大米糖浆替代乳糖对早期断奶仔猪生长性能及胰岛素样生长因子轴的影响

本文旨在研究大米糖浆取代乳糖后对早期断奶仔猪生产性能及胰岛素样生长因子轴的影响.选用7 d断奶的二元杂交仔猪(长白×大白)32头,随机分为2个处理组,每组设16个重复,每个重复1只.日粮成分除乳糖水平外(乳糖组和大米糖浆组分别为43.5%和0),其他成分均一致.试验期14 d,在试验第7天、第14天和第21天对试验猪进行空腹8 h称重,计算试验期日增重及日耗料,并分别于试验第7天和第14天每组随机抽取5头,颈静脉采血,屠宰速取肝脏和背最长肌组织.结果表明,大米糖浆取代乳糖后对仔猪的日增重及肉料比均没有显著影响(P>0.05),14 d大米糖浆组血清GH水平与乳糖组差异不显著(P>0.05),21 d大米糖浆组血清GH水平极显著低于乳糖组(P<0.01);但大米糖浆组14 d和21 d血清IGF-Ⅰ的水平,及肝脏和背最长肌IGF-Ⅰ mRNA相对表达量与乳糖组差异均不显著(P>0.05).综合分析认为,大米糖浆替代乳糖后对早期断奶仔猪的生长性能和胰岛素样生长因子轴没有影响.     

婴儿奶粉中乳铁蛋白的检测方法的研究

应用酶联免疫法测定婴儿配方奶粉中乳铁蛋白的含量。检测的线性范围为7．8—500ng／mL。     

Change of intestinal flora and its relationship with IL-23/IL-17 axis in patients with ulcerative colitis

AIM:To investigate the change of intestinal flora distribution and its relationship with interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 axis in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. METHODS:The fresh fecal samples from 20 patients with active UC and 20 healthy controls were collected. The distribution of the flora was analyzed by direct smear and traditional bacterial culture. The changes of bacteria were detected by real-time PCR. The hemoglobin, albumin, erythrocyte sedimentation, and C-reactive protein levels were tested routinely. Both normal and damaged mucosal tissues of UC patients were examined and obtained by colonoscopy, and further assessed by Mayo scoring, Baron grading and HE staining. The expression of IL-17 and IL-23 was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS:(1) The degree of flora imbalance in active UC patients was higher than that in the healthy controls (P<0.05). (2) The results of aerobic culture showed that the number of Escherichia coli in the UC patients was significantly lower than that in the normal controls (P<0.01), while Enterococcus was increased obviously (P<0.01). The results of anaerobic culture revealed that the numbers of Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacilli in the UC patients were significantly decreased (P<0.01). (3) Quantitative analysis of target bacteria showed that the relative quantification of Escherichia coli, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacilli in the UC patients was significantly lower than that in the normal subjects, and the number of Enterococcus was significantly increased (P<0.01). (4) Compared with control group, no significant change of hemoglobin in the UC patients was ovserved, albumin was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but erythrocyte sedimentation and C-reactive protein levels were elevated obviously (P<0.01). (5) The Mayo score, Baron grade, and histopathological score were all increased (P<0.01). (6) High IL-17 and IL-23 expression levels were detected in the UC patients (P<0.01). (7) Correlation analysis showed that the average absorbance values of IL-17 and IL-23 expression were positively correlated with Baron grade (r=0.717, P=0.02; r=0.849, P=0.016) and pathological score (r=0.660, P=0.03; r=0.675, P=0.032). Meanwhile, the average absorbance value of IL-23 expression was negatively correlated with the number of Escherichia coli (r=-0.699, P=0.025), and positively correlated with Enterococcus (r=0.872, P=0.010). Furthermore, the average absorbance value of IL-17 expression was positively correlated with Enterococcus (r=0.764, P=0.046), and both of them were not correlated with other bacteria. CONCLUSION:Obvious flora imbalance exists in active UC patients, changed intestinal microflora is closely related with the degree of inflammation. IL-23/IL-17 axis, as a key factor in the development of UC, may be related to the changes of intestinal microflora. The interaction between intestinal microflora and IL-23/IL-17 axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC.     

