优化施肥对春小麦产量、氮素利用及氮平衡的影响

2009 ～ 2010年,在宁夏引黄灌区分别以宁春11号和宁春16号小麦为供试作物,利用田间试验研究了优化施肥(OPT)和习惯施肥(CON)对春小麦产量、氮素吸收利用和土壤硝态氮累积的影响,表观评估了土壤—小麦体系氮素平衡.结果表明,相对于CK处理,OPT和CON都显著提高春小麦籽粒产量地上部生物量,并促进籽粒N和地上...     

金黄色葡萄球菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较

为寻求一种较为实用的金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）基因组DNA提取方法,对酶解法、十二烷基硫酸钠（Sodium dodecyl sulfate,SDS）法、FDA法、热裂解法等常见的4种不同提取方法进行了改良和比较.结果表明,4种方法中,SDS法提取的DNA质量最好,检测灵敏度高,当金黄色葡萄球菌的DNA稀释至2.95 pg或更少时,SDS法还能够通过PCR将其检测出来;并且该方法的稳定性好,经济性高,是金黄色葡萄球菌基因组DNA理想的提取方法.     

杨盘二孢激发子的分离及稳定性研究

 从杨盘二孢的培养滤液和菌丝中获得2种激发子粗提物,分别测定其糖和蛋白质的含量,发现滤液激发子粗提物(CFE)糖和蛋白质的含量分别为41.07和40mg/mL,菌丝激发子粗提物(CME)糖和蛋白质含量分别为48.07和55mg/mL。滤液激发子粗提物对温度不敏感而对碱性条件敏感;菌丝激发子粗提物对酸碱不敏感而对温度敏感。用Sephadex G-100柱层析的方法初步纯化2种激发子,并且菌丝激发子粗提物过柱后得到2个活性组分J14和J25;滤液激发子粗提物过柱后获得2个活性组分L9和L16。将4个组分进行烟草叶片过敏反应和I-895杨酶活性的诱导,结果表明,菌丝激发子强活性物质集中在J14组分;而滤液激发子强活性物质集中在L9组分。     

半湿润区斑地锦入侵后马铃薯的光合响应

试验以无斑地锦入侵条件为对照,研究半湿润区斑地锦入侵对马铃薯叶片光合色素含量、PSⅡ荧光特性和吸收光能分配的影响.结果表明,斑地锦入侵后,马铃薯叶片5-氨基乙酰丙酸、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、PSⅡ原初光能转化效率Fv/Fm、PSⅡ有效光化学量子产率Fv’/Fm’、光化学量子效率ΦPSⅡ、表观光合电子传递速率ET...     

秦川牛超数排卵效果的研究

本研究共超排秦川牛31头次，有效超排20头次，有效率为64.5％。头均获胚总数6.45枚，可用胚4.20枚。激素用量为300 mg/头时，头均获胚总数和头均可用胚数显著高于260和340 mg组（P<0.05）。冬春季的头均获胚总数（8.56）和头均可用胚数（6.00）显著高于夏秋季（4.73、2.73）（P<0.05）。对供体牛连续超排处理3次，间隔70 d，对超排效果无显著影响。     

The dynamics of bacterial community in a polyculture aquaculture system of Penaeus chinensis,Rhopilema esculenta and Sinonovacula constricta

Polyculture with Chinese shrimp Penaeus chinensis, jellyfish Rhopilema esculenta and razor clam Sinonovacula constricta (S.J.R) is a common aquaculture system in Dandong, China. Investigation on the composition and function of microbial communities and their relationship with environmental factors in aquaculture systems have crucial implications. Therefore, the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was applied to profile the bacterial community composition of water and sediment in S.J.R polyculture system in the present study. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in S.J.R polyculture ponds following with Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in water; in contrast, more diverse phyla were detected in sediments. Water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were determined the bacterial community composition in the S.J.R polyculture systems. Specially, Planktomarina, PS1 clade, Candidatus Aquiluna and Fibrobacteres, which can resist the phytoplankton blooms or degrade the cellulose, were more abundant in water at the early stage of cultivation in the S.J.R polyculture system. Moreover, the functions of bacterial communities in water were mainly associated with cell communication mediated, while the functions related to basal metabolism were enriched in sediments. The findings of this study allowed us to better understand the bacterial community in the S.J.R polyculture system and accumulated data for the improvement of cultural management.     

