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排序方式: 共有378条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Tatsuro Suzuki Takahiro Noda Toshikazu Morishita Koji Ishiguro Shiori Otsuka Jotaro Aii Ayana Nakano Kenjiro Katsu Katsuhiro Matsui Ryoma Takeshima Noriaki Aoki Takashi Hara Takahiro Hara Rie Satoh 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(5):711-720
The concentration of amylose, which is synthesised using granule-bound starch synthase, affects the physical properties of food. However, no studies have focused on starch properties and physical characteristics of low-amylose buckwheat. Here, we hypothesised that low-amylose buckwheat would be useful to produce new buckwheat products because low-amylose characteristics change the texture of buckwheat food. In this study, we bred relatively low-amylose buckwheat compared to wild type and investigated the causative genes of the traits, starch properties and physical properties of noodles. In the GBSSa mutant, the amylose concentration was lower than that in the wild type. Compared with the wild type, the mutant exhibited the following traits: Amylose concentration decreased by approximately 2%, setback in the Rapid Visco Analyzer decreased by 30 points and the physical characteristics of noodles in the sensory analysis were soft and sticky. These results suggest that this trait may be useful for changing the texture of foods. In addition, the mutant is promising for producing new foods with physical characteristics that are different from those of the wild type. 相似文献
62.
63.
The use of adhesive joints is gradually increasing, especially those with glued-in steel rods (GIRs). There are, however,
some problems with the design methods when used for moment-transmitting applications. In this article, design methods for
GIRs and cross-lapped glued joints (CLJs) are proposed. For CLJs, we made a hypothesis that both rotational deformation of
CLJ and stress of the glue line occurred with bending and shearing deformation of the timber. Using this hypothesis and Kelvin’s
theorem, a mechanical model of CLJ is proposed. For GIRs, the axial stress component of the rod and the lateral stress component
of the rod were taken into account using the theory of a beam on an elastic foundation. From the comparisons between calculations
and experimental results, it was recognized that the stiffness and strength of CLJs and GIRs could be predicted precisely
using our proposed models. 相似文献
64.
Compressed wooden plates and dowels were used to connect members in post-and-beam structures as a substitute for a steel fastener.
In order to take advantage of the characteristic properties of compressed wood and to achieve optimum joint performance, two
compressed wooden plates were used in each joint to give multiple shear planes for each compressed wooden dowel. Consequently,
this type of joint showed very good properties in pull-out and momen-trotation performance, and its engineering design could
be further optimized. This joint is expected to be introduced to many kinds of structural systems, including long-span frame
structures made of domestic timber found in Japanese residential houses. 相似文献
65.
Water adsorption capacities were evaluated for moso bamboo samples that were heated at 200°C for various times and conditioned
in a closed container at 97% relative humidity at 20°C. Logistic regression analysis was used for curve fitting to the adsorption
data and its parameters were analyzed. These parameters were compared with those derived previously from the Dubinin and Radushkevich
theory. The properties of the heat-treated samples changed after 5 h of heating. With less than 5 h of heating, hydroxyl groups
provided the main adsorption sites but their numbers decreased on heating. After 5 h, gasifi cation of the bamboo increased
and capillaries formed.
Part of this article was presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, August 2007 相似文献
66.
Kohei Osaki Shozo Fujiyama Akiko Nakayama Yoshiaki Shimizu Shin-ichi Ito Shuhei Tanaka 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(4):281-288
The relation between diversity of pathogenicity on clubroot-resistant (CR) cultivars of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) bred in Japan and DNA polymorphisms in 17 populations of Plasmodiophora brassicae from cruciferous plants was examined by inoculation tests and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using 18 arbitrary
primers. Four pathotypes (A–D) were identified after inoculation of six CR cultivars of Chinese cabbage in the 17 populations
from cruciferous crops. A relatively high level of genetic diversity was also detected among these populations in the RAPD
analysis. Although the four pathotypes could not be clearly differentiated using the RAPD data, most populations of three
pathotypes had a consistent location on the dendrogram. All pathotype B (virulent on five cultivars except Utage 70) and D
(avirulent on all cultivars) populations, which were common in incompatible interactions with cv. Utage 70, were located in
a single subcluster. All five pathotype C populations (virulent only on cv. Utage 70) except for one population grouped in
another single subcluster. Because four pathotype A populations (virulent on all six cultivars, races 4 and 9) fell in different
subclusters, the populations may be genetically polyphyletic. Populations from cruciferous weed Cardamine flexuosa differed remarkably from those from cruciferous crops in pathogenicity on common cultivars of Chinese cabbage and turnip
and C. flexuosa, but they grouped in a single cluster with all race 9 populations from crops. Race 9 populations from crops may thus be closely
related to populations from the weed rather than to races 1 and 4 from crops. 相似文献
67.
