR4, NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 (P<0.05). Silencing NLRP3 attenuated CM-induced releases of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, treatment with TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 or knockdown of NLRP3 by siRNA transfection both attenuated cell apoptosis and loss of MMP caused by CM. CONCLUSION: TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome takes part in the pathogenesis of CM-induced acute kidney injury, and mediates CM-induced injury and inflammation in renal tubular epithelial cells.     

Celecoxib inhibits viability,induces apoptosis and inhibits autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines HL-60 and HL-60A

AIM: To investigate the effects of celecoxib on viability, apoptosis and autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines HL-60 and HL-60A. METHODS: The HL-60 cells and HL-60A cells were cultured with various concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L) of celecoxib. The inhibitory effect of celecoxib on the cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V/PI staining. Apoptosis-related and autophagy-related proteins were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: IC₅₀ of celecoxib were 49.4 μmol/L, 32.0 μmol/L and 25.1 μmol/L for HL-60 cells treated with celecoxib for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. For HL-60A cells, the corresponding IC₅₀ were 69.1 μmol/L, 42.5 μmol/L and 29.6 μmol/L, respectively. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed the proportions of Annexin-Ⅴ⁺ PI^-, Annexin-Ⅴ⁺ PI⁺ and Annexin-Ⅴ^-PI⁺ cells were increased in the HL-60 cells, and those of Annexin-Ⅴ⁺PI^- and Annexin-Ⅴ⁺ PI⁺ cells were increased in the HL-60A cells treated with celecoxib for 24 h. After treated with celecoxib, the induction of apoptosis was observed, the apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were upregulated, the autophagy-related proteins LC3 II and P62 were both increased, and mTOR, p-mTOR, 4-EBP and p-4-EBP were not changed, indicating that celecoxib inhibited autophagy in the AML cells without the mTOR pathway involvement. CONCLUSION: Celecoxib inhibits the viability of HL-60 cells and HL-60A cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner by its effects of inducing apoptosis and necrosis. Celecoxib inhibits mTOR-independent autophagy in AML cells, indicating a possible way of using celecoxib for enhancing the antitumor activity of therapeutic agents to induce cytoprotective autophagy in the AML cells.     

Model construction of rat coronary artery smooth muscle cell endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by thapsigargin

AIM: To investigate the primary culture method for coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs), and to establish the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) model in CASMCs of SD rats. METHODS: CASMCs were cultured by tissue explant method. The morphological characteristics were observed under optical microscope. The marker proteins of CASMCs, including α-SMA and SM-MHC, were identified by immunofluorescence technique. The protein expression levels of BiP and CHOP, the marker molecules of ERS, were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The spindle-shaped CASMCs climbed out from the edge of coronary artery tissues after 6 d, and formed the typical "hill and valley" growth pattern of CASMCs at 9~10 d. The result of immunofluorescence technique showed that α-SMA and SM-MHC were positively expressed. The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of BiP and CHOP in TG (1 and 2 μmol/L) treatment groups was increased compared with control group. Compared with control group, the protein expression of BiP and CHOP was significantly increased after 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION: CASMCs can be successfully cultured by tissue explant method. ERS model of CASMCs was established by 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 h.     

菌草栽培猴头菌配方筛选

以5种菌草(巨菌草、象草、五节芒、芒萁、类芦)草粉为试材,采用三级系统筛选法对5种菌草草粉进行配方筛选优化,以期得到菌草栽培猴头菌的最佳配方。结果表明:5种菌草草粉中,菌草栽培猴头菌菌丝体的最佳配方为39%芒萁、39%类芦、20%麸皮、2%石膏,含水量为60%。该配方猴头菌菌丝体生长速度快,达0.654 9cm·d~(-1);当栽培料中的菌草和木屑的混合比例为28%∶50%时,猴头菌子实体头茬的产量高,平均每袋产量为269.24g。     

引进桃品种开花结果习性的比较

作者以引进的8个桃品种为试材,对物候期、花器官和结果习性进行调查研究。结果表明,在阿拉尔垦区引进的桃品种3月中下旬萌芽、露瓣,4月初进入开花期,花期8~10 d。花冠直径存在极显著差异,‘春美’‘春蜜’花冠直径最大。蟠桃品种间花瓣大小差异不显著,普通桃品种间差异显著。‘中农金辉’花瓣横径、纵径和雄蕊数极显著小于其他品种;多数品种雌蕊数为2枚,‘锦绣’雌蕊数为3枚。花粉生活力、萌发率差异明显,‘中农金辉’花粉生活力最高,‘中蟠10号’花粉萌发率最高。引进的桃品种定植第2年结果,长中短结果枝均能结果,‘中农金辉’自然坐果率较高。     

小白菜优化配方施肥初探

以小白菜为材料,研究了不同施肥处理对小白菜产量、硝酸盐含量、硝酸盐还原酶活性及VC含量的影响。试验结果表明,在土壤1中优化配方施肥在氮、磷用量分别比常规施肥减少42%、61.47%,钾增加29.07%的情况下(N 4.35 kg/667 m~2、P_2O_52.89 kg/667m~2、K_2O 9.68 kg/667 m~2),产量增加20.04%,VC含量增加32.52%,硝酸盐含量降低31.56%;土壤2中优化配方施肥在施用氮、磷分别比常规施肥减少100%、100%,钾增加3.8%的情况下(N 0 kg/667 m~2、P_2O_5 0 kg/667 m~2、K_2O 7.79 kg/667 m~2),产量增加49.19%,VC含量增加101.63%,硝酸盐含量降低51.37%。土壤1和土壤2结果比较发现,在不同肥力土壤中,优化配方施肥处理的小白菜都取得了较高的产量、较好的品质,但在不同肥力土壤中最优施肥量不一样,具体施肥量需要根据土壤肥力和作物种类考虑。     

甘蔗收获机切割系统负载压力影响因素的试验研究

针对甘蔗收获机在入土切割时无法根据地形精确控制切割器入土切割深度的问题,通过理论分析甘蔗收割机入土切割时影响切割系统负载压力的因素,并通过试验探究各因素对切割系统负载压力的影响规律。试验结果表明:影响切割系统负载压力的主要因素有入土深度、土槽进给速度、甘蔗密度、刀盘转速、土壤含水率和土壤密度,随着入土切割深度、土槽进给速度、甘蔗密度和刀盘转速的增加,切割系统的负载压力整体均呈逐渐增大的趋势,并得出各因素对切割系统负载压力影响的显著性及先后顺序。该研究为建立甘蔗收获机械切割系统的负载压力与切刀入土切割深度的关系数据库提供了数据支持。     

工业大麻机械化收割技术的研究

传统麻类作物的收割方式一直是制约麻类作物发展的重要因素,机械化收割是麻类作物发展的重要方式。为此,通过调研检索国内外麻类机械的相关文献资料,简述了国内外麻类作物机械化收割的现状和特点,并在系统地介绍和分析麻类作物收割机械的基础上,重点介绍圆盘切割装置的研究概况,阐述了国内外麻类收割机械的所具有的优势和不足,提出了适合中国工业大麻机械化收割的建议。