矮泰引－2中半矮秆基因的分离与鉴定研究

矮泰引－２中半矮秆基因的分离与鉴定研究梁国华，潘学彪，顾铭洪，嵇朝球（扬州大学农学院农学系，扬州２２５００１，现在地址：江苏油田农场，江苏洪泽２２３１２５）关键词：基因分析；基因分离；半矮秆基因ＴｈｅＩｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＧｅｎｅｔｉｃＩｄｅｎｔｉ...     

猪血清中生长激素(GH)和生长激素释放激素(GHRH)的发育性变化研究

采用ELISA方法检测了3个不同体重梯度(90、110和130 kg)的川藏黑猪配套系和DLY猪血清中生长激素(GH)和生长激素释放激素(GHRH)的含量变化,并分析了其与肌纤维面积(CSA)和肌内脂肪(IMF)含量的关系。结果显示,90、110和130 kg体重梯度川藏黑猪配套系和DLY猪血清中GH含量分别为14.25、14.61、14.11及17.86、16.98、16.77 μg/L,GHRH含量分别为22.88、23.98、24.33及27.72、27.47、28.39 μg /L,除DLY猪90和130 kg血清中GH含量差异显著(P<0.05)外,品种内不同体重梯度间差异均不显著(P >0.05);不同猪种间,除110 kg梯度GHRH水平差异不显著(P >0.05)外,其余川藏黑猪配套系均显著低于DLY猪(P< 0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,GH、GHRH水平与CSA呈显著正相关(P< 0.05),与IMF含量呈极显著负相关(P< 0.01)。结果表明GH和GHRH可能通过血液对猪肌纤维的生长和肌内脂肪的沉积进行调控。     

Effects of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios on growth and body composition of juvenile yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (Siluriformes, Bagridae, Pelteobagrus)

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios on growth and body composition of juvenile yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco . Nine diets were formulated to contain three protein levels (30%, 36% and 42%), each with three carbohydrate levels (24%, 30% and 36%). Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 20 fish (initial mean body weight: 8.24±0.20 g) in indoor flow – through fibreglass tanks. The experiment continued for 8 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rate were similar for the fish fed the 36% and 42% protein diets but higher than that fed the 30% protein diet. At the 36% protein level, carbohydrate contents varying from 24% to 36% ( P / E ratio of 24.0–28.2 mg protein kJ⁻¹) had no significant effects on growth performance and feed utilization ( P >0.05). Protein efficiency ratio tended to increase with dietary carbohydrate level at the same protein level. Dietary treatments significantly influenced body composition ( P <0.05), but not the condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and intraperitoneal fat ratio ( P >0.05). Based on these observations, 36% protein and 24–36% carbohydrate with the P / E ratio of 24.0–28.2 mg protein kJ⁻¹ seemed suitable for optimal growth and feed utilization, and carbohydrate could cause protein-sparing effect in diets for juvenile yellow catfish.     

人工湿地堵塞监测方法的研究进展

人工湿地堵塞是目前国内外研究的热点问题,精确、高效的监测方法对提升湿地运行管理及净化能力等有重要意义。总结前人研究成果,比较分析目前人工湿地堵塞常见和可能的监测方法,对人工湿地堵塞监测方法和装置设备的研究方向及重点进行了展望,以期为堵塞湿地的长期监测提供参考。根据湿地内部水力学分析、基质或堵塞物物理化学性质将监测方法分为原位法和异位法。原位法中基于水力传导率测定的下降水头法和恒定水头法应用广泛;示踪剂技术较为简明直观,常用作堵塞湿地水流模型的建立;时域反射探针、探地雷达以及核磁共振传感器等新型原位探针技术对湿地内部造成的干扰较小,在湿地堵塞物定性定量方面具有良好发展前景;基于湿地内部电阻效应的微生物燃料电池法是目前研究的热点;基于基质孔隙率和堵塞物成分和性质的异位测定法还有较大提升空间;新兴的以蚯蚓为主的生物监测和根区微生物监测同样值得探索。