人工培植羊黄的研究

对70头山羊、50头绵羊和5头奶山羊进行了人工培植羊黄研究。在植黄后一年,对42头山羊,10头绵羊和1头奶山羊取黄,在羊的胆囊内形成了羊黄。对11个羊黄样品进行了胆色素、总胆固醇和总胆酸等项目测定,结果表明与天然牛黄主要成分相同,但含量有所不同。对5个羊黄样品进行了超微结构观察,结果与天然牛黄一致。 对人工培植羊黄羊的胆囊胆汁进行了测定,β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶活性(以下简称β-G酶活性)和粘蛋白含量明显升高。因接种的大肠杆菌血清型不同,β-G酶活性也呈现不同程度的变化。对培植羊黄羊的胆囊进行了组织学检查,胆囊壁粘膜上皮柱细胞间的杯状细胞及固有膜中的粘液腺大量增生,是胆汁中多糖粘蛋白增高的组织学基础。 对培植羊黄进行了药理学试验,其结果与天然牛黄完全一样。     

Expression and functional analysis of the Follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) gene in the sheep ovary during the oestrous cycle

Follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) is a regulator of cellular apoptosis and was previously identified via RNA-Seq to be associated with follicular development in mammalian ovaries. However, the mechanism underlying the FSTL3 regulation of oestrus in sheep remained poorly understood. In this study, the oestrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations in blood were detected, and the expression level and functional analysis of FSTL3 in the ovary were studied during the different reproductive stage in Aohan fine wool sheep (seasonal breeding breed in China). The concentrations of E2 and P4 at the anestrus were significantly lower compared to dioestrus, proestrus and oestrus stages. Higher expression levels of FSTL3 were observed in the sheep ovary, hypothalamus, and thyroid. During different reproductive stages, higher expression levels were found during the stages of dioestrus and proestrus, while lower levels were found during the oestrus and anestrus stages. Functional analysis of FSTL3 was performed in primary granulosa cells (GCs) of sheep. The concentration of E2 increased significantly after RNAi interference of FSTL3, while the P4 level decreased. FSTL3 can decrease P4 levels, which might be involved in mediating oestrous cycle in sheep.     

桑蚕摘除部分感觉器对人工饲料摄食性的影响

桑蚕摘除了触角,下颚须或下颚瘤状体后,对人工饲料的摄食性均显著提高,摄食性个体差异减小,对桑叶或人工饲料正趋性强的个体,其摄食性较高,人工饲料中不仅存在蚕的味觉有明显抑制作用的物质,也存在对嗅觉有忌避作用的成分,嗅觉在决定对人工饲料摄食性方面具有重要作用。     

不同蛋能比对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长、饲料转化、血清指标和体组成的影响

导读：虾料配制时首先考虑的因子。 前言 凡纳滨对虾原产于美洲中南部的太平洋沿岸,我国于1988年引进,由于该虾生长快、适应性强、食性广、价格高、抗病力强等优点,迅速成为主要养殖品种。当前,饲料成本占总养殖成本的50～60％,而蛋白水平又是影响生长性能和饲料成本的主要因素。那么怎样才能降低饲料成本呢？通过优化蛋白能量和非蛋白能量在饲料中的比例,可以达到这一目的。如果蛋白相对于能量过量,那么,     

安徽省一起非洲猪瘟疫情的暴发调查

2018年9月,安徽省铜陵市某猪场暴发非洲猪瘟疫情。为查明疫情可能的来源、波及范围,继而提出有针对性的预防控制建议,对该猪场的饲养管理、猪群发病现状以及相关流行病学关联场点进行了现场调查。调查发现,此次暴发可能由饲喂泔水引起。由此建议:暂时关闭辖区内生猪屠宰场,并进行彻底消毒;停止疫情相关区域生猪及其产品调运;监测受威胁区猪场,做好生物安全防护;停止饲喂泔水,并做好餐厨剩余物的无害化处理工作。     

