寒冷刺激鸡膝关节软骨显微结构变化观察

以冰浴鸡为试材,研究在寒冷刺激条件下对其膝关节软骨显微结构变化的影响。将20只健康蛋鸡随机分为对照组与试验组,对照组正常饲喂,试验组在正常饲喂的情况下每天对其膝关节进行2 h冰浴,持续30 d。取其膝关节软骨进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明:试验组关节软骨结构与对照组具有明显的差异。对照组软骨基质中胶原纤维排列呈拱形结构和薄壳结构,软骨细胞则顺胶原纤维方向排列于其间,结构致密;试验组软骨出现明显的退行性改变,软骨表面波浪状结构低平,拱形结构消失,软骨表面断裂,有胶原纤维及软骨细胞裸露,结构变得明显疏松。     

Mutations in FgPrp6 suppressive to the Fgprp4 mutant in Fusarium graminearum

The pre-mRNA processing factor Prp6 is an essential component of the U4/U6.U5 tri-small nuclear ribonucleoprotein(snRNP).In a previous study,mutations were identified in the PRP6 ortholog in four suppressors of Fgprp4 that was deleted of the only kinase FgPrp4 among the spliceosome components in the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum.In this study,we identified additional suppressor mutations in FgPrp6 and determined the suppressive effects of selected mutations.In total,12 mutations o...     

Genome-wide association and linkage mapping strategies reveal genetic loci and candidate genes of phosphorus utilization in soybean

Insufficient available phosphorus in soil has become an important limiting factor for the improvement of yield and quality in soybean. The mining of QTLs and candidate genes controlling soybean phosphorus utilization related traits is a necessary strategy to solve this problem. In this study, 11 phosphorus utilization related traits of a natural population of 281 typical soybean germplasms and a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population of 270 lines were evaluated under different phosphorus condit...     

国内魔芋栽培模式研究进展

通过简述魔芋生长环境需求特性,总结魔芋庭院栽培、净作栽培、大田间套作栽培、林下栽培、轮作栽培及保护地栽培等栽培模式研究进展,分析各种栽培模式的优缺点。提出了今后应从广泛开展魔芋种质资源收集、鉴定、评价与利用,构建魔芋间套作、轮作栽培新模式,提高魔芋种植全程机械化、自动化水平,扩大魔芋种植范围,创建有机栽培模式等方面改进和丰富魔芋栽培模式。     

Characteristics of lodging resistance of high-yield winter wheat as affected by nitrogen rate and irrigation managements

High yields of wheat are mainly obtained through a high level of nitrogen and irrigation supplementation.However,excessive nitrogen and irrigation supplication increase the risk of lodging.The main objectives of this work were to clarify the capacity of lodging resistance of wheat in response to nitrogen and irrigation,as well as to explore the effective ways of improving lodging resistance in a high-yield wheat cultivar.In this study,field experiments were conducted in the 2015–2016 and 2016–20...     

Fractalkine and CX3CR1 have intimate relationships with chemotaxis and adhesion of leukocyte

Fractalkine has been recognized as the first member of the fourth chemokine family recently and its receptor, CX3CR1, was ident ified afterwards. This pair of ligand/receptor play important roles in the migration and adhesion of peripheral leukocyte through different ways. They are also likely to be related to the embryogenesis and regeneration of several organs and may possess some functions in the central nervous system.     

Protective mechanism of metallothionein on cultivated rat cardiomyocytes in hypoxic preconditioning

