热敏电阻冰点仪法测定生鲜牛乳中冰点的研究

利用热敏电阻冰点仪法测定生鲜牛乳中的冰点,对该方法的重复性、灵敏度以及掺水掺盐对生鲜牛乳冰点值的影响等方面进行了研究.此方法的检测极限值为2.4 m℃.     

Decreased blood cell counts were not observed in cattle living in the “difficult‐to‐return zone” of the Fukushima nuclear accident

White blood cells, especially lymphocytes, are susceptible to radiation exposure. In the present study, red blood cell, total white blood cell, and lymphocyte counts were repeatedly measured in cattle living on three farms located in the “difficult‐to‐return zone” of the Fukushima nuclear accident, and compared with two control groups from unaffected areas. Blood cell counts differed significantly between the two control groups, although almost all the values fell within the normal range. The blood cell counts of the cattle in the “difficult‐to‐return zone” varied across sampling times even on the same farms, being sometimes higher or lower than either of the two control groups. However, neither a statistically significant decrease in blood cell counts nor an increase in the rate of cattle with extremely low blood cell counts was observed overall. The estimated cumulative exposure dose for the cattle on the most contaminated farm was within a range of 500–1000 mSv, exceeding the threshold for the lymphopenia. Because of the low dose rate on these farms, potential radiation damages would have been repaired and have not accumulated enough to cause deterministic effects.     

应用PCR技术检测鹅细小病毒

根据鹅细小病毒GPVH1株结构蛋白VP1与VP3编码基因非重叠核苷酸序列设计了一对引物GPR1 /GPR2 ,用这对引物对感染器官内的GPR和接种鹅胚增殖的GPV进行PCR扩增 ,其结果引物GRP1 /GPR2能特异性地扩增GPVVP1 VP3区段核苷酸序列 ,扩增出与设计核苷酸片段大小相符的 0 6kb的序列 ,而对照的鹅副粘病毒cDNA及鸭瘟病毒 (DPR)DNA对照组均出现阴性结果。     

Quantification of surgical blood loss

OBJECTIVE: To compare gravimetric and colorimetric methods of quantifying surgical blood loss, and to determine if there is a correlation between preoperative hemostatic tests (buccal mucosa bleeding time [BMBT] and intraoperative blood loss). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Dogs (n=15) admitted for cutaneous tumor excision, orthopedic procedure, or exploratory laparotomy. METHODS: Intraoperative blood loss was quantified by measuring irrigation fluid and weighing surgical sponges used for blood and fluid collection during surgery. Results of gravimetric measurements were then correlated to blood loss quantified using spectrophotometric analysis of hemoglobin (Hb) content. Hemostatic variables including BMBT were measured before surgery and compared with the calculated amount of blood loss. RESULTS: Blood loss quantified by gravimetric measurement showed a significant correlation with colorimetric determination of Hb content in surgical sponges and collected irrigation fluid (r=0.93, P<.0001). BMBT correlated weakly but significantly with intraoperative blood loss (r=0.56, P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Quantifying intraoperative blood loss using spectrophotometric Hb analysis accurately assessed the amount of blood loss; however, it is a time-consuming procedure, primarily applicable as a research tool. Gravimetric evaluation of intraoperative blood loss was found to be an accurate method, which can be recommended for use in a clinical setting. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Estimation of blood loss using a gravimetric method is accurate and applicable in the clinical setting and provides surgeons with a simple and objective tool to evaluate intraoperative blood loss.     

