莱豆新品种龙莱1号的选育

征集龙岩市莱豆地方品种13个,按照育种目标进行品种筛选、提纯、繁殖、特征特性观察与栽培技术试验,育成的莱豆新品种龙莱1号具有中熟、品质优、产量高、抗病性较强、适应性广、商品价值高等特点。该文介绍该品种从2003～2010年的选育过程及该品种主要特征特性。     

鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶对肥胖模型大鼠体重、脂肪沉积及脂质代谢的影响

本试验旨在研究鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶对肥胖大鼠体重、脂肪沉积及脂质代谢影响。随机选取雄性大鼠108只,体重220~240 g,适应性饲养3 d。分为对照组(Ⅰ组)、高脂组(Ⅱ组)和高脂模型组;高脂模型组造模成功后,将其按体重随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复4只;各组在基础饲粮中分别添加0(Ⅲ组)、0.01%(Ⅳ组)、0.05%(Ⅴ组)、0.1%(Ⅵ组)、0.2%(Ⅶ组)、0.4%(Ⅷ组)、0.8%(Ⅸ组)的果胶酶。试验期8周。结果表明:1)鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶能够有效抑制肥胖模型大鼠体重的增长,降低Lee’s指数,控制体型发育。2)鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶能够降低肥胖模型大鼠机体脂肪沉积量。3)鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶能够有效地对肥胖模型大鼠由于摄入高脂饲粮引起的脂肪肝进行干预,使其恢复到正常水平。4)鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶能够降低肥胖模型大鼠血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、游离脂肪酸含量,提高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量。5)鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶能够降低肥胖模型大鼠谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性,提高血清脂蛋白酯酶和肝酯酶活性。由此可见,鹅源草酸青霉产果胶酶对肥胖模型大鼠脂肪沉积和脂质代谢具有显著干预修复作用,降脂效果明显。     

Nutrient uptake requirements with increasing grain yield for rice in China

Improved estimates of nutrient requirements for rice（Oryza sativa L.）in China are essential to optimize fertilization regulation for increasing grain yields and reducing the potential of environmental negative influences,especially under high-yielding intensive systems.A database involving rice grain yields,nutrient concentrations and accumulations collected from on-field station experiments in the literatures published from 2000 to 2013 in China was developed to understand the relationships between grain yields and plant nutrient uptakes,and to quantify nutrient requirements for different yield levels.Considering all data sets,rice grain yield ranged from 1.4 to 15.2t ha^-1with the mean value of 7.84t ha^-1,and ca.10.4%of yield observations were higher than the yield barrier level of 10 t ha^-1.N requirement to produce one ton grain was 21.10 kg for the yield range<4.0t ha^-1with a high variation of 45.8%.Except of the yield range<4.0t ha^-1,the values of N requirement,firstly increased from 18.78 kg for yield range 4.0-5.5 t ha^-1to 20.62 kg for yield range 7.0-8.5 t ha^-1,then decreased slightly to 19.67 and19.17 kg for the yield range 8.5-10 and>10 t ha^-1,respectively.Phosphorus（P）and potassium（K）requirements showed increasing trends,from 3.51 and 19.87 kg per t grain for<4.0 t ha^-1yield range to 4.10 and 21.70 kg for>10.0t ha^-1range.In conclusion,nutrient requirement varied with increasement of grain yield,and N,P and K presented various response trends,increasing,declining or stagnating,which would be of great benefit for improving fertilizer strategies.     

胸部高分辨率CT在新生儿胸部疾病诊断中的意义

目的 探讨胸部高分辨率CT(HRCT)在新生儿胸部疾病诊断中的意义.方法 收集69例行胸部HRCT检查的新生儿临床资料,分析新生儿胸部疾病的常见HRCT征象,并与DR平片进行对比.结果 HRCT对先天性胸肺发育异常疾病的诊断符合率明显高于DR平片(77.8％ vs 38.9％,P＜0.05);HRCT在发现新生儿重症肺炎特殊征象上明显优于胸部DR平片(71.4％ vs 4.8％,P＜0.01).结论 胸部HRCT对于肺部发育不良、纵膈病变、新生儿重症肺炎等具有较大的诊断意义.     