AIM: Studying the mechanism of protective role of metallothionein(MT) in hypoxic preconditioning(HPC) of cultivated rat cardiomyocytes. METHODS:Using the model of hypoxia/reoxygenation of cultivated rat cardiomyocytes. Determining the contents of MT, malonyldialdehyde (MDA)-metabolism product of lipid peroxidation and the activities of Na⁺-K⁺ATPase, Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺ATPase of cardiomyocytes 24h after HPC, also determining the relevant changes after using MT antibody. RESULTS: After 24 h in HPC, the contents of MT and activities of Na⁺-K⁺ATPase, Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺ATPase were obviously higher than those in the control and hypoxia/reoxygenation(P＜0.05), and the contents of MDA were decreased remarkedly (P＜0.01). Then after using MT antibody, the activities of two enzyme were progressively decreased and the contents of MDA were significantly higher than those in the control and MT antibody-free groups(P＜0.01). CONCLUSION: HPC may induce excessive synthesis of MT, and MT can protect myocardial reoxygenation injury by eliminating lipid peroxidation and rising the activities of Na⁺-K⁺ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺ATPase.     

Effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response on kidney injury in mice with hyperthyroidism

AIM To explore the effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response on kidney injury induced by hyperthyroidism in mice. METHODS Forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group （n=20） and L-thyroxine （T4） group （n=20）. The mice in T4 group were intraperitoneally injected with T4 diluent at a dose of 1 mg/kg to induce hyperthyroidism, and those in control group were injected with normal saline of the same volume. After 7 weeks, the mice were weighed and dissected, the kidneys were removed and weighed, and the length of tibia was also measured. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the kidney tissues were detected. The pathological changes of the kidney tissues were observed by HE staining. The levels of 4-hydroxynonenal （4-HNE）-modified proteins, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 （IRAK1） and tumor necrosis factor receptor-related factor 6 （TRAF6） were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with control group, the body weight of the mice was decreased, while the kidney size and weight were increased significantly in T4 group. In addition, the ratios of kidney weight/body weight and kidney weight/tibia length were also increased （P<0.05）. In T4 group, the renal tubules were enlarged, and the epithelial cells of renal tubules were swollen and exfoliated, with vacuolar degeneration. Furthermore, reduced SOD activity, and increased MDA content and 4-HNE-modified proteins were found in T4 group, all of which were related to oxidative stress （P<0.05）. The levels of inflammation-related proteins IRAK1 and TRAF6 were significantly increased in T4 group （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Excessive T4 may lead to kidney hypertrophy and injury in mice, and the mechanism may be related to oxidative stress and inflammatory response.     

几种海藻中溴过氧化物酶的筛选及酶学性质

溴过氧化物酶(BrPOD)是具有特殊功能的过氧化物酶,海藻是其主要来源。对几种中国海域的红藻如角叉菜(Chondrus ocellatus)、龙须菜(Gracilaria sjoestedtii)、珊瑚藻(Corallina officinalis)进行了溴过氧化物酶的藻种筛选,并对酶活较高的珊瑚藻进行溴过氧化物酶分离纯化及性质的研究。通过硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-cellulose 52离子交换层析、Sephadex G-100凝胶层析等方法,从珊瑚藻中分离得到溴过氧化物酶。对该酶性质研究表明,该酶分子量较大,表观分子量为64 kD;溴化单氯甲酮的最适pH值为6.0;pH在5.0-9.0时酶活性稳定;在30-70℃温度范围内酶活性稳定;Ca2 、Co2 、Cu2 、Mn2 、NaF和EDTA等化合物使溴过氧化物酶活性下降,钒酸盐能提高酶活性。反应动力学实验表明,该酶对Br-、H2O2的Km分别为7.40 mmol/L和96.09μmol/L。     

中华稻蝗黄酮的提取及抗氧化活性研究

目的:测定了中华稻蝗体内总黄酮的含量并研究了黄酮粗提物的抗氧化作用,为进一步开发利用动物黄酮资源提供科学依据。方法:正交设计优选中华稻蝗体内总黄酮的提取条件;用SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、MDA试剂盒测定了抗氧化指标。结果:中华稻蝗黄酮最佳提取条件是:90%甲醇、65℃、料液比1∶30、提取时间2h,提取量可达到1124mg/100g(干物质);黄酮粗提物能显著增强小鼠体内SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性,降低MDA的含量。结论:优选的提取方法效率高,含量测定方法操作简便;黄酮粗提物具有明显的抗氧化作用。