Naonori Hamato Osamu Kotake Nagaaki Ono Hiroshi Kurashima Masaru Nakano Yuzuri Iwamoto Yoshihiko Takahashi 《Breeding Science》2014,64(4):427-434
‘Niigata S3’ is a new strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivar that is early flowering and possesses high soluble solid content and good coloration. It was selected from a cross between Kei812 (seed parent) and ‘Asuka-Ruby’ (pollen parent). The first harvest date of ‘Niigata S3’ was December 27, 34 days earlier than ‘Echigohime’ and 9 days earlier than ‘Asuka-Ruby’ (means of 2007 and 2008). The marketable yield of ‘Niigata S3’ was 85% of ‘Echigohime’, 107% of ‘Asuka-Ruby’, while the early yield was 145% of ‘Echigohime’, 85% of ‘Asuka-Ruby’ (based on 2007 and 2008 means). The shape of the fruit is long conical, and its skin color medium-red. The fruit skin hardness of ‘Niigata S3’ was 31.5 g/mm2, which was harder than ‘Echigohime’, and its average soluble solid content was 11.4%, which was higher than the values for ‘Echigohime’ and ‘Asuka-Ruby’ (2008). Furthermore, ‘Niigata S3’ did not bear apical overripe fruit. This new cultivar is adaptable to the climatic conditions of Niigata, as well as other regions that experience low winter temperatures and insolation. 相似文献
68.
Makita K Fèvre EM Waiswa C Kaboyo W Eisler MC Welburn SC 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(8):991-1000
Urban and peri-urban livestock farming in developing countries plays an important role in food security in cities; however it brings with it zoonotic risks. The present study was conducted to identify the most important livestock farming-related zoonotic diseases among the human population in urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala, Uganda and to assess the risks from such farming. A framework for identifying livestock farming-related significant zoonoses was developed. The process consisted of screening of medical record summaries for zoonotic diagnoses, selection of the zoonoses which are related to livestock farming, case estimation of the identified zoonoses and evidence-based reassurance of the importance of diseases. Medical records in the Mulago National Referral Hospital were used for the analysis. Leaders and residents of 75 Local Councils (LC1s: villages; 48 urban, 11 peri-urban and 16 rural) randomly selected in Kampala were interviewed for information regarding livestock farming systems, value chains and use of medical service units. Twelve zoonoses were identified in the screening and four out of them were related to livestock farming: animal sourced food-borne gastroenteritis, brucellosis, Taenia solium neuro-cysticercosis and Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis. Livestock farming, value chain and severity of the diseases confirmed that all four diseases were important. Poor geographical correlation between animals in peri-urban and rural areas and patients in urban areas suggested that the majority of these zoonoses were caused by informally-marketed foods. 相似文献
69.
Cloned porcine embryos can maintain developmental ability after cryopreservation at the morula stage
Nakano K Matsunari H Nakayama N Ogawa B Kurome M Takahashi M Matsumoto M Murakami H Kaji Y Nagashima H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(2):312-316
The aim of the present study was to clarify the overall efficiency of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) by incorporating cryopreservation of the cloned embryos before transfer. The SCNT embryos reconstructed with preadipocytes and in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes were cultured to harvest morula stage embryos; they were then subjected to delipation (removal of cytoplasmic lipid droplets) and vitrification. After warming and culture, the embryos developing to blastocysts were transferred to recipients to obtain cloned piglets. From 372 reconstructed embryos, 188 (50.5%) reached the morula stage and 117 (31.5%) developed to blastocysts after vitrification. Transfer of 98 (26.3%) morphologically normal blastocysts gave rise to 6 (1.6%) piglets, including 1 stillborn. The efficiency of the cloned piglet production was comparable with that obtained using SCNT embryos without cryopreservation (2.7%, 17/635). Here, we demonstrate that porcine somatic cell cloning can be performed without a significant reduction in efficiency even when the SCNT embryos are cryopreserved before transfer. 相似文献
70.