非繁殖季节奶山羊同期发情处理效果研究

为了探讨两种同期发清处理方法和不同年龄阶段对非繁殖季节奶山羊同期发情效果的影响,选用12∽15月龄初产奶山羊和4∽5胎经产奶山羊分为两组,采用孕激素耳栓埋植和阴道栓塞两种处理,并辅以肌注PMSG及PG-CL、E2,每组试验重复2次.结果显示：孕激素耳栓埋植法和阴道栓塞法两种同期发情处理方法处理初产组奶山羊总发情率分别达到87.5％和100.0％,经产组分别达到77.8％和83.3％,均无显著差异（P＞0.05）.但两种方法0∽24 h内的同期发情率初产组阴道栓法平均为94.1％,耳栓法平均为37.5％,差异显著（P＜0.05）,经产组阴道栓法平均为61.1％,耳栓法平均为44.4％,差异亦显著（P＜0.05）;无论初产、经产组奶山羊阴道栓法处理0∽24 h内的同期发情率（分别为94.1％、61.1％）显著高于24∽36 h发情率（分别为5.9％、22.2％）（P＜0.05）.用阴道栓同一种方法处理初产和经产奶山羊,初产组24 h的同期发情率（86.7％）显著高于经产组（60.0％）（P＜0.05）.阴道栓法处理同期发情效果优于耳栓法,初产奶山羊的同期发情效果优于经产奶山羊.     

Molecular Cloning,Sequence Analysis and Tissues Expression Profile of Part of Mink Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Genes

The present study was aimed to explore the potential role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the mink immunity, and accumulate alternative genetic material for the mink breeding for disease-resistant.Four pairs of primers were designed according to ferret TLR sequences in GenBank to obtain the sequences of TLR genes (TLR4, TLR6, TLR7 and TLR8) of mink and then performed bioinformatics analysis of these sequences.In addition, the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 genes in various tissues in young and adult minks were analyzed by RT-PCR. Sequence homology analysis showed that mink had higher homology with carnivora (ferrets, polar bear, panda, walrus, seals, dog, tiger and cat) which had the nearest perimeter in the phylogenetic tree.Tissue expression analysis showed that TLR4 and TLR7 were widely and differently expressed in variety tissues of mink.Interestingly, the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 in young mink were much higher than that in adult mink.     

行政事业单位改革性补贴与奖励性补贴存在的问题与对策

改革性补贴和奖励性补贴作为当前行政事业单位员工收入的组成部分,要将其纳入个人总收入水平的监管范围,在对收入总水平进行宏观调控的基础下,对其实施规范和管理。因此,如何规范改革性补贴和奖励性补贴便成为改革当前收入分配制度,规范收入分配秩序的重要工作内容之一。本论文探讨了改革性补贴与奖励性补贴在现实中存在的一些问题,并提出了相应的对策,希望对当前行政事业单位员工收入改革有所裨益。     

艾纳香内生真菌抗细菌和炭疽菌的活性研究

为获得丰富的艾纳香内生真菌资源,筛选出抗性生防菌株,用于活性次生代谢产物的发现,通过水琼脂法对海南产艾纳香进行内生真菌分离,通过ITS序列分析,对其进行鉴定和分析。采用滤纸片法评价内生真菌发酵产物对细菌的抑制活性,采用平板对峙培养法评价艾纳香内生真菌对植物炭疽菌的拮抗作用。本研究共分离鉴定出191株内生真菌,分属于27属,45种,其中优势菌属为Diaporthe、Paraphoma、Ectophoma、Penicillium、Talaromyces、Hypoxylon、Phomopsis、Colletotrichum和Fusarium。抗细菌活性结果显示,Clonostachys、Fusarium和Diapothe属活性较强。抗炭疽病菌试验显示,Talaromyces、Ectophoma和Penicillium属活性较强。本研究初步探讨了海南产艾纳香内生真菌种类的多样性,并首次对其进行了抗病原菌活性筛查,获得的活性菌株可作为微生物源菌剂开发的重要材料。     

蛋白质变性剂和金属离子对中华皮蝇单体乳酸脱氢酶活力的影响

为了分析蛋白质变性剂和金属离子对从中华皮蝇(Hypoderma sinense)幼虫中纯化的单体乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力的影响,分别用3种蛋白质变性剂[尿素、盐酸胍、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)]以及8种二价金属离子在体外处理纯化的中华皮蝇LDH,再测定其酶活力。结果表明,中华皮蝇LDH对蛋白质变性剂尿素有一定的耐受性,对SDS敏感;在1~20 mmol/L浓度范围内,大多数二价金属离子对LDH活力有不同程度的抑制作用,但3 mmol/L的Co2+对LDH活力有很强的促进作用,这不同于其他来源的LDH。该研究结果提示中华皮蝇LDH具有较高的抗变性能力,对高浓度Co2+的需求可能是其重要特征之一。