牛布鲁氏菌四种血清学检测方法的比较

[目的 ]为在布鲁氏菌病临床检疫中选择可靠的血清学检测方法提供参考。[方法 ]对采集的294份牛血清样品用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和补体结合试验(CFT)进行布鲁氏菌病抗体检测,比较RBT与ELISA,SAT与CFT的符合率及Kappa值,以CFT作为判定标准,比较四种检测方法的敏感性和特异性。[结果 ]RBT与ELISA、SAT与CFT检测方法的符合率高达到95%以上,且Kappa值均大于0.75。以CFT作为判定标准,RBT和ELISA的敏感性较好,但有假阳性;SAT的特异性较好,但有假阴性。综合比较认为ELISA的敏感性和特异性都比较理想。[结论 ]临床工作中使用RBT或ELISA对布鲁氏菌病进行初筛,用CFT进行复核确诊,通过两种或两种以上的血清学检测方法联合诊断,结果较为理想。     

基于农户视角的北京市果类蔬菜生产分析

基于北京市果类蔬菜种植户的实地调研数据,运用描述性统计分析方法,对北京市果类蔬菜生产经营的基本特征进行了分析,在此基础上探究了种植规模、种植技术、流通情况、市场基础建设、农民专业合作社和蔬菜生产支持政策对果类蔬菜生产经营所产生的影响。进一步地,将两个不同年度的果类蔬菜生产情况进行对比,从动态视角研究了近四年北京市果类蔬菜生产的发展变化。主要研究结论为:(1)北京市果类蔬菜生产经营主体主要为小规模农户;(2)蔬菜种植户的老龄化趋势明显;(3)农户对于种菜新技术的需求不断增长;(4)土地规模、种菜技术、市场基础建设和政府政策均对蔬菜生产有着显著正向影响;(5)政府对果类蔬菜产业的支持力度持续增大。     

乙草胺和嗪草酮水基性制剂的研制及其应用

改变传统的将乙嗪合剂加工成乳油或可湿性粉剂的惯例,研制出一种新型的水基性除草剂—２８％乙嗪悬乳剂。温室盆栽试验表明,乙草胺与嗪草酮混用对防除某些杂草有互补作用。采用孙云沛法测定表明,两者混用对牛筋草和苘麻有增效作用,对马唐和反枝苋有相加作用。对杂草马唐、藜和反枝苋使用后测定,２８％乙嗪悬乳剂对玉米、大豆、花生的选择性指数分别为２．５７,２．２８和２．１４,２．１７。经１９９６～１９９８年田间试验表     

河南省夏大豆再高产主要农艺性状量化的探讨

利用河南省已定和区试通过的２６个夏大豆品种,对主要农艺性状与产量的关系进行二次逐步回归筛选,确定了主要性状最高理论产量指标并模拟出高产指标,此两项指标可比当前高产对照豫豆８号增产７１．８％和３０．０％。     

黄土高原土地资源及合理利用原则的探讨

依据多年来,特别是近几年来（国家“六五”、“七五”期间）的研究积累,从黄河中游水系整治的完整性和区域经济开发的完整性出发,系统论述了本地区发展旱农的地理景观与人文历史经济背景;提出了农业土地资源分类系统及不同类型分片的土地类型构成数据;提出了若干土地合理利用的共性原则:生态效益与经济效益相统一原则;综合配置上的镶嵌性原则;增强第一性生产者原则;土地利用优化设计上的总体大于部分之和原则以及旱农用地的保护与培肥原则。     

江苏蕨类植物资源及其利用价值

对江苏省蕨类植物资源及分布、用途、利用价值进行了简要叙述,为进一步研究、挖掘和合理开发利用蕨类植物资源提供资料。