应用间接荧光抗体技术研究水中嗜水气单胞菌的数量与鱼类出血性败血病的关系

应用间接荧光抗体技术（ＩＦＡＴ），并结合嗜水气单胞菌（Ａｈ）地区优势血清型，对鱼类出血性败血病的致病菌Ａｈ进行水中数量的测定。ＭＭ感染试验和对生产鱼塘调查的结果表明，水中Ａｈ菌量与疾病呈正相关，致病浓度又随鱼体健康低下、水中氨氮偏高、溶氧偏低等多种因子的影响而下降。本试验方法快速简便，检测对象为水体，非常适用于预测疾病的发展趋势。     

略论武昌东湖鲢鳙鱼种的年轮形成及湖泊放养的规格问题

本文对武昌东湖鲢鳙鱼种的年轮形成和放养规格问题进行了研究。东湖幼龄鲢、鳙的年轮形成时期是四月份,环片有规则的由稀疏转向紧密排列,同时伴随切割相是年轮形成的主要标志。Ⅰ和Ⅱ龄鲢、鱅,从4月份开始新的一年长度和重量增长,8月份为高峰期,10月份以后生长速度明显下降,冬季停滞生长。三种不同大小的鲢、鳙鱼种放养结果表明,它们的生长率和回捕率都是不同的,越大的鱼种,生长越快,回捕率也越高。为了提高东湖鲢、鳙放养的效益,建议提高放养鱼种的规格。     

增产素在亚心形扁藻生产上的应用

亚心形扁藻是鱼、虾、贝幼体最为常用的活饵料。如何提高它的产量和质量问题,正引起各方面的关注。水稻生产中应用增产灵,使稻谷每公顷增产4.46％;海带、紫菜的生产中,应用外源激素,产量提高了3～5倍。一些研究还表明,激素在不同的环境条件下,对不同部分和不同年龄的植物体所起的生理作用不同,其生长结果也不一样。我们在已有工作的基础上,进行了增产素处理亚心形扁藻的生产性试验、不同培养因素试验及生理效应、产品质量分析和投喂海水动物的试验,现报导如下。     

海洋贝类病害和健康养殖

随着海洋贝类养殖的发展，水域环境也在不断恶化。这些年来，贝类养殖经常发生大批死亡，作者参阅了有关文献，并根据自己在贝类病害和死亡方面所做的一些调查与积累的一些实践经验，进行分析，提出了防止对策，供大家参考。     

Effects of dietary vitamin E level on growth and tissue lipid peroxidation of soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis (Wiegmann)

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on growth, liver lipid peroxidation and liver and muscle vitamin E level of soft‐shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis. Eight experimental diets analysed to contain 0–457 IU vitamin E kg^?1 were fed to juvenile soft‐shelled turtle of 4.8 g initial body weight for 12 weeks. Weight gain (WG) of the turtles fed the diet containing no vitamin E was significantly lower than those fed diets containing 83–457 IU vitamin E kg^?1 (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio showed similar trends to that of WG. No significant difference (P>0.05) was found in whole‐body composition among turtles fed the different diets. Dietary vitamin E requirement using WG as the response and estimated using the broken‐line regression model is approximately 88 IU kg^?1. Liver and muscle vitamin E content increased when dietary vitamin E level increased. Ascorbate‐induced lipid peroxidation in liver tissue of turtles fed diets containing 0 and 17 IU vitamin E kg^?1 was significantly (P<0.05) greater than those fed diets containing high vitamin E (≥35 IU kg^?1).     

不同基因型水稻镉吸收差异及镉对水稻的影响研究进展

研究镉对水稻污染的生理生物学的作用机制,筛选富镉或低吸镉的水稻基因型品种对保护生态环境和生产绿色食品都具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。综述了稻田镉污染的现状、危害,水稻镉吸收积累差异以及镉对水稻生长发育的影响等方面的研究成果,并提出了今后的研究方向。     

基于PLC控制系统在锅炉蔗渣喂料器中的应用

本文介绍了基于S7-200PLC与触摸屏的锅炉喂料器料位控制系统,对系统的料位检测元件、软伺放及前馈PID控制算法进行了说明.     

Four New Jacaranone Analogs from the Fruits of a Beibu Gulf Mangrove Avicennia marina

Four new jacaranone analogs, marinoids F–I (1–4), were isolated from the fruits of a Beibu Gulf mangrove Avicennia marina. The structures were elucidated based on analysis of spectroscopic data. Marinoids F and G are shown to be diastereoisomers of chlorocornoside, a new halogen containing marine secondary metabolite. The antioxidant activity of the isolates was evaluated using a cellular antioxidant assay, and 4 showed good antioxidant activity (EC₅₀ = 26 μM).     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Some New Aza-B-homocholestane Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

Using analogues of some marine steroidal oximes as precursors, a series of aza-B-homocholestane derivatives possessing different substituted groups at the 3-position of the steroidal nucleus were synthesized. Their biological activity against cancer cell proliferation was determined with multiple cancer cell lines. Aza-B-homocholestane derivatives possessing 3-hydroxyl, 3-hydroximino and 3-thiosemicarbazone groups displayed remarkable cytotoxicity to cancer cells via apoptosis inducing mechanism. Compounds 5, 10, 12, 15 and 18 exhibited better potency to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In addition, compound 15 was further evaluated with three dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids assay to determine its potency against spheroid growth. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) generated in the studies is valuable for the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents.     

Eunicellin-Based Diterpenoids,Hirsutalins N–R,from the Formosan Soft Coral Cladiella hirsuta

New eunicellin-type hirsutalins N–R (1–5), along with two known eunicellins, (6 and 7) were isolated from the soft coral Cladiella hirsuta. The structures of the metabolites were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Cytotoxic activity of compounds 1–7 against the proliferation of a limited panel of cancer cell lines was measured. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1–7 was evaluated by measuring their ability in suppressing superoxide anion generation and elastase release in fMLP/CB-induced human neutrophils.