禽类蛋壳基质特异性蛋白——ovocleidin-17的研究进展

ovocleidin-17(OC-17)是第1个被分离和鉴定出的禽类蛋壳基质所特有的蛋白质,在禽类蛋壳基质方解石晶体的形成过程中发挥重要作用,还可能与蛋壳的抗菌作用有关。本文综述了OC-17的分子结构、同源蛋白质及其生理功能,并对OC-17未来的研究方向和应用前景进行了讨论。     

不同小黑麦品种的种子产量及产量构成因素比较

以32份小黑麦品种为试验材料,研究了各品种的产量构成因素（穗长、小穗数,穗粒数、穗粒质量）以及他们之间的相关性。结果表明,小黑麦品种OH2276株高最高,为136．77cm,但其种子产量低;安新麦83—25的综合性状最优,穗粒数最多,为J09。19;北联4号,89D-8和DH796综合性状也较好,具有良好的应用前景;HB200上的综合性状最差,HB200下和OB74的综合性状较差。     

Efficacy of a piglet-specific commercial inactivated vaccine against Porcine circovirus type 2 in clinical field trials

The efficacy of a piglet-specific inactivated Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine was evaluated with clinical field trials, as recommended by the Republic of Korea’s Animal, Plant & Fisheries Quarantine & Inspection Agency. Three farms were selected on the basis of their history of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. On each farm 60, 1-week-old pigs were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups: vaccination at 1 and 3 wk of age or no vaccination. The 2-dose schedule of vaccination with inactivated PCV2 vaccine improved the average daily weight gain from birth to 16 wk of age, the PCV2 load in the blood, and the frequency and severity of lymph node lesions. Inactivated PCV2 vaccine seems to be very effective in controlling PCV2 infection under field conditions.     

Effects of administration of IH901, a ginsenoside intestinal metabolite,on muscular and pulmonary antioxidant functions after eccentric exercise

This study was conducted to investigate whether administration of IH901, a ginseng intestinal metabolite, ameliorates exercise-induced oxidative stress while preserving antioxidant defense capability in rat skeletal muscles and lung. Eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats per group were randomly assigned to the resting control, exercise control, resting with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (R/IH901), or exercise with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (E/IH901) group. The trained groups ran 35 min 2 days/week for 8 weeks. To analyze the IH901-training interaction, serum biochemical analysis, lipid peroxidation, citrate synthase, protein oxidation, antioxidant and superoxide dismutase in skeletal muscles and lung tissue were measured. Compared to the exercise control group, animals that consumed IH901 had significantly increased exercise endurance times (p < 0.05) and decreased plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.05), while those in the E/IH901 groups had increased citrate synthase and anti-oxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, IH901 consumption in aging rats after eccentric exercise has beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities through down-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation and up-regulation of anti-oxidant enzymes.     

广西山羊蓝舌病血清学调查及流行区域分布的影响因素分析

为了解广西地区山羊蓝舌病(BT)流行现状,本研究采用免疫扩散试验对采自广西11个地区的3 646份山羊血清进行BT血清学调查,结果表明,广西地区山羊群普遍存在BT感染,并且血清阳性率存在地域性差异,阳性率为6.3%～45.1%,平均阳性率为20.5%。对不同生长阶段山羊的血清阳性率进行统计,结果显示成年羊的阳性率高于羔羊,分别为22.1%和17.4%,这可能与成年羊接触媒介昆虫的机会较多有关。对BT流行区域分布与地理位置和气候等自然因素之间的相关性分析表明,广西山羊BT血清阳性率与地理位置有一定相关性,与年平均气温显著相关,与年平均降雨量无显著相关性,由此可见,地理位置和气温是BT流行病学的影响因素。     

测定饲料粗蛋白改进方法的研究

文章对饲料粗蛋白的检测方法进行了改进,加入双氧水作为消解催化剂,并且针对不同粗蛋白含量的样品同时做了国标方法和改进方法的对比试验。结果得出,加入2 ml 30%的H2O2及半量混合催化剂消解的检测方法能够大大的提高效率,减少投入成本,节约资源,检测结果亦准确可信。     

Protective influence of rosiglitazone against time‐dependent deterioration of boar spermatozoa preserved at 17°C

Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells, and energy metabolism plays an important role in modulating sperm viability and function. Rosiglitazone is an antidiabetic drug in the thiazolidinedione class that regulates metabolic flexibility and glucose uptake in various cell types, but its effects on boar sperm metabolism are unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of rosiglitazone against time‐dependent deterioration of boar spermatozoa during liquid preservation at 17°C. Freshly ejaculated semen was diluted with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) containing different concentrations of rosiglitazone, and the motility, membrane and acrosome integrity of sperm were detected. Besides, we measured glucose uptake capacity, l ‐lactate production level, mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production of sperm after boar semen had been incubated with or without rosiglitazone, iodoacetate (glycolysis inhibitor) and rotenone (electron transport chain inhibitor) for 5 days. The addition of rosiglitazone significantly enhanced sperm quality and had a strong protective effect on the sperm membrane and acrosome integrity during storage. BTS containing 50 μM rosiglitazone maintained the total motility of liquid‐preserved sperm above 60% for 7 days. Rosiglitazone improved sperm quality by regulating energy metabolism manner of preserved sperm, protected the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced sperm ATP production and in the meanwhile reduced mROS through enhancing glycolysis but not oxidative phosphorylation. The data suggested the practical feasibility of using rosiglitazone for improving boar spermatozoa quality during semen preservation.     

一种基于重组截短Gc_(aa407～614)蛋白的赤羽病病毒抗体间接ELISA方法的建立

为建立一种检测赤羽病病毒(Akabane virus,AKAV)抗体的ELISA方法,对Gc蛋白从407位至614位氨基酸的编码序列,经密码子优化后进行基因合成,然后克隆至重组表达载体PET-32a(+),转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,用1 mmol/L IPTG在37℃进行诱导表达。用Ni~(+2)-NTA树脂亲和层析方法纯化重组蛋白(trGc_(aa407~614)),以Western blotting检测其抗原性;用纯化trGc_(aa407~614)建立间接ELISA方法(trGc_(aa407~614)-ELISA),并评价该方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性。结果显示:重组蛋白trGc_(aa407~614)以包涵体形式在大肠杆菌中高效表达,经Ni~(+2)-NTA树脂亲和层析纯化后的浓度2.4 mg/mL,纯度为94%,对山羊抗AKAV阳性血清呈现较好的抗原反应性;所建立的trGc_(aa407~614)-ELISA方法的最佳抗原包被浓度为4.0μg/mL,血清稀释度为1:80,血清阴阳性的OD450临界值为0.318;该方法对AKAV阳性血清呈特异性反应,组内试验和组间试验的变异系数均小于10%。用该方法对273份进口牛血清进行AKAV抗体检测,发现10份血清为阳性。总之,本研究建立的trGc_(aa407~614)-ELISA方法为血清样品中赤羽病病毒抗体的检测提供了有效手段。     

卵黄免疫球蛋白的应用进展

卵黄免疫球蛋白是一种来源丰富的多克隆抗体。由于卵黄抗体不能激活哺乳动物的补体系统,不与哺乳动物的Fc受体、类风湿因子、葡萄球菌蛋白A和葡萄球菌蛋白G结合,因而作为诊断试剂具有较高的敏感性。卵黄抗体具有良好的免疫活性,作为防治药物具有见效快,疗效高,无毒副作用,无残留等优点,目前卵黄抗体已得到了广泛应用。本文综述了卵黄抗体在动物病毒性疾病、细菌性疾病和寄生虫病诊断、预防和治疗等方面的应用及前景。     

长沙市非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测实验室现状调查

为全面了解非洲猪瘟检测实验室能力水平,长沙市动植物疫病预防控制中心通过问卷调查、能力比对和实地调研的方式,2019—2021年连续对基层非洲猪瘟检测实验室组织开展摸底调查。结果显示：长沙市具备非洲猪瘟检测能力的实验室共30家。其中：动物疫控机构实验室6家,承担主要监测任务;企业及第三方实验室24家,提供屠宰、监测、调运等方面检测数据,起到辅助作用。但县级以下基层实验室存在区域规划不合理、人员配置不足、生物安全管理体系不完善等问题。综上,实验室检测工作在非洲猪瘟防控上起到关键作用,但基层检测能力与生物安全管理水平仍有较大提升空间。