活禽交易对十堰市公共卫生安全的影响及对策

本文针对十堰市活禽养殖和交易的现状,结合工作实际,分析了活禽交易方式对公共卫生安全、禽流感防控、环境污染等方面的影响,以及活禽交易存在的问题及产生的原因,从政策建议、防疫条件、检疫监管、疫情监测预警、市场准入、可追溯体系建设、动物经纪人管理等方面提出了措施和建议,为进一步加强禽流感防控工作和动物产品质量安全管理提出了有益的探讨。     

新世纪重庆蚕丝业发展问题与对策

重庆蚕丝业在 2 0世纪 80年代末期至 90年代中期居全国第四位 ,不仅是重庆出口创汇的重要支柱 ,也是财政和蚕农收入的重要来源。我国“入世”后 ,蚕丝业是重要的受益行业 ,面临巨大的市场需求与发展空间。根据中央西部大开发战略 ,结合我国丝绸产业结构调整、东桑西移的历史机遇和重庆得天独厚的茧丝绸资源 ,就新世纪重庆蚕丝业发展存在的问题和应采取的措施谈几点意见。1　重庆蚕丝业的发展现状及问题1 .1　现状在重庆 40个区县 (市 )行政区划中 ,有养蚕的区县 (市 ) 35个 ,蚕种场 2 7个 ,蚕种冷库6座 ,年制种能力 1 30余万张、年冷藏能力2…     

草原的生态系统服务:Ⅲ.价值和意义

连续综述了中国草原／草地生态系统服务价值的构成,草地生态系统服务的总价值,各类型草地的生态系统服务的价值。论证了草原／草地为中国提供了最大的生态系统服务价值,草地生态系统服务的生态价值远大于经济价值。论述了草地生态系统服务价值评估具有下列重要意义：1．指明了草地生态系统服务的具体项目及其不可代替性;2．确定了草地生态资本的价值;3．促进了环境成本核算和实现绿色GDP。文章在最后还讨论了草原／草地生态系统服务价值评估中存在的问题。     

Structural and metabolic integrity of sheep external intercostal muscle during extended culture

The objectives of this study were to examine the structural and metabolic integrity of isolated sheep external intercostal muscle bundles following variable lengths of preincubation (0 to 192 h). Samples of intact external intercostal muscle (10 to 15 g), with tendons attached, were prepared from growing wethers and maintained at their resting lengths during preincubation for 0 to 192 h. Protein synthesis (PS), protein degradation (PD), acetate oxidation and ultrastructural integrity of muscle samples were examined at 0 to 192 h, 0 to 96 h, 0 to 48 h and 0 to 96 h following isolation, respectively. Additionally, the effects of variable fetal calf serum (FCS) concentrations (0 to 20%; w/v) on PS and PD and acetate oxidation were examined. Rate of PS increased as preincubation time increased to 192 h; however, most of this increase was due to the proliferation of fibroblasts on the surface of the muscle sample. Addition of cytosine arabinoside to the incubation media prevented the fibroblast-dependent increase in PS; however, it did not entirely prevent the preincubation time-dependent increase in PS. Rate of PD increased greatly upon preincubation. The nitrogen balance of incubated muscles was negative at all times examined. Acetate oxidation was maintained through 12 h of preincubation and thereafter declined. Relatively normal myofibrillar structure was maintained through 48 h of preincubation; however, loss of mitochondrial integrity and dissolution of Z-disks at 48 h and at 96 h of preincubation were evident. Isolated tissues were able to respond to FCS concentration in medium following 48 h of preincubation.     

德菲尔法构建重大动物疫病预警指标体系

[目的 ]构建重大动物疫病暴发流行预警指标体系。[方法 ]以禽流感和口蹄疫为例,采用文献调研法和德菲尔专家咨询法中的专家会议法初拟重大动物疫病预警体系的框架和指标;应用德菲尔专家咨询法评价预警指标的重要性、可操作性;应用组合权重法比较各指标综合影响的大小,并将指标分类。[结果 ]筛选出禽流感和口蹄疫预警预报一级指标6项(易感动物、饲养管理和免疫情况等)以及二级指标14项(免疫效果、环境消毒、温度等),并将指标分为三类(关键指标、重要指标和一般指标)。[结论 ]初步构建了重大动物疫病暴发流行预警指标体系。