中国东北松嫩平原丹顶鹤繁殖种群调查(英文)

自2004年至2008年,在白鹤GEF项目的支持下,全国鸟类环志中心于每年5月在东北松嫩平原的4个国家级自然保护区,即黑龙江的扎龙国家级自然保护区、内蒙古的科尔沁国家级自然保护区、吉林的向海和莫莫格国家级自然保护区,开展了繁殖水鸟的地面调查。调查的目的在于了解各个保护区繁殖水鸟的分布和种群动态。丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)是本调查活动的重要目标物种。通过5年的调查,了解到松嫩平原的扎龙保护区是目前丹顶鹤最为重要的繁殖地,逾90%的繁殖丹顶鹤种群分布在扎龙保护区,但种群数量变动较大,变动幅度介于112–275只之间。良好的芦苇(Phragmites australis)生境是丹顶鹤的繁殖种群保持稳定和增长的首要条件。通过给湿地供水可以缓解丹顶鹤繁殖栖息地的快速退化,但科学合理的供水机制是保证丹顶鹤繁殖成功的前提。     

The Relationship Between Body Weight,Body Condition,and Survival in Cats with Heart Failure

Background: Obese people with heart failure have improved survival compared with their normal or underweight counterparts. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between body weight or body condition and survival in cats with heart failure. Hypothesis: Body weight and body condition score (BCS) are predictors of survival in cats with heart failure. Animals: One‐hundred and one cats with heart failure (International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council Classes II, IIIa, or IIIb) evaluated between March 2007 and June 2009. Methods: Data regarding initial body weight and BCS, subsequent changes in body weight, and treatment were collected from records and compared with survival times. Results: Median initial body weight was 5.1 kg (range, 2.2–9.5 kg). Median BCS was 5 (range, 3–9). Of the 68 cats that were discharged from the hospital, median body weight change was 0.0 kg (range, ?2.6 to +2.3 kg). Survival time for all 101 cats was 93 days (0–811 days). Survival could be predicted using a model combining initial body weight (P= .02), body weight squared (P= .02), and survival to discharge (P < .001) with a resulting global P value for this model of P < .0001. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Cats with the lowest and highest body weights had reduced survival times compared with those with body weights in the intermediate ranges, suggesting a U‐shaped relationship between body weight and survival. Additional research into the effects of body composition could help to determine optimal management of cats with heart failure.     

纳罗克非洲狗尾草种子生产技术研究概况

从施肥、刈割、植物生长调节剂、收获时间等方面论述了纳罗克非洲狗尾草种子生产的主要环节,提出了增加种子产量的关键措施。     

A preliminary study of dietary protein requirement of juvenile marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein level for juvenile marbled flounder. Five semi-purified test diets were formulated to contain different protein levels (CP) including 42.7%, 47.4%, 53.3%, 58.8%, and 64.5% (dry matter), named as CP42.7, CP47.4, CP53.3, CP58.8, and CP64.5, respectively. Five hundred and twenty-five juveniles (6.0 ± 0.1 g) were randomly distributed into 15 tanks (300 L tanks), resulting in 35 fish per tank (n = 3 tanks). Fish were fed the test diets 5 times per day until satiation. The CP58.8 resulted in the highest gain in weight and the best efficiency in feed utilization among the tested protein levels (P < 0.05). Fish fed the CP58.8 diet showed significantly higher whole-body protein and lipid contents than the fish that were fed the other diets (P < 0.05). Fish fed the CP53.3, CP58.8, and CP64.5 diets showed a significantly higher dorsal-muscle lipid content than the fish that were fed the CP42.7 and CP47.4 diets (P < 0.05). The one-slope straight broken-line regression analysis on the results of the thermal growth coefficient and feed conversion ratio indicated that the estimated optimum dietary protein level was 58.8%. Taken together, it is suggested that the dietary protein level of 58.8% is optimal for better growth and high efficiency in feed utilization for the juvenile marbled flounder.     

牧草抗旱性综合评价指标体系的AHP模型设计与应用的研究

在查阅大量牧草抗旱性鉴定指标研究资料的基础上,应用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ模型,ＡｎａｌｙｔｉｃＨｉｅｒ－ａｒｃｈｙＰｒｏｃｅｓｓ）理论,根据专家咨询系统的反馈信息,对所选择的６类抗旱性鉴定指标及其２１个指标变量,进行比较判断矩阵的构建和计算,定量确定了各指标变量在牧草抗旱性综合评价体系中的权重及重要程度次序。