天然动植物色素的特性及其提取技术概况

综述了天然生物色素在动植物体中的分布和特定生理功能。概括了动植物色素的主要提取方法及其发展状况：直接破碎原料、溶剂浸提、物理技术辅助浸提和现代仪器提取分离等;指出超临界流体萃取(SFE)是较具发展潜力的高效萃取方法,有利于提高色素产品质量。     

多功能防护林工程建设成效初步评价

通过对宜昌、黄冈、咸宁、孝感、随州、荆州、恩施等市(州)世界银行贷款“森林资源发展和保护项目”多功能防护林工程建设成效情况进行调查、总结、分析,总体评价是在土地的合理利用规划、经济有效的防护林体系的结构选择和布局、农林复合型防护林经营技术和树种、草种选择以及防止水土流失的营林措施等方面基本实现了项目的建设目标,在经济、环境、社会和技术进步等方面都取得了良好的成效。     

试论工程造价三阶段控制

随着市场经济的发展 ,投资控制的理论和政策已成为工程造价管理上的重要任务和课题。本文主要从工程造价控制的 3个阶段进行了分析 ,提出了相应的控制措施     

Load behaviors of a prefabricated wood framing house during lifting and transportation

Lifting for handling and flatbed truck transportation to the job site are important processes during manufacture of prefabri-cated wooden construction units like mini homes and building modules. Significant damage can occur to sections or components of units during these operations. Although damage usually will not impair its structural safety, it is costly to fix and causes the public to perceive prefabricated wooden buildings as low quality products. Field observations and preliminary numerical models for prefabri-cated units subject to lifting and transportation forces are summarized here. Once fully developed and verified, models will support the creation of damage mitigation strategies centered on structural details indicating how units are to be supported during lifting and transportation.     

节水滴灌在西部贫水地区造林中的应用

"西部大开发"是2000年全国人民代表大会颁布的正式决定,国务院也随之提出实施战略:"环境保护和经济建设一起抓",即双管齐下,协调发展,这是加速调整国民经济发展的一项富民强国的"国策",要求在改造大西北不良的生态环境中去开发,在保护好现有森林资源的同时大规模地种草植树造林,而大西北地区严重匮缺水资源,制约了这项绿化工程的开展,实施者如不重视这一点,去发挥人的创造性,探求造林中的科技措施,就不可能按期完成这项环保需要的绿化工程任务.     

毛竹林冬笋开发试验

通过较大面积冬笋开发试验,冬笋每公顷产量达180kg以上,产值达900元以上,不影响春笋、新竹产量。     

林火对森林虫害发生影响的研究

对黑龙江省的大兴安岭、黑河、伊春、牡丹江等林区近5年的火灾过火林地进行森林虫害调查分析.结果表明:大兴安岭及黑河林区森林过火后主要虫害为天牛和小蠹类;伊春林区食叶害虫种类较多,但危害较轻;牡丹江林区落叶松毛虫发生程度严重.森林火灾后林内蛀干害虫大量发生,树干熏黑高度是影响虫害发生数量的一个重要因子.火烧强度与虫害发生数量呈正相关性;天牛及小蠹类虫害发生数量与树干熏黑高度线性关系明显;兴安落叶松林、樟子松林、白桦林的虫害发生数量与树干熏黑高度相关性较高,兴安落叶松和樟子松林尤为明显.     

Nondestructive test and prediction of modulus of elasticity of veneer-overlaid particleboard composite

The effects of grain angle, thickness of face veneer, and shelling ratio on dynamic modulus of elasticity (E) of veneer-overlaid particleboard composite (VOP) were examined by using nondestructive test. In this study, the possibility that E of VOP can be predicted by means of some empirical formula was also discussed. This study has shown that grain angle, thickness of face veneer, and shelling ratio have substantial effects on E of VOP. The E at 0° of grain angle of face veneer was the largest, decreasing rapidly with increase in the grain angle. The lowest value of E occurred at 90° of grain angle of face veneer. The relationship between grain angle of face veneer and E of VOP can be expressed in the form of Jenkin’s and Hankinson’s equations. The orthotropic properties of wood and VOP defined as the ratio E ₀/ E ₉₀ were 25.7 for wood and 4.7 for VOP. When the grain direction of face veneer was parallel to the length of the specimens, the E of VOP increased with increasing shelling ratio. VOP increased E from 125 to 179% over that of the particleboard and veneer thickness from 2.1 upto 3.6 mm. However, when the grain direction of face veneer was perpendicular to the length of the specimens, the E of VOP decreased with increasing shelling ratio. VOP decreased E from 23 to 41% over that of the particleboard and veneer thickness from 2.1 upto 3.6 mm. The relationship between E of VOP and face veneer thickness can be expressed in the form of a second-order parabolic equation. Rule of Mixture (ROM) can be used to predict E of VOP from the E of wood element and particleboard element.     

基于动态递归神经网络的木材干燥模型辨识

木材干燥是一个复杂的非线性系统 ,由于木材结构复杂且具有多样性和变异性 ,因此要建立一个理想的符合木材干燥过程的模型是很困难。本文利用动态递归神经网络的特点 ,提出了基于动态递归神经网络的木材干燥模型辨识方法 ,给出了动态递归状态 -输出神经网络的结构和学习算法。并通过对辨识得到的模型的仿真结果 ,表明了本文所建立的模型是有效的     

影响松毛虫赤眼蜂种群消长因子研究

１９８６－１９９０年的研究得知：松毛虫赤眼蜂在浙江于３月下旬开始活动，１０月上旬至１１月陆续以蛹在马尾松毛虫、云南松毛虫等虫卵中越冬在林中常年都可见到该蜂的活动，其种群数量出现的高峰期与松毛虫卵期相一致，林中昆虫卵的多少、蜜源植物的有无、温度的高低、是影响松毛虫赤眼蜂林间种群消长的主要因子。