Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised aglandular areas called caruncular (C), and intensely glandular intercaruncular areas (IC). In order to better understand the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (P < 0.05), functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on. Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.     

高温应激诱导奶牛乳腺细胞生长周期阻滞

实验通过台盼蓝染色、MTT、细胞流式等方法研究高温(40℃/41℃)对乳腺细胞活性、细胞周期及凋亡的影响。结果表明,高温可以抑制乳腺细胞的增殖,使细胞产生S、G2期阻滞,诱导乳腺细胞凋亡,并随高温强度的增加而作用增强。试验提示高温可诱导乳腺细胞周期阻滞,抑制细胞增殖。     

葡萄糖氧化酶产生菌的快速筛选及其产酶条件的研究

通过平板快速筛选方法从土壤样品中分离得到一株产葡萄糖氧化酶菌株,此菌株属于产胞内酶的黑曲霉。采用文献报道的相关工艺测得其初始酶活为0.86μmol/min。经过培养基配方的优化试验及摇床发酵工艺的调整,其摇床发酵的产酶率有了较大的提高,发酵液过滤液酶活达到9.91μmol/min。     

Effect of different hand-milking techniques on milk production and teat treatment in Zebu dairy cattle

The aim of the study was to test three different hand-milking techniques (“pull down”, “thumb in”, and “full hand grip”) and their effects on milk production and teat treatment. This is important since milk production in many tropical areas still rely on hand-milking. The study was carried out at a peri-urban farm in the Bobo-Dioulasso area in Burkina Faso. Twelve indigenous Zebu cows in early lactation were used in the study. The sequences of the treatments (hand-milking techniques) and the milkers were balanced for carry-over effects between successive periods and days, respectively. The sequences were constructed by using special Latin squares. Yield and composition of saleable milk was not affected by milking technique but there were differences between the milkers in milk yield. There was also a significant interaction for saleable milk yield between milker and milking technique. Hemoglobin in milk was measured as an indicator of teat damage. The hemoglobin content was numerically higher in post-milking strip milk samples than in saleable milk. It was concluded that the amount of milk removed depends mainly on the milker and how well the milking technique works for the individual milker. No effect of milking technique was observed on teat treatment.     

美国黑豚养殖技术

美国黑豚属野生皮毛兽种类,是食草哺乳动物,形态小而肥胖,通身黑色与兔十分相似,成龄黑豚体重一般在800g左右,最重可达到1500-2000g,前肢短小,不善跳跃,行动敏捷。皮毛丰厚细密、黑亮光涌,是加工高档裘皮服装和工艺饰品的加工原料,豚肉是味道鲜美的上等佳品,其血液是提取歧氧化酶的最理想原料。具有很高的经济值和利用价值。     

Disease incidence in ranch and pastoral livestock herds around Lake Mburo National Park,in South Western Uganda

A longitudinal study was done to monitor incidence of livestock diseases in ranch and pastoral herds around Lake Mburo National Park, in South-western Uganda with a high level of wildlife (impala and zebra) and livestock (cattle and goats) interactions. East Coast Fever (ECF), abortions, helminthosis and starvation due to drought were major livestock disease problems encountered. ECF was a major disease affecting mainly calves, causing mortality both in ranch (8.5%) and pastoral (8.2%) herds. Meanwhile, drought was a more serious in pastoral than ranch herds (p < 0.05), killing 28.5 % and 5.8% of adult female cattle in respective production systems. Other endemic diseases found and controlled by vaccination were FMD, CBPP and blackquarter. In both cattle and goats helminthosis was causing mortalities, 3.3% and 0.8% among calves in pastoral and ranches respectively; and 4.8% and 6.9% among kids and sub-adult goats respectively. Many cases of abortions occurred among pastoral herds. In conclusion, the disease incidence among livestock was the same or relatively low as compared to other areas without wildlife.     

Environmentally sustainable production of food,feed and fuel from natural resources in the tropics

Responding to the challenges posed by global warming, peak oil and biofuels will require a paradigm shift in the practice of agriculture and in the role of live stock within the farming system. Farming systems should aim at maximizing plant biomass production from locally available diversified resources, processing of the biomass on farm to provide food, feed and energy and recycling of all waste materials. The approach that is the subject of this paper is that the generation of electricity can be a by-product of food/feed production. The concept is the fractionation of biomass into inedible cell wall material that can be converted to an inflammable gas by gasification, the gas in turn being the source of fuel for internal combustion engines driving electrical generators. The cell contents and related structures such as tree leaves are used as human food or animal feed. As well as providing food and feed the model is highly appropriate for decentralized small scale production of electricity in rural areas. It also offers opportunities for sequestration of carbon in the form of biochar the solid residue remaining after gasification of the biomass.     

定性检测饲料中三聚氰胺便捷方法的探讨

本实验在蛋白质饲料样品中按照梯度添加三聚氰胺,然后用热蒸馏水和三氯乙酸溶液处理,将上清液离心后滴入三聚氰酸饱和溶液,三聚氰胺与三聚氰酸在水中结合成异氰尿酸蜜胺盐,异氰尿酸蜜胺盐不溶于水,是白色沉淀物,形成乳浊液。根据反应的现象可以定性地判断饲料样中是否含有三聚氰胺。结果表明:当鱼粉和豆粕中三聚氰胺含量分别高于60mg/kg和70mg/kg时,可用此方法快捷、简便的判断样品中含三氯氰胺。     

浅谈动物尸体处理现状与危害及对策

随意抛弃动物尸体,具有潜在的疾病传播危险,一旦将携带人畜共患病病原体的动物尸体抛弃在垃圾桶、河道甚至居民区,将会严重危害人类的健康,即便是正常死亡的动物尸体,也会对环境造成污染。现就动物尸体处理现状、危害及对策浅谈如下,以供同行商榷。