3种核桃青皮提取物对玉米螟中肠酯酶活性的影响

通过核桃青皮馏分3、6与核桃青皮萃取物青甲水对玉米螟幼虫进行了室内毒力测定,以及中肠酯酶离体活性测定,结果表明核桃青皮馏分6对玉米螟5龄幼虫有较强地抑制作用,青甲水对中肠酯酶的抑制作用不显著。     

Adaptive immune response of Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cells during mycobacterial infections

To examine the role of T cell receptor (TCR) in gammadelta T cells in adaptive immunity, a macaque model was used to follow Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cell responses to mycobacterial infections. These phosphoantigen-specific gammadelta T cells displayed major expansion during Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection and a clear memory-type response after BCG reinfection. Primary and recall expansions of Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cells were also seen during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of naive and BCG-vaccinated macaques, respectively. This capacity to rapidly expand coincided with a clearance of BCG bacteremia and immunity to fatal tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated macaques. Thus, Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cells may contribute to adaptive immunity to mycobacterial infections.     

《华南热带农业大学学报》的信息密度及其经济分析

分析2002年《华南热带农业大学学报》的信息密度及其对年直接费用支出的影响。结果表明：其信息密度较小。每条科技信息传递的费用较高。提出编辑部应自行排版以更合理设计版面，加强编辑人员的培训以提高编辑技能。建议刊物信息密度控制在0.25篇／页。     

Long-range interactions within a nonnative protein

Protein folding and unfolding are coupled to a range of biological phenomena, from the regulation of cellular activity to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Defining the nature of the conformations sampled in nonnative proteins is crucial for understanding the origins of such phenomena. We have used a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and site-directed mutagenesis to study unfolded states of the protein lysozyme. Extensive clusters of hydrophobic structure exist within the wild-type protein even under strongly denaturing conditions. These clusters involve distinct regions of the sequence but are all disrupted by a single point mutation that replaced residue Trp62 with Gly located at the interface of the two major structural domains in the native state. Thus, nativelike structure in the denatured protein is stabilized by the involvement of Trp62 in nonnative and long-range interactions.     

热处理对轻度加工葡萄膜脂过氧化作用的影响

为探索热处理对轻度加工葡萄衰老软化及贮藏保鲜效果的影响，以红地球葡萄为试验材料,研究了50℃ 10 min、50℃ 15 min、 55℃ 5 min、55℃ 10 min热空气处理对其衰老过程中膜脂过氧化作用及贮藏效果的影响。结果表明，55℃ 5 min和10 min处理与对照相比，能抑制过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的下降，降低丙二醛(MDA)含量的积累和果肉组织的相对电导率，从而抑制轻度加工葡萄的衰老软化。而50℃ 10 min和15 min热处理对延缓轻度加工葡萄衰老软化无明显作用。     

有机生活垃圾半干发酵菌群的分布变化特征

为了研究有机生活垃圾厌氧发酵中菌群的分布变化特征,以有机生活垃圾为生物质资源,进行半干式厌氧发酵试验。采用最大或然数法(most probable number,MPN)分析发酵过程中厌氧菌群时间和空间上的数量变化。结果表明:厌氧菌中产酸菌先于氨化菌达到最大值并占据优势地位,产甲烷菌在启动阶段初期基本没有增殖,第25天左右达到最大值3.2×109个/m L,随后产甲烷菌在整个盛产期数量维持在这一数量级上。厌氧纤维素降解菌菌数呈现缓慢增长的趋势,直到投料的第45天才增加到106个/m L。空间上厌氧产酸菌和甲烷菌的数量均是在基质条件稳定的中部位置和流动性较好的底部位置较多;厌氧氨化菌数量较多的为中部边缘和中部中心位置;厌氧纤维素降解菌主要在底部增殖。初步构建了产酸菌与产甲烷菌时间和空间的动力学模型,模型拟合效果良好,可为厌氧发酵工艺提供参考。该文对有机垃圾制取生物燃气的工艺过程具有理论指导意义。     

Comparison of HPLC methods for determination of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in bilberry extracts

An HPLC method and an acid hydrolysis HPLC method for the analysis of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in bilberry extracts have been developed. The HPLC method coupled with a mass detector has identified 11 anthocyanins in bilberry extracts. The method provides anthocyanin profiles that are very useful in verifying the identity of botanical raw materials, monitoring the consistency of the raw material source, and quantitating the total anthocyanins. The acid hydrolysis HPLC method greatly simplifies the anthocyanin profile in bilberry samples and converts anthocyanins to five major anthocyanidin aglycones: delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin. Each of these aglycones can be separated completely and quantitated accurately with external standards. Various extraction and hydrolysis conditions were investigated, and the advantages and disadvantages of the HPLC and acid hydrolysis methods are discussed.     

Early pregnancy diagnoses based on physiological indexes of dairy cattle: a review

Tropical Animal Health and Production - With the development of standardization and scaling in the dairy farming industry, timely and accurate pregnancy diagnosis is required to improve the...     

片状农业物料完全组分利用滚筒干燥控制技术研究

针对实际干燥过程的非线性、变参数以及环境干扰等建模和控制问题,采用模糊控制理论建立了能够反映控制信号与温度偏差、变化关系的温度控制的系统模型,将模糊控制方法引入到片状农业物料滚筒干燥工艺过程中,提出并自行设计了完全组分利用滚筒干燥装置.为验证模璎和控制器设计的有效性,进行了滚筒干燥控制模璎的仿真研究,并与传统的PID控制方法进行比较.结果表明:模糊控制方法用于滚筒干燥过程是可行的,显示出智能控制方法的优势,改善了控制系统性能,更好地满足了滚筒干燥控制要求.     

Expression analysis of the type I keratin protein keratin 33A in goat coat hair

The coat of a goat, like that of many mammalian species, consists of an outer coat of coarse hairs and an under coat of fine, downy hairs. The coarse guard hairs are produced by primary follicles and the finer cashmere hairs by secondary follicles. We previously reported that hair keratins are components of cashmere hair, and proteomic analysis revealed that their expression is elevated in winter coat hair. To determine detailed characterization, we have cloned keratin 33A gene, a major highly expressed keratin in winter, and then analyzed the expression of goat hair coat. By Western analysis, we detected that keratin 33A protein is expressed only in hair coat among the various goat tissues. Moreover, the expression level in winter has increased in cashmere high‐producing Korean native breed, whereas the expression levels between summer and winter had not changed in cashmere low‐producing Saanen. In addition, by immunohistochemistry we determined that keratin 33A is localized in the major cortex portion of cashmere fiber. These results confirm that keratin 33A is a structural protein of goat cashmere hair fiber.